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2025: The United States imposed tariffs of 20% on imports from China. China responded with additional tariffs of 10-15% on agricultural products from the United States
From March 4, 2025, 25% US duties on Canadian and Mexican imports, as well as 20% duties on Chinese imports, officially entered into force.
In response, China imposed additional tariffs of 10-15% on American agricultural products, and also added 15 American companies to the export control list.
American chicken, wheat, corn and cotton are subject to a duty of 15%.
2024
2nd in terms of imports to the United States with a 13% share
The 10 largest importers USA in 2024, according to the United States:
1. Mexico: $476 billion
2. China: $427 billion
3. Canada: $421 billion
4. Germany: $160 billion
5. Japan: $147 billion
6. South Korea: $116 billion
7. Vietnam: $114 billion
8. India: $84 billion
9. Ireland: $82bn
10. Italy: $73 billion
China's share of U.S. imports fell to mid-2010s levels amid the impact of the trade war.
But according to China, exports to the United States are more by $86 billion than believed in the United States.
The decline in Chinese imports to the United States to $503 billion in 12 months from a maximum of $649 billion. The United States has significantly improved the balance sheet
For the amount of 12 months, the total import of goods and services from China to the United States amounted to 503 billion as of 3Q24 and this is at least 10 years according to Spydell Finance calculations based on US trade statistics.
The maximum volume of imports was in 3Q22 at 12m moving amount - 639.3 billion (in 3Q24 a significant reduction of 21.3% from the maximum), and before the beginning of the escalation of trade wars at the end of 2018 - 608.5 billion.
Imports from China in 3Q24 rose to 141.8 billion (+ 9% YoY) to highs from 3Q22 in anticipation of worsening trade conditions and potential duties.
In the structure of imports, services account for 4.3%, and goods, respectively, 95.7%. There are three largest groups in the structure of goods:
- consumer goods - 48.8%,
- capital goods for business with the exception of auto - 32.8%,
- industrial goods and raw materials - 9.8%.
Exports of goods and services from the United States to China amounted to 219.2 billion, which is near an all-time high of 221.4 billion in 1Q23.
Before the start of the trade confrontation in mid-2018, American exports to China were over 216 billion, i.e. now comparable export volumes.
In the structure of American exports to China, services account for 24.2% and 77.8% of goods.
In the structure of goods export
- industrial goods and raw materials account for 34.1%,
- capital goods for business excluding transport - 32.3%,
- agricultural products and products - 16.1%.
As for the trade balance, there is improvement in favor of the United States. In 2017, when the verbal hardening of trade imbalances began, the trade deficit was 361 billion, in 2018 the first major sanctions against China went, but the trade deficit worsened up to 4q18 and reached 407 billion, then by 3q20 there was an improvement to 297 billion (largely due to trade misalignment and gaps during the COVID-19 pandemic), and by 3Q22, the deficit worsened to an absolute record of 420 billion.
Now the trade balance is still in deficit, but the levels are comparable to the middle of 2010 and the beginning of 2007 - 284 billion, and from 3q23 almost unchanged.
In four years, US President Biden's administration has largely maintained tariffs imposed in the Trump era and even added additional tariffs on Chinese goods such as electric cars and solar panels.
China bans supply of several minerals and 'dual-use' metals to US
In December 2024 China , it banned the supply of USA several minerals and "dual-use" metals used in the production of semiconductors and for military purposes, which was a quick response to Beijing export restrictions from the outside. Washington
The export of gallium, germany, antimony and superhard materials is prohibited, the PRC Ministry of Commerce said. Beijing also intends to impose stricter controls on the use of graphite products.
U.S. tariffs on Chinese steel coming through Mexico
In July 2024, the US administration announced new duties on Chinese steel and aluminum brought to the United States through Mexico.
According to the new rules, if steel coming to the United States from Mexico is not smelted and spilled in this country, then a duty of 25% will be imposed on it.
Aluminum products from Mexico should not contain primary aluminum smelted in China, Russia, Belarus or Iran. Otherwise, it will be subject to a duty of 10%.
However, such measures are not expected to affect Chinese exports much, at least in the short term. Last year, for example, only 1% of Chinese steel products were shipped to the States, while less than 3% of Chinese steel products were shipped to Mexico, Canada and the United States.
In general, the new duties can no longer be seen as an economic measure, but as a political tool used in the White House on the eve of the elections.
U.S. increases tariffs on $18 billion in Chinese goods: electric cars, semiconductors, solar panels, rare earth minerals
The United States continues to wage a trade war with China, launched by President Trump. In May 2024, new tariffs were introduced on Chinese goods worth more than $18 billion. President Biden said these measures counteract China's "unfair trade practices," focusing on industries where the United States strengthens domestic production.
Duties on electric vehicles have been increased from 25% to 100%, on semiconductors - from 25% to 50%, on solar panels - up to 50%, on medical syringes - up to 50%, on lithium-ion batteries - from 7.5% to 25%, on graphite and permanent magnets - up to 25% in the next two years, and on rare earth minerals introduced at 25%.
Chinese exports of lithium-ion batteries to the United States reached a record high of $1.9 billion in November 2024, as companies rushed to purchase products before the government lifted tax breaks.
2023
China leads trade surplus with U.S.
China's surge in U.S. shipments via Mexico to circumvent customs tariffs
In 2023 China , he bypassed American languid tariffs, supplying more goods through. Mexico
The data suggests difficulties for the U.S. in displacing Chinese exporters from American supply chains.
China-US trade slump by 12% in 11 months to $607 billion
The trade turnover of China and the United States in January-November 2023 decreased by 12.2% in annual terms, amounting to $607.01 billion dollars. At the same time, the United States remained the third largest trading partner of the PRC after ASEAN and the EU.
The US trade deficit with China narrowed to its lowest level since 2010 at the end of 2023.
The narrowing gap reflects a broader reorganization of supply chains.
The US trade deficit with other countries has reached a record high.
China in 1st place in US clothing exports
U.S. efforts to find alternatives to China's clothing production rest on barriers to cost and qualifications. Global clothing and footwear manufacturers like Adidas and Nike have been pulling some of their supply chains out of China for a decade.
At the same time China , it remains the main global exporter of clothing - about a third of all sewing products in the world come from its factories - and, as the agency reported on October 31, 2023, Bloomberg the limits of viable alternatives may have already been reached.
The share of imports from China to the United States fell to a minimum since 2005 - 14.6%
As it became known in early September 2023, China's share in American imports fell to the lowest level since 2005, on average for this period amounted to 14.6%.
In recent years, American companies have been reorganizing supply chains amid attempts by the US government to reduce the economy's dependence on China.
The turnover China USA from the 1st half of 2023 was reduced by 14.5% and amounted to $327 billion. The decline is observed mainly in exports from China to the United States: it fell by 17.9% and amounted to $239 billion.
2022
US - China's largest export destination with record trade volume - $760 billion
Data from the US government for November 2022 suggests that the volume of imports and exports with China in 2022 will reach an all-time high or at least approach it when the final report is released on February 7, 2023.
Beijing has released its own full-year data, which shows a record trade volume of about $760 billion.
China's trade with the European Union and the United States in 2022 amounted to $1.6 trillion - 8 times more than with Russia - $190 billion. PRC customs statistics.
The total volume of commodity trade between the United States and China in 2022 rose to $690.6 billion, exceeding the record set in 2018.
It was a reminder that consumers and companies in the world's two largest economies remain deeply connected while their governments diverge on a range of economic and political issues.
Among other things, at the end of 2022, China remains the largest exporter of clothing in the United States.
The United States is the second largest export destination from China after the EU
2021
The United States is China's largest trading partner
China trade boom with US
In the first half of 2021, China and the United States are supplying goods to each other at the fastest pace in recent years, as a result of which the world's largest bilateral trade relations look as if there has never been a protracted tariff war and the COVID-19 pandemic.
The monthly volume of bilateral trade, which fell dollars to 19 billion in February 2020 amid the closure of Chinese factories, has risen to new records over the past year, according to official Chinese data.
2020: The impact of the Trump administration's trade restrictions and China's trade deal with the United States
As part of the agreement, which was signed Donald Trump by Deputy Prime Minister Liu He, China agreed to buy American agricultural goods for 12.5 billion dollars in 2020 and for 19.5 billion in 2021. The shopping list should include oilseeds, meat, cotton and cereals.
Purchases of energy goods, including oil, LNG, oil products and coal, should amount to $18.5 billion in 2020 and 33.9 billion in 2021. In addition, China agreed to purchase American equipment for nuclear power plants.
In total, in two years, China pledged to invest $200 billion more in the purchase of American goods than in 2017.
The United States in response did not cancel the duties already imposed on China, which affect almost $360 billion of Chinese exports and only refused to further increase tariffs.
The duty cuts were expected to take place as part of a "phase two" deal that would include intellectual property and technology transfer issues.
2019: Introduction of new US duties and retaliatory measures in China
In May 2019, trade talks broke down, which led to an increase in US duties on Chinese goods worth $200 billion from 10% to 25%.
In response, China quickly imposed 5 to 10% tariffs of its own on $60 billion worth of U.S. imports. The initial response was aimed at a smaller volume of goods due to the trade imbalance between the two countries. Those rates were strategically set to balance the impact on Chinese consumers and industry while pressuring the U.S., but China later expanded tariffs on some positions to 25%.
2018
China imposes 25% duties on agricultural products and cars from the United States
China responded to U.S. tariffs with 25% tariffs on 545 U.S. goods worth $34 billion, primarily targeting agricultural products and cars.
September 2018: The US imposed an additional 25% duty on $16bn worth of Chinese goods. China responded with similar measures on American goods.
December 2018: A temporary truce was announced during the G20 summit, during which both countries agreed to a 90-day suspension of new duties to hold talks.
US imposes 25% tariffs on electronics and other goods from China
On March 22, 2018, US President Donald Trump signed a decree imposing 25 percent duties on goods from China. Restrictions that relate to products with a total value of $60 billion will first of all hurt manufacturers and suppliers of electronics and other IT products.
 | In a fairly short time, we lost 60 thousand factories in our country. They were closed, suspended, destroyed. At least 6 million jobs have been removed, and now they are starting to return. When they charge 25% for importing a car and we charge 2% for importing their car into the US, that's wrong. This is how China has restored its economy. Huge money that we paid from the founding of the WTO, "Trump said. |  |
According to him, US trade with China has led to a serious deficit in the American economy.
The expected volume of goods under duties ($60 billion) is more than 10% of US imports from China. Initially, measures against products worth $30 billion fell on the table for the US president, but he insisted on a tougher approach.
The full list of Chinese goods for which the United States has imposed duties will be made public within a few days. TechCrunch writes that most of these products belong to the high-tech industry.
The White House information certificate to the signed memorandum says that the goods will affect sectors designated as strategic in the large-scale Chinese development plan Made in China 2025 - aerospace, information and communication technologies and machinery.
The memorandum on trade measures against China was signed following the proceedings, which, in particular, showed that China uses dishonest trade practices to acquire the know-how and technologies of American companies, which are subsequently used by Chinese enterprises to gain competitive advantages.[1]
As a result, in July 2018, the United States imposed 25% duties on Chinese imports worth $34 billion, including cars, hard drives and aircraft parts.
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