Homeless people in Russia

Poverty in Russia

Main article: Poverty in Russia

2023:10 regions of Russia by mortality rate among homeless people

In October 2024, it became known that in 2023 Russia more than 57 thousand deaths were recorded among people without a fixed place of residence, according to a study conducted by the Nochlezhka charity. The highest death rate among homeless people was recorded in,, Krasnodar Territory, and St. Petersburg. Magadan region Moscow region To Moscow For the first time, the organization calculated the so-called "homeless mortality index," which takes into account the proportion of deaths among homeless people, age differences and specific causes, such as digestive, respiratory and infectious diseases. According to the data, the Rosstat study included 67 regions where full data for calculations are present.

According to RBC, the leader in the mortality rate of homeless people in 2023 was the Krasnodar Territory, where the index indicator was 14.04. The median age of homeless deaths in this region is 47, which is 26 years less than people with permanent residence. According to the study, the risk of death from external causes and diseases for homeless people is 18 times higher here than among the rest of the population. In 2023, 815 homeless people died on the territory of the region.

10 regions of Russia with the highest mortality rate among homeless people.

The second place in terms of mortality among homeless people was taken by St. Petersburg, where the index was 2.73. Here, in 2023, there were 1,532 deaths of homeless people at a median age of 50, which is 24 years less than the average for those with housing. The probability of death from infections and diseases of the respiratory and digestive organs for the homeless in St. Petersburg exceeds the average population figures by 4.2 times.

The Magadan region was in third place with an index of 2.55 and a median homeless death age of 51. In 2023, 198 homeless people died in the region. This area is followed by the Moscow region (index 2.01, 5496 deaths) and Moscow (index 1.76, 5032 deaths). The study found there was a 3.3-fold higher chance of premature deaths for homeless people in the capital compared to the rest of the population.^[1]

2021: The number of homeless people in Russia has decreased 6 times in 10 years

By the end of 2022 Russia , there were 11,285 homeless people, which is almost 6 times less than in 2010 (64,077). This is evidenced by the data Rosstat released in January 2023.

As Vedomosti writes with reference to the department's materials, most of the homeless, namely 10,696 people, lived in cities by the end of 2022, 589 in rural areas. At the same time, in 2010, 59,790 homeless people were rewritten in cities and 4287 in rural areas. According to the 2002 census, there were 142,559 homeless people in Russia, of which 134,409 lived in cities, 8150 in rural areas.

The methodological explanations of Rosstat say that persons who did not have a permanent place of residence (for example, homeless people) corresponded where the census found them.

The All-Russian population census does not take into account people in shelters or those who occupy empty houses in rural areas, said Galina Sheverdova, deputy head of the department of population statistics and health.

According to Rosstat, 1.022 million people lived in institutions where people live at the expense of the state or charitable organizations in 2021. For comparison, in 2010, 1.8 million people lived in such organizations.

Most of those left homeless above their heads were recorded in Moscow. By the end of 2021, 6,637 people were finding temporary refuge in the capital.

In second place in these statistics is Omsk (441), and on the third line is the Irkutsk region (367). The top ten also included the Komi Republic (297), Samara (255), Tyumen (246) and Kemerovo (246) regions.

According to Daria Baibakova, director of the Nochlezhka charity in Moscow, according to the census results, it is impossible to conclude about the total number of homeless people in Russia, since the methodology itself does not allow census takers to reach most people who do not have a permanent residence: some are difficult to find in non-residential and abandoned premises or on the street. In addition, Baibakova noted, many homeless people may not outwardly differ from those with a house and may be unidentified.^[2]

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