Functions of the operating system
If to speak about the operating system as about the interface between applications and users on the one hand and the computer equipment on the other hand, it is possible to define the main objectives solved by OS as:
- providing to the user or programmer instead of the real equipment of the expanded virtual machine (which is called sometimes operating environment), with which it is convenient to work and which is easier for programming;
- increase in efficiency of use of the computer by rational management of its resources according to some criteria.
For implementation of the designated tasks of OS it is equipped with advanced functionality.
Basic functions (simplest OS):
- Loading of applications in RAM and their accomplishment;
- The standardized access to peripheral devices (input/output device);
- Management of RAM (distribution between processes, a virtual memory);
- Access control to data on non-volatile carriers (such as Hard drive, Compact disk, etc.), as a rule using the file system;
- User interface;
- Network transactions, support of a stack of protocols
Additional functions:
- Side-by-side or pseudo-side-by-side execution of tasks (multitasking);
- Interaction between processes: data exchange, mutual synchronization;
- Protection of the system and also user data and programs from malicious actions of users or applications;
- Differentiation of access rights and multi-user operation mode (authentication, authorization).
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