| Developers: | Regional aircraft (formerly Sukhoi Civil Aircraft) |
| Date of the premiere of the system: | 2007/09/26 |
| Last Release Date: | 2018/09/25 |
| Branches: | Mechanical and Instrument Engineering, Transport |
The Sukhoi Superjet 100 (SSJ100) is a regional 100-seat aircraft that combines modern aircraft technology. Developed and manufactured by Sukhoi Civil Aircraft JSC with the participation of Finmeccanica-Alenia Aermacchi.
According to the manufacturer, SSJ100 offers comfort to passengers, significant economic benefits to carriers, crew convenience and environmental safety.
Specifications
As of September 2018, the maximum cruising speed of the Sukhoi Superjet 100 is Mach 0.81, the cruising altitude is 12,200 m. The strip length for the basic version of the aircraft is 1731 m, for the version with an increased flight range - 2052 m. The flight range for the basic version is 3048 km, for the version with an increased range - 4578 km. The Sukhoi Superjet 100 is powered by two SaM 146 turbofan engines.
SSJ100 is certified, and AR MAK the European EASA by several national aviation authorities. The SSJ100 has a full-fledged fly-by-wire (FBW) system. It was specifically designed to optimize control, reduce crew load, and ensure maximum fuel efficiency.
2024
Element Group of Companies signed a contract for the supply of microelectronics for SSJ 100 and MS-21 aircraft
In November 2024, the Element group of companies signed an agreement with the United Aircraft Corporation (UAC) on the supply of microcontrollers, memory chips and power transistors for the production of SSJ 100 and MS-21 aircraft worth more than ₽2 billion. The contract is valid until 2030. Read more here.
Plane crash in the suburbs
On July 12, 2024, a Sukhoi Superjet 100 aircraft belonging to the Russian company Gazprom-Avia crashed in the Moscow region. The crash occurred after maintenance of the aircraft at the aircraft factory.
According to the Kommersant newspaper, the liner took off at 14:52 Moscow time from the Tretyakovo airfield. The crew included experienced commander Yevgeny Bulavko with a flight time of more than 5 thousand hours, co-pilot Vladislav Kharlamov, as well as flight attendant Maxim Lukmanov. It was planned that the crew would make a transfer flight to Vnukovo airport, and the landing was scheduled at 15:40.
An emergency situation on board began to develop shortly after takeoff when climbing. The last time the pilots got in touch with the Domodedovo-Krug dispatcher of the capital's air hub at 14:57, that is, about five minutes after breaking away from the ground. At that moment, the liner was at an altitude of about 1.5 km. After that, the aircraft began to decline at an increasing speed. Soon, the Sukhoi Superjet 100 mark disappeared from the radar - the aircraft crashed. All crew members died.
It is noted that the pilots took the board away from residential summer cottages - thanks to this, there are no victims on the ground. The liner crashed near Kolomna. Two rescue teams and a Mi-8 helicopter were sent to the crash site. Burning debris was found in a forest near the village of Bolshoi Karasevo.
On the fact of the disaster, the investigating authorities of the Western Interregional Investigation Department for Transport of the TFR opened a criminal case under Part 3 of Art. 263 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation (violation of traffic safety rules and operation of air transport, resulting in the death of two or more persons by negligence). According to the preliminary version (as of July 12, 2024), the crash may be due to the technical condition of the machine. Since May 3, 2024, the liner has been undergoing maintenance at PJSC Lukhovitsky Aviation Plant named after P. A. Voronin[1]
2023: Complaints from Russian airlines about navigation system flaws
On May 24, 2023, it became known that Russian airlines were unhappy with the functionality of the navigation system of the Sukhoi Superjet 100 medium-haul passenger aircraft (SSJ-100), developed by Irkut Corporation. The main complaints are related to incomplete information in the navigation database and failures.
According to the Kommersant newspaper, problems in the operation of the Superjet navigation platform began to manifest themselves after the French Thales stopped updating software for airliners in Russia due to the current geopolitical situation. After that, Irkut approved the use of Avia-Briefing databases from St. Petersburg as the only supplier.
Complaints about the functioning of the navigation system came, in particular, from the Rossiya air carrier (part of the Aeroflot group), which is the largest operator of the SSJ-100. It is noted that "Russia," faced with difficulties, asked to replace the navigation system of liners with an alternative one: we are talking about the development of the Center for Air Navigation Information (CAI) from the State Air Traffic Management Corporation (GC on ATM). However, Irkut Corporation refused to satisfy this request.
Kommersant, referring to information received from a representative of the Group of Companies for ATM, notes that TsAI specialists have completed the necessary work to bring their databases into the format of the aircraft navigation system. In addition, various checks were performed, including simulator tests. However, appeals to Irkut were left unanswered. At the same time, the developer of Superjets emphasizes that "there are no official complaints from operators using the navigation database of a certified supplier."[2]
2022
Shortage of fuel filters
Russian Superjets were left without fuel filters, since new ones cannot be bought due to sanctions. Now dirty filters are reused - after washing with brake fluid.
Original consumables along with engines for Superjet were produced by PowerJet, a joint venture between the French Safran Aircraft Engines and UEC-Saturn. Filters ended in the fall of 2022. There are no spare parts on the market, but there are no alternatives yet, - The Moscow Times.
Switching to Russian brakes
Irkut Corporation in December 2022 announced the certification of domestic brake discs for use on Superjet 100 aircraft. Rosaviatsia approved the possibility of installing samples that are produced by the Rubin Aviation Corporation.
The next step in the import substitution of the liner, which Irkut Corporation plans to do, will be approval for the installation of Russian aircraft tires. They plan to replace the foreign Michelin with consumables from the Yaroslavl Tire Plant. Tests were carried out both on the stand and during test flights. They plan to undergo certification before the end of 2022, and are ready to launch mass production in Yaroslavl.
Italy holds 5 SSJ 100 aircraft of Russian companies amid conflict in Ukraine
As of November 2022, Italy, against the background of the conflict in Ukraine, holds at least five SSJ 100 aircraft, which were planned to be delivered to Russian operators.
The Ministry of Industry and Trade allocated 5 billion rubles for the production of MS-21 and SSJ aircraft
In early September 2022, it became known about the decision of the Ministry of Industry and Trade to send more than 5 billion rubles of civilian aircraft MS-21 and Sukhoi Superjet 100. This is stated in the list of proposals of the main managers of the federal budget to amend the consolidated budget list for 2022 and for the planning period 2023-2024.
 | The name of the event - subsidies in the form of a property contribution of the Russian Federation to the state corporation to promote the development, production and export of high-tech industrial products "Rostec" - is stated in the document, excerpts from which are quoted by TASS. |  |
It is planned that the allocation in the form of a property contribution will be received by the state corporation Rostec, and from it to its authorized capital - the United Aircraft Corporation, which is managed by Rostec and produces both aircraft.
In September 2022, it also became known that Perm Mashinostroitel Plant JSC will invest more than 2 billion rubles in expanding the production of reverse and other engine components PD-8 for Sukhoi Superjet. This was announced by the general director of the enterprise Vladimir Lomaev. According to him, the new production facilities will increase production from three to 18 (and subsequently to 44 units) reversers per year.
In June 2022, the head of the Ministry of Industry and Trade Denis Manturov announced that Aeroflot plans to agree on the acquisition of 300 MS-21, Tu-214 and Sukhoi Superjet 100 aircraft. The minister also said that by 2030 more than a thousand aircraft will be delivered to Russia for the needs of civil aviation.
As the general director of the United Aircraft Corporation (UAC) Yuri Slyusar noted, mass production of SSJ New aircraft, which will consist almost entirely of Russian parts, and MS-21 with Russian engines is planned to be launched in 2024.[3]
The first flight of the import-substituted Sukhoi Superjet 100 is scheduled for mid-2023
The first flights of the import-substituted Sukhoi Superjet 100 aircraft are scheduled for mid-2023. This was announced on August 15, 2022 by the general director of the United Aircraft Corporation (UAC) Yuri Slyusar.
According to him, the UAC intends to replace the Superjet (SSJ) 100 Russian-French SaM-146 engines with Russian PD-8. Minister of Industry and Trade Denis Manturov previously instructed to speed up work in this direction in order to certify the component in a year or 14 months.
Slyusar called the extension of the airworthiness of the SSJ100 "for the longest possible period" the primary task of the UAC.
| | The option of remotorization for new engines also exists, we are working on it: we communicate with airlines, with leasing companies. It is clear that these are additional costs that need to be samorticized, - he clarified (quoted by Interfax). | |
According to the corporation, the cost of replacing foreign components, which currently account for about 70% of all SSJ100 components, will amount to about 50 billion rubles. This amount does not include the cost of the engines.
On August 1, 2022, the general director of the Irkut corporation, Andrei Boginsky, announced the delivery of the first two import-replaced Superjet New aircraft until the end of 2023.
According to him, in March 2023, the first flight of the Superjet New experimental aircraft should take place, for this, in October-November of this year, Irkut should start flying at the Il-76 flying laboratory with the PD-8 engine, which is included in the Superjet New package.
The issue of import substitution in civil aviation is relevant against the background of the refusal to cooperate with Russian airlines of world leaders Airbus and Boeing, which followed Moscow's decision to launch a special military operation in Ukraine. Due to sanctions, the ability to purchase spare parts for existing foreign aircraft is also limited.[4]
2020
Import substitution plan for 97% of foreign components
The head of Rostec, Sergei Chemezov, announced in December 2020 that the state corporation intends to start production of the updated Sukhoi Superjet 100 aircraft, replacing about 97% of foreign components in it. According to him, first of all, the new version of the aircraft will replace the Russian-French Sam146 engine with a completely Russian PD-8. In addition, the aircraft also plans to replace onboard equipment and units.
Honeywell equipment supply halt due to U.S. sanctions
Russian aircraft were SSJ100 left without spare parts. We are talking about the supply of airborne electronic equipment manufactured by the American company Honeywell. The reason for the disruption of supplies was anti-Russian sanctions. Interruptions with components have been observed since the beginning of the year.
Rostec will sell itself 60 Superjets for money from the budget
In May 2020, it became known that the leadership of the Russian aircraft industry found a solution to the problem of the lack of demand for the Sukhoi SuperJet 100 - the first passenger airliner created in the country after the collapse of the USSR.
The state corporation Rostec, which owns the United Aircraft Corporation (UAC), which includes the manufacturer of "superjets" Irkut, will sell 60 cars to itself.
The planes will be leased by Red Wings, which is also owned by Rostec (through the UAC).
To finance the transaction, federal budget money will be required - about 100 billion rubles in the form of subsidies and guarantees for the buyer of cars, who will subsequently lease them.
It may also be Aviakapital Service, which is part of Rostec. Other contenders for money are VEB and represented by a subsidiary of VEB-Leasing and owned by the Ministry of Transport of GTLK.
2019
FAS: The operation of SSJ100 costs almost 2 times more expensive than foreign analogues
In August 2019, the FAS proposed to remove expenses from airlines for the downtime of SSJ100 superjets. To do this, it is proposed to change leasing agreements and introduce state subsidies in order to exclude the rise in the cost of air tickets.
Antitrust officers checked 51 Aeroflot routes and found that the cost of tickets for flights SSJ100 exceeds the average market by 20%. It turns out that the operation of a new medium-haul Russian aircraft costs almost 2 times more expensive than that of foreign counterparts. The costs are 7 rubles per seat-kilometer against the average rate of 4 rubles.
The high cost of operation is caused by the long downtime of these aircraft in anticipation of spare parts and repairs. In mid-July 2019, one of the SSJ operators, Yamal Airlines, stated that it could not use half of the 15 airliners of this model from its fleet, and lost up to 1 billion rubles a year on leasing idle aircraft.
The largest operator of the new model of the liner, Aeroflot, also began to include its costs in the cost of air tickets. The situation will worsen, given that at this time there are 49 airliners in the fleet of the Russian flagship, and another 100 should arrive by 2026.
The essence of the FAS proposal is to transfer the costs of developing a service system for new aircraft from airlines to the manufacturer of this liner. Otherwise, aviators will pass on their costs to passengers, which will inevitably lead to an increase in the cost of tickets in the directions where the Superjet flies.
Catastrophe at Sheremetyevo. 41 people died
On May 5, 2019, an emergency landing of an Aeroflot aircraft occurred at Sheremetyevo, which came to a fire on board.
Video from Sheremetyevo cameras: "Superjet" hits the strip at high speed, jumps up, then beats again and lights up.
37 of the 78 people on board survived.
Multiple incidents
SSJ 100 incidents:
April 2019:
- On April 5, the Gazpromavia flight SSJ Moscow - Novy Urengoy was delayed due to a malfunction. A new aircraft was provided.
- departure of flight SU 1351 Voronezh - Moscow was postponed for almost eleven hours due to a technical failure.
March 2019: At Sheremetyevo, Sukhoi Superjet 100 of Aeroflot the company "" made an emergency landing due to a cracked windshield.
February 2019:
- The SuperJet 100 airliner, which was flying from Tyumen, touched a lamppost with its wing after landing at the capital's Domodedovo airport.
- On February 6, the Gazpromavia flight SSJ Ufa - Novy Urengoy was delayed due to a malfunction. A new aircraft was provided.
As the Vedomosti newspaper noted earlier, many Superjets cannot fly due to premature engine failures - components fail faster than the manufacturer promises.
Which airlines in Russia use 167 aircraft SSJ100
From 2011 to August 2018, 167 copies of the SSJ100 were released. According to open sources, Superjet is used by the following Russian airlines, organizations and agencies:
Aeroflot - received 50 units out of 150 ordered;
Yamal - 15 units out of 25 ordered are operated;
Gazprom Avia - ten units in operation;
"Azimuth" - eight units in operation;
"IrAero" - eight units in operation;
"Yakutia" - in operation five units;
"RusJet" - one copy is operated;
FSBI "Special Flight Detachment" Russia "- two units in operation;
EMERCOM of Russia - two units of eight ordered are operated;
Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia - one copy is operated.
2018: Multiple incidents
October 2018: The Aeroflot Sukhoi Superjet 100, heading from Moscow to Khanty-Mansiysk, returned to Sheremetyevo for a technical reason. According to preliminary data, the aircraft's landing gear non-release sensor worked.
October 2018: Sukhoi Superjet 100 plane rolls out of runway in Yakutia
July 2018: A Sukhoi Superjet 100 test aircraft landed without a landing gear in Ramenskoye near Moscow.
June 2018: A Superjet 100 plane en route from Irkutsk to St. Petersburg made an emergency landing at Barnaul airport. According to preliminary data, a possible cause of the incident was a false fire alarm on board.
2012: Indonesia crash: Plane crashes into mountain
On May 9, 2012, the crash of the newest Russian Sukhoi Superjet 100 aircraft, developed by Sukhoi Civil Aircraft (GSS), which is part of the Sukhoi holding, occurred in Indonesia.
The short-haul aircraft Sukhoi SuperJet-100 (SSJ-100) Asia arrived in the Indonesian capital Jakarta on May 9, 2012 as part of a six-country demonstration tour.
Earlier, the plane visited Myanmar, Pakistan and Kazakhstan, where it was shown to members of the governments of these states and military leadership. After Indonesia, two more Asian countries were scheduled to visit: Laos and Vietnam.
From Jakarta's Halim-Perdanakusuma airport, the liner was supposed to make two departures lasting half an hour each.
The first flight was successful. About 20 minutes after the start of the second flight, at 14.35 local time (11.30 Moscow time), the aircraft disappeared from the screens.
Communication with the aircraft was lost when it was located in the Salak mountain area in West Java, 59 kilometers from the airport.
The emergency beacon of the international COSPAS-SARSAT system of the Superjet-100 missing from the radar did not respond at any frequency - there were no signals from the board from the splashdown, collision with altitude and emergency frequency sensors.
Shortly before the loss of communication, the plane requested permission to descend from a height of 10 thousand feet (about three kilometers) to six thousand (about 1.8 kilometers). He received permission and began to turn right and decline.
According to observation from space, during the flight of a Russian airliner SSJ-100 the slope of Mount Salak was completely tightened by clouds.
The height of the cloud cover exceeded 11 kilometers.
There were 45 people on board: eight Russians, one Frenchman, one citizen, USA two Italians, the rest of the passengers were Indonesian citizens.
The plane was piloted by an experienced crew: chief pilot of Sukhoi Civil Aircraft Alexander Yablontsev and co-pilot Alexander Kochetkov.
Alexander Yablontsev stood at the origins of the creation of SSJ-100 and participated in all his flight tests: on May 19, 2008, he first took this new liner to the sky. Yablontsev had a flight time of more than nine thousand hours, during his flight career he mastered more than 80 types of aircraft.
Alexander Kochetkov, test pilot of the GSS, joined the SSJ-100 project in 2010 after testing at Yakovlev Design Bureau OJSC. During his flight career, he mastered more than 20 types of aircraft, among which were fighters, transport and civilian airliners. In parallel with testing activities, he worked as a line pilot in civil aviation airlines. He had a flight time of over 2.7 thousand hours, in particular, more than a thousand hours on tests.
In addition, navigator Oleg Shvetsov, flight engineer Alexei Kirkin, leading flight test engineer Denis Rakhimov were on board. Also, Nikolai Martyshchenko, deputy head of the flight test center of the GSS complex, Yevgeny Grebenshchikov, sales director of the GSS company, and Kristina Kurzhupova, contract manager, went on a demonstration flight.
The Indonesian authorities have put forward a version of a possible hijacking of an aircraft.
However, the main version of the liner crash soon became the main one. The inactive crater Kavah Ratu, located at an altitude of over two kilometers from sea level on the northern slope of the Salak stratovolcano, was named the most likely crash site.
The search operation launched in the area was greatly complicated by rain and darkness. About 250 Indonesian military and police officers were involved in the ground search.
On May 10, Indonesian rescuers found a missing Sukhoi SuperJet-100 plane at an altitude of 5,200 feet (1.6 kilometers). SSJ-100 crashed into the vertical slope of the mountain, some of the fragments remained on the slope, some fell down.
Rescuers of Russia the Ministry of Emergency Situations found in the crash area of the Russian Sukhoi SuperJet-100 a total of over 120 fragments of the aircraft.
In search of the wreckage of the plane and the remains of the dead, Russian rescuers made 50 descents into the gorge, examined about 1.7 thousand square meters of territory.
On May 15, the Indonesian authorities officially recognized that there were no SSJ-100 survivors of the crash of the Russian liner.
On May 16, a recorder of a crashed plane was found at the bottom of a gorge about 500 meters deep.
The high quality of recording the negotiations of the pilots of the crashed Superjet-100 made it possible to reproduce all the information about the last flight of the aircraft until the moment the aircraft hit the rock.
After analyzing the data, the experts came to the conclusion: before the collision with the mountain, all the aircraft systems worked normally.
The Ground Collision Warning System (TAWS) signalled a dangerous approach to the ground before the crash, followed by six ground collision danger warning signals. The crew commander turned off the TAWS, as he considered that the cause of its operation was a database problem.
According to experts, the pilot had 24 seconds after the first signal of the TAWS system to possibly prevent a crash.
The examination confirmed the absence of traces of alcohol, drugs and illegal drugs in the remains of the bodies of both pilots of the Russian liner.
Indonesian and Russian experts conducted an investigation into the plane crash jointly.
On December 18, 2012, the official results of the investigation into the crash of the Russian SSJ-100 aircraft in West Java were announced. Neither the crew of the crashed Russian liner, nor the Indonesian dispatchers allowed direct deviations from the rules of flight, the cause of the disaster was a combination of circumstances that were not critical separately.
Russian and Indonesian experts agreed that several factors caused the crash: the actions of the crew of the liner, the lack of reliable data on the terrain, inattention and overload of Indonesian dispatchers.
The crew of the aircraft ignored the warning of the system about a collision with the ground. The radar in Jakarta did not set minimum altitude limits for the aircraft on which the vector was set. The radars themselves did not have a sound warning system for the minimum altitude required when flying in the area of Mount Salak. The pilot's attention was distracted by additional non-flight conversations.
Indonesian dispatch services, when transferring control to and from Jakarta Airport, believed that the plane was flying to another training area, and in front of them the Su-30 of the Indonesian Air Force. In addition, the Indonesian dispatcher discovered the disappearance of the Russian airliner SSJ-100 from radar screens only 24 minutes after the crash.
2011: First aircraft commissioned
In 2011, the first production aircraft was SSJ100 commissioned.
2008
The first flight of the Sukhoi Superjet 100 took place in May 2008.
2007
September 26, 2007 at 12 pm local time in Komsomolsk-on-Amur, the official presentation ("rollout") of the first prototype Sukhoi Superjet 100 took place.
Notes
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