TAdviser Interview: The deputy head of DIT of Moscow A. Chukarin - about the new digital strategy of the city and disruptive technologies in it

Alexey Chukarin: Development of city strategy "The smart city — 2030" began in April of this year, and it covers all activities in the city. Strategy on 6 main directions is concentrated: development of a social and human capital, digital mobility, smart economy, comfortable urban environment and digital government. All of them are directed to improvement of quality of life of citizens and guests of the capital, focused on people.

For the first time we created this document together with the industry. [1] More than 20 thousand representatives of business took part in discussion. The final document taking into account their changes is published at the end of August.

"The smart city — 2030" is continuation of the Information City program, and among the most used terms of the previous program "automation", "informatization" sounded. Now they were succeeded by "digitalization". What reflection is conceptual change found in strategy "The smart city — 2030"? In what its difference from "The information city"? It is even not the second program, but the third. The first program in Moscow was Electronic Moscow, and in Russia - Electronic Russia, the following program in Moscow - "The information city", and in Russia - Information society. Now we have "A smart city", and at the federal level the Digital Economy program.

The main achievements of the first city program were that adequate infrastructure was constructed: communications infrastructure, park of personal computers, printers and all means of production. Within "The information city" there was a problem of automation of usual, standard activity, and paper chaos in departments was liquidated.

After automation of the current processes, the speech went about creation of new consumer properties. Kind of well functions were automated if, for example, the person without passport cannot go to other city of Russia, or from it it is required to raise driver's licenses when it is stopped by the traffic police officer, it causes inconveniences for people. "The smart city", "Digital economy" are directed to creation of new consumer properties: the translation of documents in "digit", use of the digital document as main representation of the person or object in the environment, transfer of services in online. The purpose - to get rid of need of use of documents on any physical medium. If desired it is possible to have, of course, and the paper verified copy.

At the same time, of course, in strategy much more principles are underlain. One of them - management of the city on the basis of opinions of inhabitants. Now often there are disagreements concerning expediency of acceptance or rejection of these or those city solutions. We enter more and more instruments of feedback coupling. For a long time such tools as Active Citizen, and "Our city" work. In Active Citizen service we this year started blockchain technology that any could be convinced of reliability of results. Also the Electronic House tool allowing inhabitants of apartment houses to participate in all-house meetings at which they cannot physically be present was started. We are going to develop similar tools of electronic democracy especially actively within new strategy.

In addition to global things in Moscow the Comfortable Environment program was read long ago. Here, as it seems to us, digital technologies can be useful too. With their help, for example, we already learn to create jobs, they are already created for citizens with limited opportunities.

Also we study programs of retraining, social adaptation for the citizens working at specialties to which reduction or even disappearance in the near future, such as accountants, drivers of public transport and so forth threatens.

Alexey Chukarin: Already there are systems of biometric identification, for example, of Face-ID and to forge biometrics much more difficult, than any document. Also dactyloscopy, recognition on a retina and others can be used. Strategy "The smart city - 2030" assumes use of similar tools, the main objective of it is of course, convenience.

Alexey Chukarin: Already now we implement technology of the distributed and cloud data storage. In some cases the technology of the distributed register is used (blockchain). The city has an experience and the centralized cloud data storage, for example, in service of city video surveillance. The speech of course goes about the protected, certified clouds conforming to all requirements of FSB, FSTEC and others. At the same time to organize own centralized storages - it is expensive and not really effective. Therefore it is better to use for this purpose market specialized services, renting capacities on service model.

In terms of data access arrangement we apply enough innovation model using API. For all the services we in parallel try to create a possibility for connection to them of business companies. The simplest example here - service of record to the doctor. More than 5 largest platforms give now the chance to register in EMIAS via the interface. Respectively, we do not limit partners from business in use of similar services.

We, of course, honor the law on personal data therefore only the city can use all personal data which inhabitants in coordination provided to the city. Now we have a mass of requests from business companies for providing some depersonifitsirovanny aggregated data, for example, about attraction points in the city which can be used for making decision on, where to construct shop. Also there is interest in information in the aggregated type on some identifier for bank scoring. The question of providing similar data is not settled yet neither at the federal level, nor on Moscow.

Alexey Chukarin: On the basis of strategy several state programs from which the Smart City program will become base for strategy implementation will be developed. Already now it is clear that such strategy cannot be implemented within only one program, it will join separate subprogrammes in many other Moscow programs in the field of health care, educations, regional security and so on.

It is still difficult to estimate the volume of necessary means for implementation of all these programs. But it is already clear that strategy implementation is impossible without business participation. By our estimates to a half of funds for implementation should arrive from business, and the rest - from the city budget. Business not less authorities is interested in that the city became smarter and in it there were services which will be comfortable to the normal consumer. It will give an opportunity to the business more to earn.

At the same time there are directions where I hardly see business participation. First, this direction of the digital government. After all it is impossible to put commercial interests above social. There has to be a direct interaction of citizens and the city. Here it is possible to carry a considerable part of tasks of formation of requirements of a social and human capital. In all other directions, whether it be the digital mobility, either urban economy, or the urban environment for business is huge opportunities for work.

Alexey Chukarin: There is a number of technologies which based on consultation with experts and futurologists we consider priority, taking into account forecasts for ten-year perspective. Futurologists with whom we communicated the leading world scientists are the top officials of such companies as Google, "Yandex", etc. The artificial intelligence, a blockchain, Big Data, all tools of the virtual, added and mixed reality, technologies of cellular communication of a 5G, Internet of Things, neurointerfaces both 3D - modeling and 3D - printing belong to the selected end-to-end technologies.

The simplest example on artificial intelligence - its use for consultations of citizens in MFC to accelerate receiving services. One more good example is technologies of computer vision at medical diagnostics for the aid to doctors which we now actively in the city pilot. The artificial intelligence can be used also in management of the transport system. The Moscow Department of Transport already promoted implementation of many components: it and informing on routes, a podstraivaniye of the traffic light modes under flows. There is, of course, still a Center of the organization of traffic, but, by and large, it is all separate components so far. In the foreseeable future the artificial intelligence will allow to manage all traffic flows not komponentno any more, and on a centralized basis.

In the field of Big Data there is rather simple example, but difficult in implementation, is the municipal government, city planning on the basis of data. A huge number of data from the existing information systems is used separately so far. With respect thereto, for example, an overhaul of clinic in the densely populated area is almost quest because several departments at the same time try to understand where the truth. We set as the purpose creation of unified city registers of data on different categories.

In the field of VR/AR there is an example simple in implementation is use of virtual reality at lessons when school students have an opportunity to make any experiment, chemical or physical, without risks of real effects in case of an error. It expands a range of laboratory experiments which it is possible to carry out - to mix different substances, for example. AR is already widely applied in Moscow, for example, to providing information city objects during the excursions and so on.

In area 5G Moscow bypassed many other cities of the world, having pro-piloted this technology on the FIFA World Cup. With its use the effect of immersion due to application of virtual reality which was broadcast on wireless helmets was created. People could be moved to the football field and monitor kind of the events from there, to consider a field in parts.

Alexey Chukarin: Those with whom we consulted gave forecasts about what will occur in the cities similar to Moscow, in 10-15-year perspective. One of amusing examples, we it, of course, did not turn on in strategy: according to a number of futurologists urbanists, by 2030 the teleportation mechanism will be implemented. It will give boundless opportunities for movement in time and space. At the same time, according to them, this mechanism will be implemented in the large cities. Well I, of course, do not even undertake to comment on it seriously.

One more mad forecast was concerning cyborgs: will not pass also 10 years as instead of the amputated extremities or bodies to people will implant synthetic cybernetic bodies which will help to save to people quality of life.