Freight transportation by car (Russian market)

2022: Transport companies turned to the state for support due to sanctions

The situation in the freight market is becoming tense due to the changed economic conditions. The cost of transportation has already increased by 10-12%, and the cost of servicing freight vehicles - by 60%. This became known on March 31, 2022 from a letter sent to the Presidential Commissioner for the Protection of the Rights of Entrepreneurs Boris Titov from the community of top managers of logistics companies. Among the signatories of the document of the company PEC, GLT, Altika M, SPAK, as well as Dentro. More details here.

2020

Market growth for the year by 10%

According to ATI.SU Freight Exchange, the automotive freight market in 2020 grew by almost 10% compared to 2019, despite the collapse during the spring lockdown in April-May 2020. Recovery began in July, with a clear positive trend throughout the second half of the year. This trend was almost unaffected by either the second wave of coronavirus or the restrictions imposed in the fall.

The number of transactions for the transportation of goods increased by 9.4% compared to 2019. According to statistics from ATI.SU Freight Exchange, according to the results of the three quarters of 2020, the market showed growth, but much less significant (+ 5.5%). As for prices of services, they remained stable throughout the year.

In 2020, there was a noticeable increase in transportation in Russia in almost all main areas. Transportation from the Moscow Region gained especially confidently: for example, the number of applications for transportation inside the Moscow Region increased by 16% (up to 766 thousand), transportation to the Leningrad region - by 12% (up to 439 thousand), in the Krasnodar Territory - by 14%, in the Nizhny Novgorod region - by 17%, in Tatarstan - by 24%, in the Voronezh region - by 18%, in the Sverdlovsk region - by 20%. Thus, the role of the central region as a cargo hub continues to grow.

At the same time, ATI.SU noted the positive dynamics within several leading regions of the country. So, the number of applications for transportation in the Krasnodar Territory increased by 16%, transportation inside Tatarstan added 19%, growth in the Chelyabinsk region amounted to 14%. Transportation in the Leningrad region (-5%) looks more modest, and the number of applications for transportation from Leningrad to the Moscow region also decreased by 4%.

Moreover, if regional transportation is growing, then this cannot be said about routes inside large cities, as well as between them. This trend looks logical in a pandemic, when many residents tried to spend as much time as possible outside the city. In particular, the number of applications for transportation in Moscow decreased by 6%, inside St. Petersburg - by 12%, and transportation from the Northern capital to Moscow sank by 13%. But the number of traffic from Novosibirsk to Kemerovo (+ 18%) and to Omsk (+ 11%) has increased.

Also, at the end of 2020, the volume of transportation of the most popular categories of goods increased. The number of applications for the transportation of consumer goods increased by 15%, and food - by 16%. It is also worth highlighting a significant increase in the transportation of household chemicals (by 32%), cars (by 42%), mushrooms (by 52%), ice cream (by 42%), toys (by 41%), grain (by 31%) and household appliances (by 46%). A decrease in volumes was recorded only in a small number of categories: for example, the fall was demonstrated by the categories "poultry transportation" (by 30%) and "tobacco products" (by 22%).

Despite the difficult crisis year, which generally led to a decline in the economy, the freight industry eventually completed it, demonstrating a slight growth. Spring restrictions dealt a serious blow to the market, but by the summer everything had recovered, and autumn restrictions practically did not affect it. It should be noted that participants in the automotive freight market showed flexibility and the ability to quickly adjust to conditions and build business processes in a different way. In general, the result of 2020 can be called that the market has embarked on a transformation path: automation and reduction of manual labor ceased to be simply words that are pronounced at conferences, but have become a real practice, "comments Svyatoslav Wilde, manager of the ATI.SU. Freight Exchange.

As of March, about 80-100 thousand "refs" are carried out in Russia.

In March 2020, it became known that the number of REF vans and semi-trailers-refrigerators determines. sales HO In 2019, about 10 thousand transport funds marked REF were registered - these are semi-trailers and vans. According to March 2020, in total Russia , temperature-sensitive cargoes of the order of 80 000 - 100 000 "refs" are transported to. Of these, about 3-3.5 are semi-trailers, the rest are vans and "small vehicles." Almost 50% of the market for vans with refinements is this, and Gazelles this ratio has remained for the past 5 years. More. here

2017: Freight market in Russia estimated at 0.7 trillion rubles

In 2017, Russian trucks, the number of which reaches almost 6.5 million units, transported cargo in the amount of 5.5 billion tons. The numbers, at first glance, are astronomical, but this is only at first glance. In fact, transport companies handle approximately 30% of all Russian cargo. Their owners delivered the remaining 70% of cargo on their own^[1].

Experts say that the freight market is a tough customer market. It is the customer (the owner of the cargo) who dictates the conditions. In addition, the cargo market is not transparent, it has many intermediaries, dispatchers, etc.

Regarding profitability, entrepreneurs believe that this is a profitable business. Of course, if certain conditions are met, for example, the entrepreneur is not credited and the number of cars purchased on lease does not exceed reasonable limits. In business, it is not uncommon for an entrepreneur to not always correctly calculate his strength, recruit cars for leasing and go "minus."

• We rarely have which manufacturer has a railway under its side. In the vast majority of cases - 99% - the cargo must still be brought to the railway. And most often recently, automobile transport has been used in general to deliver from door to door: from shipper to consignee, "says Sergey Katyrin, president of the Russian Chamber of Commerce and Industry.

The road transportation market last year (2017) grew by 15% and exceeded 733 billion rubles. Most of the market is a full load segment, this is when the customer pays for the route or completely the car. A fifth of the market is prefabricated cargo. According to experts, this is the most growing segment: this year it is expected that its volume will exceed 180 billion rubles. Dangerous goods account for no more than 7% of the market.

Experts call the development of the so-called e-commerce: delivery of goods ordered (purchased) on the Internet the driver of the growth of the prefabricated cargo segment. The volume of deliveries of goods from the Internet is growing by about 20-30 percent annually. Most of these cargoes are transported by truck. The railway is not engaged in prefabricated cargo: it is too frozen for them. But car entrepreneurs are hunting to provide these transport services and, even in pursuit of a client, are ready to reduce the cost of transportation on ultra-long routes.

Also, the opening of traffic for trucks on the Crimean bridge was a landmark event for the industry. Freight traffic on the bridge increased by a third compared to the ferry crossing - up to 1000 trucks per day.

• There is already absolutely unambiguously reliable communication, which allows you to plan deliveries of goods, components, in a different way to build the economy and interaction of enterprises. This is another construction of the economy in Crimea itself, "says Sergey Katyrin.

So far, not all cargo can be transported along the Crimean bridge - dangerous under ban. However, the Russian Ministry of Transport promised that by winter fuel trucks would go over the bridge.

In Russia today there are 20 thousand transport companies and almost 2 million IP, which often have only one truck in the garage. The national average is about 30 cars per company. Entrepreneurs are willing to use special mobile applications through which you can receive orders. Similar services have recently appeared. This is a kind of "uber for freight," with its help, the developers are fighting with freight forwarders who set draconian tariffs.

Regarding commissions taken by freight forwarders (intermediaries), industry experts say that there are three months of excitement when the commission is minimal. This is November, December and the first half of January. The commission in these months is 5-7%. In the remaining 9 months of the year, intermediaries profit, according to entrepreneurs, on their clients, when the size of the commission can reach up to 40-50%. However, the average commission size is 20-25%.

Even from the economy of the industry - about cost. Most, more than a third - about 35% - in the cost of freight transportation is the salary of the driver. A little less than a third is fuel. Depreciation is also included in the price - a tenth of. About 20% of the tariff goes to repair the truck. The profitability itself, the profit of the transport company - about 5%.

As in any business, there are also so-called "gray" players working exclusively for themselves, not paying taxes, etc. According to experts, "gray" carriers "carry" about 500 billion rubles annually past the budget. In terms of volume, this is comparable to legal cargo business.

The problems faced by industry players are not limited to the high cost of intermediary services or the low level of profitability.

• I have mostly non-dimensional cargo transportation in Khanty-Mansi Autonomous Okrug, Yamal-Nenets Autonomous Okrug. But in general, in the industry, I think everyone has the same problems, which is big cars, which is smaller. The problem is one of the most important: finance and constant cost growth. First of all, of course, this is an increase in the cost of diesel fuel, a transport tax - I have about 30 thousand rubles per car. This amount goes to heavy trucks weighing more than 12 tons, "says Marcel Gabdulkhakov, head of a motor transport company from Bashkiria.

• It used to be said that the transport tax will be canceled, and this abolition will be compensated by the increase in the cost of fuel. However, fuel is becoming more expensive, and the tax has not gone anywhere. It has also VAT increased since the new year. And this means that imported spare parts, the price of which even without this have taken off before space, will become even more expensive. Here, of course, there is an option: to switch to domestic equipment. You can, of course, but there is one big "but": quality, "says Marcel Gabdulhakov.

• We have a proposal to prepare a law "On freight road transportation." Only the one who is in the register can become a carrier: registered as a logistics company, forwarding agent or freight carrier. It seems to me that this is not only a whitening of the market, it is an increase in competition, a decrease in price, "says Sergey Katyrin.

2012

According to the results of 2012, it was road freight that accounted for almost 70% of the country's total traffic. In physical terms, the automotive freight market grew by 2.9% and amounted to 5829 million tons (data from DISCOVERY Research Group).

However, due to the fact that road transport is most popular in terms of delivery of goods over short distances, their share in the total cargo turnover of the country is very insignificant and is only 5%. In real terms, the turnover of road transport in 2012 amounted to 248 billion t-km. against 223 billion t-km. in 2011.

2013

As of 2013, more than 46 thousand enterprises offering automobile freight services were registered in Russia. Among them there are both large companies that have already established themselves in the market and have a strong customer base, and small ones, whose share is more than 70%. At the same time, a new segment of average players can be distinguished on the market, which, with a competent organization of work, may well compete even with large market participants. The segment of regional freight transportation is increasingly developing, which accounts for about 40% of the market.

Competition is also increasing in the market of container shipments, as well as the transportation of perishable, food and other goods at distances up to 2000 km.

Experts believe that the automotive freight market has every chance for further successful development. Firstly, due to the construction of new and repair of existing roads. Secondly, due to the introduction of new types of trucks on the freight transport market, the creation of more profitable and effective conditions for the purchase of trucks for leasing or credit. Thirdly, due to increased competition, including a surge in the activity of foreign road carriers, the result of which should be the creation of optimal prices and an improvement in the quality of services provided.

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