FTP
Data transfer protocol. Abbreviation of File Transfer Protocol. The protocol optimized for file transfer. The programs using it became a part of separate Internet service. To use the ftp-protocol, the special program — the so-called FTP client is necessary. As such client can act — the Internet browser (MS of Internet Explorer, Netscape Navigator), the file management program FAR, the specialized CuteFTP program, etc. the Ftp-client is built-in also in some HTML-editors, such as HomeSite, Dreamweaver or FrontPage.
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FTP (File Transfer Protocol) is the file protocol. One of the oldest network protocols used for file transfer in the computer networks. Using this protocol it is possible to be connected to the FTP servers, to watch contents of files and to load them from the server or on the server. To the middle of the 90th on a share of this protocol more than a half of all the Internet of traffic prikhobitsya, today it is used for transfer of the software and remote access to hosts.
The main feature of the FTP protocol is that the data transferred under it are not ciphered - the login and the password are transferred openly. In order to avoid losses, two transmission modes of information are developed: text, for transfer of HTML documents, PHP scripts, etc. and binary, for graphic communication, the performed scripts, etc. For web resource data loading on the server or for their receiving special programs are used. By default the FTP client automatically determines a necessary transmission mode of data. The majority of universal programs for downloading (Flash Get, Download Master) support as well the FTP protocol.
Access to FTP servers is provided using the file managers WinSCP, Total Commander and another, supporting FTP connection. Also there is a possibility of use online of clients, such as "FTPonline", online access to whom, it is provided by means of any browser.
Connection modes
There are also two connection modes with the FTP server. Active when the client is connected on port 21 and gives commands then the server connects to the client and transfers it data on this channel. Passive when the client is connected to the server on port 21 and after transfer of commands, the server opens additional port through which there is a data exchange.
Chronology of events
2019: Plan of Google for complete cessation of support of the FTP protocol
On August 16, 2019 the Google company unveiled the plan for complete cessation of support of the File Transfer Protocol (FTP) Internet protocol in Chrome and Chromium. Final failure will gradually come from once demanded file transfer protocol, in several stages, and the first of them will begin with the moment of release of Chrome 80. Read more here.
1971: Development of the protocol
FTP was developed in 1971 21 year prior to release of HTTP. Unlike the last, it was initially created for file transfer and work with a server file system — it was allowed not only to download to the user files to the server, but also to rename and delete them, to move between folders, etc.
See Also
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