Fax machine (Fax)

History of creation

Arthur Korn in 1902 in Germany showed the first photo-electric fax system, and in 1922 — a system on the basis of radio signals. Faxes began to use widely for transfer of newspaper articles and weather maps. But only in 1968 the International Telecommunication Union approved the first international standards for facsimile transmission - Group 1, in 1972 — Group 2 and in 1980 — Group 3. Adoption of standards became an important factor of development of facsimile transmission: transmission time of the page was reduced from six minutes to less than one minute. The boom of fax technologies fell on the 80th years of the XX century.

Operation principle

Facsimile includes the main transactions:

• division of all area of the original intended for transfer into a large number of the elements of the small size differing from each other on any certain physical parameter. Typically for images — on optical density;
• consecutive measurement for each such element of this physical parameter, conversion to the value of electric current or to a set of electric impulses, according to the provided protocol of communication;
• broadcast of a signal per the communication line;
• conversion of the received signal, as a rule, synchronous and cophased to transfer process, record in a receiving device of the acquired information.

Parts of modern office fax device

• The scanner, in most cases — lingering type;
• The printer with the device of giving rolled (is more rare — sheet) papers;
• The modem — the modulator demodulator of an electric signal;
• Nodes of the telephone set — dialing unit, the handset

The modern fax device in a specific session of transfer of the facsimile message can act as the receiver or as the transmitter.

Main producers

• Brother (Brazer)
• Panasonic
• Canon (Canon Ru)
• Philips
• Samsung
• Sharp

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