Sting of a tick and tick-borne encephalitis

Pincers are the most numerous kind of arthropods from a class arachnoid. Their length, as a rule, is 0.2-0.4 mm. For the beginning of 2019 more than 54 thousand species of ticks are opened, those subspecies which suck blood as they are carriers of such most dangerous diseases as tick-borne encephalitis and also Lyme's disease and borreliosis are dangerous. The most widespread species of the ticks who are found in the territory of Russia – European forest which lives in North-West Region and taiga which area of dwelling is the Far East, the Urals, Siberia and also a midland of the European part.

Risks of stings and virus of encephalitis

During a sting, the tick injects the infected saliva into blood of the person which, in turn, becomes the catalyst of development of a disease.

Many are firmly sure that the virus of encephalitis is carried only by ticks - it is far not so. It is necessary to remember that the disease is carried by also small animals, for example, chipmunks, mice, hares. Besides, the pets bitten by pincers and birds, for example, thrushes, hazel grouses, starlings, coastal swallows and porridge can be carriers of a disease also.

Other, not less widespread myth, the statement that ticks jump off from branches of trees on people as they rather often find them on the head or shoulders is. Actually those species of ticks about which we speak do not climb a grass or bushes higher than the level of a knee. Nevertheless, having seized, they begin to creep up, with the purpose to reach less protected skin sections – behind an ear, on a neck, on bends of hands and legs.

The third myth is so-called antitick-borne repellents which as many are sure, will allow to secure against stings of pincers leisure outdoors. Unfortunately, antitick-borne medicines which are applied on a body and guarantee protection, does not exist. All means which are available in the market disappear in several hours after drawing and require repetition of the procedure. "It is important to understand that the speed of suction of pincers which feel direct proximity of blood vessels increases so that any means against stings of pincers will not be able to provide your protection against them", - the therapist of JSC Meditsina clinic Olesya Savelyeva said in April, 2019.

Vaccination against tick-borne encephalitis

Many are also sure that the vaccine against tick-borne encephalitis will provide reliable protection against infection with this virus at a sting, however it is necessary to remember that ticks are also disease carriers of Lyme against inoculations for which do not exist April, 2019. The danger of this disease is that its course happens almost asymptomatically, and to fight against it at late stages extremely difficult. Besides, if not to begin treatment at once, then the disease can lead to defeat of the nervous and cardiovascular systems. Thereof at detection of a tick on your body, without delay address to hospital.

It is necessary to carry out vaccination against tick-borne encephalitis. The inoculation creates immunity to a disease and will save from infection with tick-borne encephalitis. Not late to take root. For the beginning of 2019 there are several vaccines which take root according to different schemes. The most widespread scheme – triple vaccine injection: primary, repeated in a month and the third in a year. Even if to do primary vaccination now, the immunity will begin to be developed in 2 weeks.

Precautionary measures in the forest

Getting to the forest, it is necessary to remember:

1. At visit of places where there can be pincers, it is recommended to put on light monophonic clothes with long sleeves and closely adjacent to a body that it was easy to notice ticks. The head should be covered with a headdress.

2. Independent and mutual surveys need to be spent during walk in nature each two hours and 1 more time of the house. It is especially carefully necessary to investigate the parts of the body covered with hair.

3. The vacation spot, night sleep outdoors it is necessary to exempt from a dry grass, branches in a radius of 20-25 meters.

4. At home it is necessary to replace clothes, linen at once, carefully to examine them, to stretch and dry up. It is impossible to leave these clothes near a bed or to sleep in it – stirring of clothes does not save from pincers.

What to do if you were bitten by a tick

One more widespread myth says that the first that needs to be made, having detected in itself on a body of the stuck tick - it is to fill in it with sunflower oil. This council with the fact that the tick will begin to choke in this connection he will try to be selected is supported, as a rule. However the similar method has much more unpleasant scenario of succession of events – the tick will begin to be in agony and will try to bury even more deeply that will complicate afterwards process of its extraction of your body. If you decided to get rid independently of a parasite, then it is possible to try to throw the oral device of a tick with an eyelet from a strong thread, several times to overwind it and to take carefully. Besides, in shops for active holiday there are special devices for extraction of pincers.

Many are sure that the tick after his removal needs to be burned. It cannot be done at all, it needs to be put in bank and to carry in department of hygiene and epidemiology of district hospital, or in the specialized center. Physicians will be able to set whether the tick is infected with a virus of borreliosis or encephalitis and also, if something happens, to provide medical care.