PNIPU: Expert system for determining the degree of emergency of buildings

Main article: Decision Support Systems (DSS)

2022: Creation of a system that determines the accident rate of buildings

The Perm Polytechnic has created an expert system that determines the accident rate of buildings. The university announced this on June 2, 2022.

File:Пример отображения четких значений категории технического состояния (1).jpg

The category of technical condition, determined during engineering inspection of structures of buildings and structures, is the main criterion in making a decision on the degree of accident or the need to carry out repair measures for further operation.

The accident estimate issued by the expert depends on the human factor, has some degree of error, inconsistency and uncertainty. For example, there is almost always an inaccuracy depending on the instrument base used and the qualifications of the specialist. In addition, uncertainty is also introduced by the insufficiency of the formulated assessment criteria in regulatory documents and the short GOST scale, which includes only four categories: normative, operable, limited operable or emergency. For the automated determination of the unsuitability of a construction object, scientists used analysis in the form of a description of many objects, concepts and connections between them.

The key feature of the theory of fuzzy logic, which distinguishes it from probabilistic methods, frames and, neural networks is that this is precisely logic with well-defined semantics, since linguistic variables are used to assess parameters, "said The Russian construction sciences Galina Kashevarova, Corresponding Member of the Academy of Architecture and Professor, Doctor of Technical Sciences, Head of the Department of Building Structures and Computational Mechanics of PNIPU.

Fuzzy set theory allows you to formalize and process the most heterogeneous information contained in the description of signs of the technical state of buildings, simulate reasoning such as "many," "little," "often," "rarely," "about...," "approximately...," "no less...," "no more...," "ranging from... to.... " In total, more than 90 possible monitored parameters are included in the program. And the knowledge base of the research module of the system contains more than 5,000 rules.

The assessment of the adequacy and reliability of decisions issued by the expert system was carried out on the basis of modeling scenarios for various damages to reinforced concrete bent structures, data from a number of technical reports based on the results of an engineering survey of real structures and own experience, "said Yuri Tonkov, Candidate of Technical Sciences, Associate Professor of the Department of Civil Structures and Computational Mechanics.

The result of the building evaluation - both at intermediate stages and final - is issued to the user in the form of histograms with grouping of characteristics by categories. Visualization of the results significantly increases the transparency of decisions made on the degree of accident, forms an understanding of the causes and risks of a possible change in the technical condition of structures, buildings or structures.

The development of Polytech researchers is actively used at the facilities of the Perm Territory to conduct an engineering survey of building structures.