| Developers: | ITMO University (St. Petersburg National Research University of Information Technologies, Optics Mechanics) |
| Date of the premiere of the system: | 2020/10/22 |
Main article: Fiber optic communication
2020: The announcement of a method of upgrade of optical fiber using technology of capture of light
On October 22, 2020 it became known that specialists of the ITMO University upgraded optical fiber and optimized efficiency of data transmission. Using technology of capture of light it was succeeded to get rid of "blind zones" which arose at big incidence angles. Prokachennoye optical fiber can be used for image enhancement of endoscopy and laparoscopy, quantum technologies and fiber optic sensors. The concept of the development offered by scientists in 2020 got on a cover of the October issue of the ACS Photonics magazine.
As it was explained, optical fiber allows an optical signal to transfer almost a million times more information, than electric by means of a copper wire. The technology is used in daily medicine, for example, when carrying out researches in a live organism. So, due to use of optical fiber methods of endoscopy allow to carry out fast and exact diagnostics of the patient. However at oblique falling of light the efficiency of use of optical fiber for these purposes quickly decreases. If the incidence angle of light makes more than 15 degrees, then optical fiber is almost useless. Managed to solve this fundamental problem scientists of ITMO Oleg Ermakov and Andrey Bogdanov in cooperation with Institute of photon technologies of Leibniz in Germany and the Australian national university.
Researchers suggested to use dielectric nanostructure from silicon nitride which was applied on an optical fiber end face. The nanostructure is made in the form of ring diffraction grating which accepts light of any polarization from any direction at big incidence angles. At the same time silicon nitride practically does not absorb light unlike the previous analogs. These factors increased efficiency of capture of light approximately in ten thousand times in comparison with optical fibers with metal nanostructure or without it.
 | We promoted from superficial understanding of a problem to accurately formulated concept, the analytical description and an exact numerical model. It allowed us to define optimal design of structure which was made and measured afterwards by our German colleagues. Oleg Ermakov, the employee of New Physics and Technology faculty of the ITMO University told |  |
In the nearest future researchers are going to optimize process of production of nanostructures using technology of a nanoprinting lithograph — stampings of a polymeric covering and the subsequent removal of excess layers of material. For October, 2020 scientists work on an automatic algorithm which would allow to define design of separate nanostructure under any specific objective.
| | The implemented device will be useful for any application which demands remote collecting of light under a big corner, for example, in spectroscopy of in-Vivo or quantum technologies. Markus Schmidt, the project manager, professor told | |
| | For many years development of the nanophotonics developed for interaction management of light and substance was not connected with progress in the fiber optic technologies directed to much larger scales. This work provides the bridge between two knowledge domains. Yury Kivshar, the co-director of a research, honourable doctor Universiteta ITMO and the full member of the Australian academy of Sciences, professor explained | |
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