Data Economics and Digital Transformation of the State (National Project)

2024

The Ministry of Digital Development named the main differences between the national project "Data Economics" and "Digital Economy" and key projects with indicators

The national program "Digital Economy" is replaced by the national project "Data Economics and Digital Transformation of the State." Its goals and indicators are somewhat different from those contained in the "Digital Economy." On May 18, 2024, as part of the Russia exhibition-forum at VDNKh at an event organized by the Ministry of Digital Development, Communications and Mass Media, Maksut Shadayev, as well as his deputies, spoke about the priorities and key directions of the Data Economics national project.

New challenges

Digital transformation has been preserved as one of the most important national goals, but the tasks of achieving it have been significantly clarified and expanded. If the Digital Economy indicated 4 main tasks that need to be solved by 2030, then the Data Economy already has 11 tasks. Accordingly, the framework of priorities was greatly expanded, the minister noted.

Among the new tasks are those related to information security, the sustainability of infrastructure, and the Internet. A task related to reducing crimes committed using digital technologies was also added. One of the new tasks is related to the formation of the big data market, while it is separately stipulated that it should be formed while ensuring the protection of data.

In addition, the task of creating an HR platform for the entire system of state and municipal service was added. It will make it possible to more efficiently select candidates for work in authorities, evaluate work, develop employees, etc.

The task that was solved within the framework of the "Digital Economy" - the translation of socially significant services into electronic form - was also clarified. If in the previous version it was indicated that 95% of mass services should be transferred to electronic form in 2030, now the indicator is set at 99%. Collectively, for 100 services, by 2030, the principles of proactive provision and provision of results should be introduced at the time of appeal of the applicant citizen. And all this is required to be done on the basis of large platform solutions, added Maksut Shadayev. This is the actual transition to full "online," which has been talked about a lot.

The new task is that the share of citizens who are satisfied with the work of state and municipal employees, as well as employees of the social sphere: health, education, culture, etc. should increase by half. "We must halve the number of happy citizens who highly appreciate the quality of work of both authorities and institutions," the minister said.

The task of forming and ensuring the digital maturity of key sectors of the economy was supplemented by the fact that this digital maturity should be ensured on the basis of the massive introduction of digital platforms and the transition to the use of big data, AI, machine learning.

And finally, there is a traditional task related to ensuring the availability of fast Internet. It was also clarified: it is necessary to increase not only territorial accessibility, but also the average speed of the Internet. This is planned to be achieved, including through the active development of satellite Internet access technologies.

There are more priorities, more tasks, many indicators have become much more ambitious. Therefore, we have a lot of work to do, - concluded Maksut Shadayev.

Data Transmission Infrastructure

As part of the direction for the development of the data transmission and processing infrastructure, the continuity of the main directions of the development of telecom infrastructure has been preserved, said Deputy Head of the Ministry of Digital Development Dmitry Ugnivenko. By 2030, it is planned to create and put into orbit a low-orbit grouping of high-speed Internet, which will provide high-speed, cheap and fast Internet with low delay throughout Russia and beyond. Including - in remote settlements, as well as on mobile facilities. A total of 288 permanent spacecraft are planned in orbit, and 386 are planned to be launched by 2030. Some will replace others at the end of their useful life.

Work will be carried out to modernize the existing geostationary grouping. 8 satellites are ending their active life and will be replaced by new devices, which will ensure the continuous provision of broadcasting and satellite Internet services.

Work will also continue on the construction of fiber-optic lines in remote areas of Russia. According to Dmitry Ugnivenko, almost 11 thousand km of fiber optic lines will be built in 9 constituent entities of the Russian Federation by approximately 2030, and over 130 thousand people will have access to modern telecom services. At the same time, the subjects are very different - there are areas where operators, on their own initiative, if they reach, then very soon, and support is important here. states

One of the areas of work is the growth of the average speed of Internet access in large cities. 70% of apartment buildings should be able to use the Internet at a speed of 1 GB/s and higher.

The Russian Post is also allocated in a separate direction. The modernization and repair of its departments will continue, especially in remote and rural settlements.

We will also work to help the Post compensate for the loss that they have when providing a layer of socially significant services, says Dmitry Ugnivenko.

And in the "Safe City" region, a single video surveillance platform will be created, which will allow collecting video streams from regional platforms across all constituent entities of the Russian Federation. A single flexible contact center is also conceived here, which in the event of an emergency will allow you to transfer the voice load from one subject to another.

Domestic telecom equipment

"Data Economics" includes a project to create domestic telecom equipment. His goals until 2030 were cited by the deputy head of the Ministry of Digital Science Andrei Zarenin:

• Develop and start production of GSM/LTE/5G standard base station equipment
• improve the software for the core of the mobile network of LTE/5G standards for public networks;
• launch testing of equipment on networks of telecom operators in real conditions;
• create a reserve to ensure the technological sovereignty of Russia in critical high-tech industries - wired and wireless.

The deputy minister noted that the situation in the field of wired communication networks with equipment is quite good, which cannot be said about the wireless segment - here all networks are still built on vendor foreign equipment. But there is progress here: domestic base stations are already being tested by telecom operators, and from 2025 it is planned to start their serial production.

Andrei Zarenin cited data that over 6 thousand engineers are working on the project, some of whom previously worked for foreign vendors in the Russian Federation, such as IBM, Cisco, Nokia, Ericsson, Intel.

Public services

Plans for the development of existing projects in the field of public services until 2030 were announced by Oleg Kachanov:

• Consent platform - 40% of consent to the processing of personal data in electronic form is given on Public services;
• Gosdoki - 14 services operate on the basis of the Gosdoki technology, 80 million presentations of information in the Public services application;
• State key - 30% of State Public services users use an electronic signature in the State Key application;
• Public services - 100 services on the portal are provided proactively or completely online, 200 services are available online;
• Feedback platform - 60% of requests in electronic form are sent through the POS;
• Gosweb - 130 thousand official websites of bodies and organizations in 88 regions were created on the platform;
• Public services House - 250 million payment documents are delivered in the application, 500 million readings of counters are transmitted;
• Auto public services - 70% of accidents are issued electronically;
• Pushkin card - 46 million downloads of the application, 34.4 million purchases using the Pushkin Card;
• Fan card - 4.35 million downloads of the application, 5.8 million cards issued.

It is planned to create new digital platforms:

• for students;
• for tourists;
• in the field of sports;
• for freight transportation;
• to support the business.

Among the interesting initiatives is the creation of a unified social map (ESC). The main idea of ​ ​ its application is that immediately at the time of payment, transaction, the right to a particular benefit or support measure is confirmed. For example, free or discounted travel.

Another initiative is a mobile application for migrants. It is planned to create it so that when entering the Russian Federation, any foreign citizen, as a priority, passes simplified biometrics and confirms it after crossing the border. The mobile application will allow the migrant to receive in electronic form the key services and services that he is entitled to. It is planned that by 2030 12 services and services will be available with the mandatory use of a mobile application for migrants, and the total number of its uses will reach 40 million times a year.

AI

An important place in "Data Economics" is occupied by AI technologies. The Ministry of Economic Development expects that the implementation of all the measures laid down in the strategy will allow Russia to enter the top five countries of the world in terms of basic AI metrics by 2030. The main thing now is not only to maintain positions, but also to improve them, taking into account the growing competition at the level of business and states, said Maxim Kolesnikov, Deputy Minister of Economic Development.

Key indicators for the development of AI in Russia until 2030:

• 11.2 trillion rubles - GDP growth due to the introduction of AI technologies
• 850 billion rubles - the annual amount of expenses of organizations for the introduction and use of AI technologies;
• at least 95% of priority sectors of the economy with a high value of the index of readiness for the introduction of AI technologies;
• up to 60 billion rubles - the annual volume of services provided for the development and implementation of AI solutions;
• more than 1 exaflops - the total power of supercomputers in Russia;
• more than 15.5 thousand graduates of higher education programs in the field of AI per year;
• at least 80% of employees with AI skills;
• at least 80% is the level of citizens' confidence in AI technologies.

Personnel

Sergey Kuchushev, Deputy Head of the Ministry of Digital Development, spoke about educational projects:

• The code of the future is a project that allows schoolchildren in grades 8-11 to join programming. Take courses, with 3 different levels (primary, secondary, professional), and gain knowledge. The development of this project will continue. Three new modules will be launched: robotics, electronics, artificial intelligence.
• Digital educational content - access to verified digital educational content from leading domestic developers for use in the educational process. Thanks to this project, in 2 years the number of people who pass the Unified State Exam in computer science has already increased by 48%.
• Student education with participation of IT companies. The task is to ensure a seamless transition of IT students to work in IT companies. It is planned that by 2030 there will be 139.5 thousand students studying with the participation of IT companies.
• Training of highly qualified IT personnel. Strengthening IT education in universities, training middle-level IT specialists and senior for IT companies. The Ministry of Digital Development expects that by 2030 25 thousand students will be accepted for training programs for top IT specialists. 210 thousand - to be trained as IT developers.

Support measures

• ON Development and PAC support. The goals of this project are a preferential tax rate for IT companies, an increased tax ratio for R&D expenses and preferential lending.
• It is planned that by 2030 additional investments of IT companies in the development of Russian software and PAC will amount to 174 billion rubles, 150 projects will be supported by preferential loans.
• Support for the implementation of Russian software and PAC. The goals of the project are to stimulate customers to use Russian software and PAC. Support measures: an increased coefficient in calculating income tax, the provision of grants and preferential loans for the revision and implementation of Russian IT solutions and import substitution.
• By 2030, it is expected that the growth rate of purchases of domestic software and services for its implementation in companies will amount to 210%, more than 50 particularly significant projects will be supported by grants, 215 projects will receive preferential loans for implementation.

Support for IT startups. Project objectives:

• IT startup acceleration programs to increase their investment attractiveness and business competencies.
• Grants to IT startups to develop competitive digital products.
• Allocation of quotas by state-owned companies for the purchase and implementation of startup solutions included in the software register
• Regulatory measures aimed at simplifying the attraction of private investment in startups
• By 2030, more than 500 venture capital transactions involving private capital, 600 IT startups are expected, acceleration programs will be held, 990 projects will be supported by grants for the development and development of digital solutions.
• Maintain and develop IT workforce. The goal of the project is to improve the living conditions of IT specialists with specialized education. By 2030, we expect that more than 185 thousand people will receive a preferential IT mortgage.

INFORMATION SECURITY

Deputy Head of the Ministry of Digital Science Alexander Shoitov cited further areas of work in the field of cybersecurity:

• The creation of a unified platform for coordinating activities to combat IT crimes, which will be integrated with the Antifrod and Antifishing systems, as well as with banking platforms.
• The introduction of negotiable fines for those who do not protect personal data well enough.
• Multiscaner. Public file verification service for citizens and organizations. A system that contains several antivirus engines from our leading companies. This is the most modern system for coordinating and countering virus attacks.
• Assessment of the real level of security of key GIS. Attracting commercial companies to pentester government information systems and the bug bounty program. For 2030, an indicator of 70 state information systems is planned annually, in respect of which pentests and bug bounty were held.

The costs of the national project are estimated at 1.6 trillion rubles

On April 23, 2024, it became known that the Russian government had determined the costs of the implementation of the national project "Data Economics and Digital Transformation of the State," designed for the period until 2030. Total costs are estimated at 1.6 trillion rubles, of which up to 1 trillion rubles can amount to budget funds.

According to the Kommersant newspaper, the named national project replaces the Digital Economy program, which ends in 2024. The Ministry of Digital Development is responsible for the implementation of the new initiative: the action plan is formed "taking into account the opinion of interested departments and the market, as well as based on the available financing opportunities." The national project includes a number of key areas, among which are named:

• "Development of the national infrastructure for data transmission and processing" - 566.6 billion rubles, of which 350.3 billion rubles will be extra-budgetary funds;
• "Artificial intelligence" - 388 billion rubles, including 187.8 billion rubles of extrabudgetary funds;
• "Creation and development of digital platforms" - 368.1 billion rubles;
• "Support for new developments and their implementation" - 134.4 billion rubles, including 45.5 billion rubles of extrabudgetary funds;
• "Development of promising technologies" - 81.1 billion rubles, including 37.6 billion rubles of extrabudgetary funds;
• "Information security" - 40.5 billion rubles, including 12.5 billion rubles of extrabudgetary funds;
• "Training for the data economy" - 64.9 billion rubles, including 2 billion rubles of extrabudgetary funds;
• "Development of the IT infrastructure of social facilities" - 34.8 billion rubles.

The Russian government has determined the costs of the implementation of the national project "Data Economics and Digital Transformation of the State"

Each federal project, as noted, includes the modernization of existing solutions and programs, as well as the creation of new ones. The development of the national infrastructure for data transmission and processing provides for the modernization of satellite communications, data centers, etc. In the direction of AI, it is planned to increase the capacity of supercomputers located on the territory of the Russian Federation, conduct hackathons and develop specialized personnel.^[1]

National project "Data Economics" will add 11.2 trillion rubles to Russia's GDP

The national project "Data Economics" will add 11.2 trillion rubles GDP Russia by 2030. This was Dmitry Chernyshenko announced by the Deputy Prime Minister on April 17, 2024 at a plenary meeting of one of the conferences on technologies in the field of data analysis and. artificial intelligence

Within the framework of it [the national project "Data Economics"], we set the task to cover all the main spheres of the economy and public administration with digital platforms, which will become the basis for performing government functions and providing services using the latest technologies, including AI. We must ensure the transition of the entire state IT infrastructure and most systems of our enterprises to domestic solutions, - said the Deputy Prime Minister (quoted by Kommersant).

Deputy Prime Minister Dmitry Chernyshenko

According to the presentation of Dmitry Chernyshenko, within the framework of the implementation of the national project "Data Economics," the volume of the data market by 2030 will occupy up to 7% of Russia's GDP, the volume of services in the field of AI will grow five times, eight times it is planned to increase the level of AI introduction in sectors of the economy, from 1% to 6% the increase in income of industries is laid, up to 16% - an increase in energy efficiency. In addition, according to the Deputy Prime Minister, the number of graduates in applied programs in the field of artificial intelligence will be increased fivefold. Russia is already becoming a "regulatory paradise for domestic and foreign companies," Chernyshenko said.

He also noted that within the framework of the national project "Data Economics," up to 80% of companies in Russia should switch to domestic software. 7 times it is planned to increase the amount of organizations' costs for the use of AI technologies - up to 850 billion rubles. At the same time, Chernyshenko did not rule out that measures for the development of AI can be allocated to a separate national project.^[2]

Russian President Vladimir Putin instructed the government to develop a national project "Data Economics and Digital Transformation of the State"

Russian President Vladimir Putin instructed to develop the national project "Data Economics and Digital Transformation of the State." This is stated in the list of instructions published on March 30, 2024, which the head of state gave as part of his message to the Federal Assembly.

The Government of the Russian Federation to develop a national project "Data Economics and Digital Transformation of the State," providing: financing in 2025-2030 for the implementation of this national project from the budget allocations of the federal budget in the amount of at least 700 billion rubles, - said on the Kremlin website.

Vladimir Putin instructed to develop a national project "Data Economics and Digital Transformation of the State"

Prime Minister Mikhail Mishustin has been appointed responsible for this order, which must be fulfilled before September 1, 2024. According to Putin's instructions, the national project "Data Economics and Digital Transformation of the State" must include measures that will ensure:

• growth rates in 2025-2030. investments in domestic solutions in the field of information technology are twice the growth rate of Russia's GDP;
• the formation by 2030 of digital platforms in all key sectors of the economy and social sphere, as well as in the field of public administration;
• Support companies and startups that develop and manufacture data storage and processing equipment, as well as create software;
• increasing the share of mass socially significant state and municipal services provided in electronic form in a proactive mode using, among other things, artificial intelligence technologies in the total volume of such services;
• an increase by 2030 in the total capacity of domestic supercomputers by at least 10 times;
• the possibility of high-quality high-speed Internet access by 2030 to at least 97% of households, including through mobile and satellite communications.^[3]

Putin announced the costs of the national project "Data Economics" - 700 billion rubles until 2030

On February 29, 2024, the president Russia Vladimir Putin , during the announcement of the message to the Federal Assembly, announced the launch of the national project "Data Economics." According to the head, states 700 billion will be allocated for it rubles by 2030.

As Putin noted, the national project "Data Economics" is aimed at a comprehensive solution to the problems that appear in the process of digitalization. For the state, according to the president, such technologies open up huge opportunities for planning the development of the economy of certain industries, regions and cities, as well as for managing state programs and national projects.

[Vladimir Putin]

And most importantly, we will be able to continue to build the work of all levels of government around the interests of every person, every family; provide state and municipal services to citizens and businesses proactively, in a convenient format with the fastest possible result, "the Russian leader explained (quoted by Interfax).

He called for the formation of digital platforms in all key sectors of the economy and social sphere. According to Putin, these and other complex tasks will be solved within the framework of the national project "Data Economics."

Speaking with a message to the Federal Assembly, Vladimir Putin called artificial intelligence an important element of digital platforms. In this area, Russia should be self-sufficient and competitive, the president said.

Oleg Hyatsintov, technical director of DIS Group, in a conversation with Izvestia, noted that the Data Economics national project affects data work not only at the central level, but also in every department and in every region. According to the expert, the implementation of the project's tasks will require industrial solutions for data management, data quality, master data management and their protection.^[4]

Putin included "Artificial Intelligence" in the national project on data economics

Russian President Vladimir Putin signed a decree by which he included the federal project "Artificial Intelligence" in the national project "Data Economics." The corresponding document was published on February 15, 2024. Read more here.

The Ministry of Digital Development told about the priorities for the development of information security within the framework of the national project "Data Economics"

Deputy Minister of Digital Development, Communications and Mass Media Alexander Shoitov on February 7, 2024 summed up the preliminary results of the federal program "Information Security," which was implemented within the framework of the national program "Digital Economy." This year it should be completed, but it is already possible to summarize the first results and outline further ways to implement the information security policy.

Alexander Shoitov summed up the results in the direction of information security within the framework of the "Digital Economy" at "Infoforum-2024"

To create an information security infrastructure within the framework of the relevant direction, the Ministry of Digital Development implemented such projects as the construction of a national certification center, a state center for security analysis, an industry center of State system of detection, prevention and elimination of consequences of computer attacks, an Antifishing system designed to search and block substitution sites, Multiskaner and the National Technological Center for Digital Cryptography.

An assessment of the security and pilot testing of some state information systems was also carried out, and then penetration testing and a commercial vulnerability search program (Bug Bounty) were organized. In addition, a project called "Cybergygiena" was implemented within the framework of the program, under which events were held to raise awareness of citizens.

Now a new national project is being formed - "Data Economics," the development of which was received last year by the President of the Russian Federation. It should be implemented from 2025 to 2030. and include, among other things, measures to ensure the information security of the technologies being developed. The national project is supposed to organize the entire life cycle of data processing: collecting data from IoT devices, transmitting them over the network, data centers and a data platform - artificial intelligence. For each there are end-to-end directions: science, personnel, regulatory regulation.

It is planned to integrate the solution of information security problems into the "Data Economy." Alexander Shoitov invited interested organizations and departments to participate in the process of forming the project. However, the first task of "Data Economics" is the development of those technologies that were already in the "Digital Economy."

In particular, according to the deputy minister, it is necessary to develop the regulation of the activities of the national certification center. It is envisaged to develop legislation under which the transition to Russian encryption algorithms should be carried out. In addition, it is planned to organize the signing of program codes and sites to ensure their integrity. For the Gostech platform, it is necessary to create a separate State system of detection, prevention and elimination of consequences of computer attacks center with the highest level of protection.

In 2024, it is planned to adopt a federal law that would allow organizing access to impersonal data of citizens, including with geo-positioning for training artificial intelligence. It is necessary to develop mechanisms so that solutions built with its help would have minimal risks of information security and data leaks.

In addition, the plans include the continuation of the Multiskaner project, as a result of which a state system for countering malicious software will be built. It will be used both in state IPs and will become available to all citizens. This will be an analogue of the American project Virus Total, where anyone can check the suspicious code for its malware.

It should be noted that the "Data Economy" assumes the widespread introduction of promising technologies such as IoT, big data and artificial intelligence. In these technologies, according to Alexander Shoitov, it is necessary in the early stages of the life cycle, and preferably right when developing, embed methods and mechanisms for data protection.

2023

Mishustin instructed the Ministry of Digital Development to develop measures to identify inaccurate data

In December 2023, Prime Minister Mikhail Mishustin gave instructions following a strategic session dedicated to the national project "Data Economics." One of them involves working out measures to identify inaccurate data, including those generated using artificial intelligence. The Ministry of Digital Science of the Russian Federation must fulfill this order by March 19, 2024.

As reported on the website of the Cabinet, the plan of regulatory legal support for the implementation of the new national project for 2024-2026 Ministry of Digital Development instructed to prepare by March 28, 2024. The Ministry of Economic Development and ANO "Digital Economy" will take part in this work.

In addition, Ministry of Digital Development and the Ministry of Economic Development, when creating the Digital Code by April 17, 2024, should develop stimulating measures to support market participants aimed at improving the quality of data and their demand.

The government stressed that special attention in the instructions is paid to the quality of the data. So, the Ministry of Digital Industry and To Rosstat the Ministry of Digital Development of Economic Development will have to work out the development of standards in this area by February 16, 2023. Among the tasks is also the preparation of a classifier to ensure the unification of data for various sectors of the economy.

Finally, by March 19, 2023, Ministry of Digital Development will need to provide for measures to develop and produce domestic equipment for data transmission networks, assess the necessary and sufficient parameters of computing power, form a data market, rules for accessing and exchanging data.

It is noted that work on the national project "Data Economics" is being carried out on behalf of Russian President Vladimir Putin. As part of this work, by the end of 2023, long-term system solutions are being prepared aimed at creating a single digital infrastructure in key areas and industries, developing solutions for data processing and storage, transferring the economy and social sphere to new principles of work using a big data management system.^[5]

Over 25 billion rubles will be allocated for the development of state cybersecurity systems until 2030

The Ministry of Digital Development, Communications and Mass Media of the Russian Federation is going to invest about 25.2 billion rubles in the development of cybersecurity until 2030. Such data are given in the materials of the national project "Data Economics."

Of this amount, about 7.1 billion rubles is planned to be allocated to the introduction of a system to counter cyber incidents "" Multiscanner on the basis. State system of detection, prevention and elimination of consequences of computer attacks The creation of "Multiskaner" is engaged in the subordinate of the Russian Federation Ministry of Digital Development. National Digital Cryptography Technology Center "Antifrod" fraudulent calls Main Radio Frequency Center To Roskomnadzor "Anti-phishing" In general, it is planned to allocate 3.7 billion rubles for the development of state systems to counter (subordinate) and to block fraudulent sites (Ministry of Ministry of Digital Development). Another 2.4 billion rubles will be spent on assessing the external security of state information systems. At the same time, about 12 billion rubles will be allocated to support systems, reported cyber security on November 28, 2023. According to a Kommersant Kommersant source from the industry, IT we are talking about subsidies to trusted development centers under the Ministry of Digital Development. The Ministry of Digital Development^[6]

According to representatives of the department, the increase in funding will allow import substitution of all foreign means of protection. Thus, it is expected that the resources of Multiskaner will allow processing up to 90 million files per year, while the number of incidents related to security violations of key GIS will decrease to zero.

Ensuring information security is a priority issue for Russia, said Anton Nemkin, a member of the State Duma Committee on Information Policy, Information Technology and Communications.

"In the context of the geopolitical crisis, the critical, system-forming objects of our country must be effectively protected. Any cyber incident can lead, for example, to disruption of supplies and stagnation of production or to the loss of strategically important information for the country. Let me remind you that a recent report by Kaspersky Lab showed that Russia is among the leading countries in terms of the share of blocked malicious scripts and phishing pages in the industrial industry. Therefore, the issue of information security development is caused not only by the need to fill the niche left behind by the departed foreign vendors. This is also a strategically important issue of national security, "Aton Nemkin is convinced.

The second fork is the security of these citizens of Russia, the expert emphasized. In Russia, the problem of fraud, which is the result of data leaks, is still widespread.

A fundamental opportunity to reduce the number of such leaks is to build an effective information security architecture. The fact that such events are prioritized in the national project is a positive trend. Therefore, we will wait for concrete development steps in this part, "the parliamentarian concluded.

As part of the national project "Data Economics," up to 67 billion rubles will be allocated to equip social workers with tablets with the Russian OS

Minister of Digital Development, Communications and Mass Media Maksut Shadayev at a strategic session of the Government of Russia presented the national project "Data Economics," within the framework of which it is planned to allocate up to 67 billion rubles from the federal budget to provide social workers with tablets with a Russian operational system. This was announced on November 27, 2023 by the press service of the State Duma deputy RFAnton Nemkin. Read more here.

The national project "Data Economics" will be financed by new fees and excise taxes. He needs 1.5 trillion rubles

The national project "Data Economics" will be financed by new fees and excise taxes, in total it needs 1.5 trillion rubles. This is stated in the presentation, with which the Minister of Digital Development Maksut Shadayev spoke at a strategic session in the government on November 21, 2023.

As Vedomosti writes with reference to this document, the Ministry of Digital Development plans to finance the national project "Data Economics" by increasing frequency spectrum fees, reducing discounts on fines, introducing excise taxes on personal devices, recycling and eco-control fines for manufacturers, mining tax and commercialization of Electronic Government systems.

It also follows from the presentation that the most expensive events of the new national project will be the introduction of the cloud platform State that"" (according to the presentation, this is 142 billion rubles), the creation of a digital infrastructure of educational institutions (129 billion rubles), the development of the GPKS satellite communications group (80 billion rubles) and the Public services platform (78 billion rubles). It is planned to distribute funding by allocating subsidies (55% of the total amount of funds), concluding contracts, interbudgetary transfers (from, Ministry of Health, and Ministry of Education Ministry of Transport other departments) and providing grants and preferential loans.

It is reported that 10 federal projects will be included in the "Data Economy." The most expensive will be Digital Infrastructure, Artificial Intelligence, Digital Platforms in Public Administration - according to the presentation, it is planned to spend a total of more than 1 trillion rubles on these three areas. Moreover, the first two projects will account for almost half of the budget of the entire national project. In addition, the "Data Economics" will include the fedprojects "Systems and Networks of Data Transmission," "Personnel," "Infrastructure of Computing and Cloud Services," "Domestic Solutions in the Field of IT," "Development of Quantum Technologies," "Cybersecurity" and "Science."^[7]

Mishustin named the main directions of the new national project "Data Economics"

On November 21, 2023, the Prime Minister Mikhail Mishustin held a strategic session on the formation of the national project "Data Economics" and spoke about its main directions. According to the head of the Cabinet, Russia there is already a basis for the implementation of this initiative.

The head of state instructed us to prepare a national project on the formation of the data economy, which should be calculated by the end of the decade... Electronic ecosystems and online platforms are developing. Most socially significant objects are connected to the Internet. Trunk optical communication lines from Kaliningrad to Chukotka were built. We also support IT companies by providing benefits, grants, "Mishustin said.

According to him, within the framework of the national project "Data Economics," it is necessary to develop long-term and systemic solutions that should be aimed at modernizing the infrastructure. Another mandatory direction, as noted by the Chairman of the Government of the Russian Federation, is associated with the creation of a single digital infrastructure in all areas: health care, housing and communal services, education, power, transport. Such infrastructure will have to be introduced in each region, Mishustin stressed.

He also pointed to the need to form "modern and reliable data processing and storage solutions," including national cloud platforms. The Prime Minister noted that these should be precisely domestic products that are able to support the uninterrupted activities of authorities, enterprises and telecom operators.

Mishustin attributed information security to the next main direction of the Data Economics project:

Taking into account the growth of cyber attacks, it is necessary to provide for strengthening measures to strengthen the security of the national digital and critical infrastructure, apply advanced developments in the field of quantum computing and, of course, continue the introduction of systems related to artificial intelligence, electronic platforms, including in public administration, so that people and businesses can use services in a comfortable format without worrying about the safety of their personal data.[8]

Chernyshenko: Within the framework of the new national project "Data Economics," the development of communication systems is envisaged

The development of communication systems is provided for in the new national project "Data Economics," which will replace the national project "Digital Economy." This was announced on October 24, 2023 by Deputy Prime Minister Dmitry Chernyshenko.

On behalf of President Vladimir Putin, it is planned to launch a new national project "Data Economics" in Russia, which, among other things, provides for the development of communication systems. The creation and provision of reliable and high-quality work of such systems - the most advanced and import-independent - is the key vector of our joint work, the press service of the Cabinet of Ministers quoted Chernyshenko as saying.

According to the Deputy Prime Minister, in 2022, the start of the development of a strategy for the development of the communications industry until 2035 was launched, and "a special place in it is given to radio frequency support of the industry." Chernyshenko noted that for the country, the urgent task is to increase the efficiency of the management and use of the spectrum.

It is important to prevent restrictions in mobile networks due to increased traffic, as well as create conditions for the introduction of modern and promising technologies, he added.

The planned parameters of the national project "Data Economics" are planned to be approved by June 1, 2024. The head of the Ministry of Digital Development of the Russian Federation Maksut Shadayev announced this on October 10, 2023 during a meeting of the State Duma Committee on Information Technologies. According to him, the total decrease in funding from the federal budget for 2024 of the state program "Information Society" and the national project "Digital Economy" will be by 11%, in 2025 and 2026. funding under the state program will decrease by half, and the amount of planned spending on the national project will be slightly more than 25% of the limits of 2023. This is due to the general decision to develop the national project "Data Economics," Shadayev explained.^[9]

A single trusted data warehouse is being created in the Russian Federation

On October 9, 2023, it became known about the creation of a single trusted data warehouse in Russia. The implementation of these initiatives is planned within the framework of the national project "Data Economics."

As Vedomosti writes with reference to the presentation of the project, it is planned to create a single trusted data warehouse by 2030. By this time, "90% of the processed data in an impersonal or personalized form is available to the state, business and citizens in a single trusted source for the development of data driven public administration and business in the Russian Federation," the presentation says.

In itself, the concept of "data driven public administration" is a methodology for the development and implementation of state policy, in which decision-making and the formulation of political strategies are based on extensive data collection, analysis and use, explains Vyacheslav Vanyulin, general director of the Auriga IT company.

As part of this methodology, state bodies, politicians and regulators use data to understand the current situation, identify problems and potential solutions, as well as to assess the impact of politics on society, the expert explained.

In his opinion, the collection and processing of such a volume of data is technically possible using modern technologies, but requires powerful computing resources. In addition, in order to implement the initiative to create a single storage, it is necessary "to develop strict legislation that would guarantee the security of data and the protection of personal privacy," he continued.

The figure of 90% is hardly achievable, believes Anatoly Volkov, deputy general director of Reksoft. According to him, it is rather appropriate to talk about the emergence of a wide range of individual industry, and sometimes even niche sources of processed data.

At the same time, a significant part of the urgent tasks for each group of interested parties (state, business, citizens) can be closed precisely due to combinations of data sets from different sources, he added.[10]

Putin instructed to develop a national project to form a data economy

Russian President Vladimir Putin instructed the government to approve a national project to form a data economy for the period until 2030. The relevant information appeared on the Kremlin website on September 4, 2023.

One of the points of the order states that the Government of the Russian Federation should ensure the approval of a national project that includes measures in the field of data processing, such as data collection using highly sensitive sensors based on quantum sensors, data transmission and the development of new generation communication systems.

In addition, the national project should provide for the creation of an infrastructure for calculating and storing data using domestic equipment, technologies and software, including cloud platforms, data centers and computing power.

As part of the formation of the national project, provide tools for comprehensive support for the development of the digital economy, artificial intelligence, quantum computing and communications, as well as basic research in the field of computing technologies, the instruction says.

The President also instructed to determine the sources and annual amount of funding for the national project, including at the expense of the federal budget. Prime Minister Mikhail Mishustin has been appointed responsible. The deadline for fulfilling the order is July 1, 2024.

In mid-July 2023, Vladimir Putin said that new principles of the economy are necessary, including in connection with the threat to national security, which is dependent on foreign technological platforms.

We bought many critical technologies in this area, as they say, in someone else's store. A kind of supermarket of ready-made, someone made solutions. And at some point in front of us just closed the door tightly and hung the sign "closed." We have learned lessons, made the necessary conclusions, "said mister Putin, adding that the authorities and the ruling elites of some countries have declared the Russian Federation a" actual blockade, "the Russian[11] stressed[12]

Putin's statement on the creation of a national project

A national project "Data Economics" will appear in Russia - it will be prepared within a year. The press service of the Ministry of Digital Development of the Russian Federation announced this on July 13, 2023.

The need to create such a national project on July 13, 2023 was announced by Russian President Vladimir Putin.

Our fundamental task is to transfer the entire economy and management to qualitatively new principles of work on the basis of big data, - said the head of state.

According to him, this will increase the quality of work and productivity, help increase salaries, the availability of services and services.

At the same time, we should not just have scientific developments and basic solutions, but the entire technological and production chain, "Vladimir Putin emphasized.

The Ministry of Digital Development reported that within the framework of the new national project it is planned to focus on the following areas:

• Data collection. The main task is to develop the use of highly sensitive sensors, including quantum sensors. They are used not only in industry, but also in satellite and ground communication systems, in medicine. For example, such sensors allow you to detect diseases in the earliest stages.
• Data transfer and development of communication systems. Information should be transmitted in real time, without delay and at high speed. This is critical for the development of robotics, unmanned transport systems and automation of the urban environment.
• Data storage. First of all, we are talking about the development of domestic cloud platforms, data centers and computing power of our own production. For example, computers using quantum and photon technologies.
• Data security. It is necessary to continue work on technologies of quantum communications and quantum encryption. They help to repel any cyber attacks, both classical and using quantum computers. Thanks to such technologies, the security systems of the country will be invulnerable to hacking.
• Data standards and protocols. They are needed for security, for reliable processing and storage of data. Especially in terms of storing personal data of citizens. Including - using quantum cryptography technologies. 
• Data processing and analysis, open source repositories. Data analysis algorithms should be based on artificial intelligence technologies. It is important that this work is carried out on the basis of Russian software. It is necessary to develop domestic platforms and services that are needed for the joint work of programmers both from Russia and from other countries of the world.

Notes