Mangazey

Main article: History of Russia

Mangazey it is unique the fact that the city existed only 70 years and was left in steady-state condition, without later stratifications. Thanks to permafrost the 17th century perfectly remained, up to all organic chemistry — it is possible to obtain information even about diseases and parasites of people of that time. It, together with the next monuments, in general changed understanding about pioneers of the North.

Mangazeysky jail with the posad. Reconstruction on M.I. Belov's excavation

"All of us read the well-known two-volume book by researchers of Belovo, Ovsyannikov and Starkov where it is written that the monument is dug out completely. One of our acquaintances went there and found out that it not so — instead of the stated 30 thousand square meters they dug out only five thousand, - the candidate of historical sciences, the director told in 2019[1].

Inhabitants of Mangazei very well ate: in the Polar region ate walnuts, raisin, dried plums. Besides very much liked to play chess and bones: we found a set of bones, dominoes, checkers from mamontovy and other bone and it is so much chessmen how many in one archeological site of the world: in 70 years collected more than in Novgorod during all the time. We among themselves even called to Mangazey "Northern Las Vegas" — gamblings were so popular there.

Besides, researchers found many texts. All barrels, all stock were inscribed: surnames, names, nicknames. Such quantity of texts is not found also in monuments of the 18th century. Set of birchbark manuscripts. Found two plates with the alphabet — most likely, according to it taught children at school in spite of the fact that the city was rather small. So the North was mastered by rather educated, competent people.

Inhabitants not bad understood also navigation: more than ten leather covers for a compass, several compasses and the sundial were detected already - it is the uniform navigation instrument. Besides, many import objects are found: as luxury goods — jewelry, ware from the European majolica, the Chinese porcelain, and weapon, the most modern at that time. Almost in Russia there were anywhere no such arquebuses which were found there — they even in Moscow are not found.

The ancient moonshine still — a copper distillation cube with a tube, completely whole was found in Mangazey for the first time in Russia. In Moscow found same, but did not understand that it because it was crumpled.

There is no authentic information about the Western European merchants in Mangazey. Monitored this way since the time of Ivan the Terrible that nobody got. The only thing that is — at Alexey Mikhaylovich some people of the European appearance allegedly appeared in captivity at Samoyeds. But it is a written source which should not be trusted completely.

Problems of preservation and museumification

All mastering by Russians of Siberia took place on kocha, thanks to these courts and it was possible to pass across the North Sea. And as looked koch — precisely nobody knew, there were only approximate engravings. Any part was not found, that Belov's expedition in Mangazey found. But researches on them were primitive, they were sketched hastily, and sense nobody had ideas of how they look.

So it was very interesting to scientist to dig out these parts, to export, preserve, to add to the category of museum objects. The last by 2019 did not work well yet because there is no interested structure. It is interesting to all until it becomes clear how transportation is difficult. koch in length of 25-30 meters, and it is necessary to carry these huge parts.

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