Sulfur oxide (sulphurous gas, dioxide of sulfur, SO2)
Sulfur oxide (sulfur dioxide, sulfur dioxide, sulphurous gas, sulphurous anhydride) — compound of sulfur with oxygen of structure of SO2. In normal conditions represents colourless gas with a characteristic pungent smell (a smell of the lighting-up match). It is toxic. One of principal components of volcanic gases.
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For 2013 the sulphurous gas reaches the highest concentrations in the northern hemisphere, especially over the territory of the USA, Europe, China, the European part of Russia and Ukraine. In the southern hemisphere contents is much lower than it.
Sources
Anthropogenic pollution by sulfur exceeds natural (volcanoes) twice.
The greatest danger is represented by pollution by compounds of sulfur which are released into the atmosphere at combustion of coal fuel, oil and natural gas and also during the smelting of metals and production of sulfuric acid.
Influence on the environment and human health
Sulfuric anhydride is formed at gradual oxidation of sulphurous anhydride by air oxygen with light participation. An end product of reaction is aerosol of sulfuric acid in air, solution in a rain water (in clouds). Dropping out with rainfall, she acidifies the soil, aggravates respiratory diseases, is hidden depressing influences human health.
Plants about sources of oxide of sulfur are usually densely covered with the small necrotic spots formed in places of sedimentation of drops of sulfuric acid that proves presence it in the environment in essential quantities.
Influence on an atmosphere status
Because of education in large numbers as waste dioxide of sulfur is one of the main gases contaminating the atmosphere.
It should be noted also that dioxide of sulfur has a maximum in light reversal spectrum in ultra-violet area (190 — 220 nanometers) that matches a maximum in an ozone reversal spectrum. This property of dioxide of sulfur allows to claim that availability of this gas in the atmosphere has also positive effect, preventing emergence and development of oncological diseases of skin of the person. Sulfur dioxide in the atmosphere of Earth significantly weakens influence of greenhouse gases (carbon dioxide, methane) on growth of temperature of the atmosphere.
Observations of volcanoes
For 2016 9 volcanoes of a vklyuchyona in monitoring of the scientific Deep Earth Carbon Degassing project (DECADE) which problem is collection of data on emissions of carbon dioxide (CO2) and oxide of sulfur (SO2, one of principal components of volcanic gases). Including monitoring includes a volcano Poas in Costa Rica.
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