2022/03/17 19:30:58

Internet of Things in Medicine

Content

Safety of Medical IoT Devices
- 2022: Safety experts find infections in 75% of critical medical devices
Use Cases
Market size
Chronology of events
See also
Notes

Safety of Medical IoT Devices

2022: Safety experts find infections in 75% of critical medical devices

Up to three quarters of all medical pumps for droppers (infusomates) in the world contain software vulnerabilities that are already known, say researchers at Palo Alto Networks. This became known on March 15, 2022. Experts studied 200 thousand active devices in the networks of various hospitals and found that most of them can be operated remotely.

The company said in a publication that the study of the pumps was carried out using the Internet of Things Security for Healthcare solution. The scanner showed that 75% of medical infusomates contain one or more of 40 known software vulnerabilities or "one or more of 70 known defects with the security of IoT devices."

52% of the medical infusomates studied contain two vulnerabilities uncovered in 2019, that is, more than two years ago.

Of the ten most common vulnerabilities, six are critical, for all the degree of threat is estimated at 9.8 points. One of these vulnerabilities - CVE-2019-12255 (buffer overflow in the Wind River VxWorks TCP component) - was identified just in 2019. Five more - in 2020.

As you know, infusomates are among the devices on which the life of patients can directly depend, so that critical vulnerabilities in them must be eliminated as quickly as possible.

Experts noted that many of the discovered vulnerabilities are associated with the use of third-party libraries in software shells of infusomates. For example, vulnerabilities CVE-2019-12255 and CVE-2019-12264 are contained in the TCP IP stack/IPNet, which is used in about 104 thousand of the analyzed devices.

Medical organizations using vulnerable pumps are advised to implement a proactive strategy that will prevent attacks. In particular, use tools that will allow you to inventory and accurately identify vulnerable devices, make a holistic (holistic) risk assessment, implement security policies that reduce risk, etc.

Like many other Internet of Things devices, the software firmware of infusomates connected to the network was most likely developed without taking into account network security, or at least without an additional audit of external components, said Mikhail Zaytsev, an information security expert at SEQ. - From there and such an abundance of devices with the same vulnerabilities. The average life of such a device is 10 years, there is no confidence that patches will be released, so we can only hope for third-party security measures^[1].

Use Cases

The advent of Internet of Things (IoT) technologies has led to exciting achievements in the 21st century. IoT is now used not only in industry, but also in other industries. For example, modern healthcare is already hard to imagine without IoT. In May 2018, experts highlighted the following uses of IoT:

Remote Health Monitoring

One of the most obvious and popular uses of IoT technologies in healthcare has been remote health monitoring, or telemedicine. In some cases, patients do not need to visit emergency departments or the attending physician. The work of medical professionals, as a rule, is performed by various devices in a compartment with various applications. Doctors use remote monitoring to draw better conclusions about patients' health. With the help of telemedicine, the patient's costs for visiting the hospital are reduced.

Ensuring availability of critical equipment

Modern hospitals cannot be imagined without next-generation equipment. Some hardware is used to save or keep people alive. Like all electronic devices, this equipment is subject to numerous risks - from power outages to system failures. Such cases put the patient on the brink of life or death. The e-Alert system developed by Philips is designed to solve the problem. Instead of waiting for the device to fail, e-Alert predicts possible problems, monitors medical equipment and warns hospital staff about possible malfunctions.

Monitoring of personnel, patients and inventory

Ensuring safety is the main concern of any medical institution. In hospitals with several buildings and branches, including those with departments in different regions of the world, it is difficult to maintain the maximum level of security without the ability to track assets - employees, patients and equipment.

Real-time location systems based on IoT technologies facilitate monitoring tasks.

Reducing Space Waiting Time

Sinai Medical Center in New York was able to reduce the waiting time for inpatient accommodation for 50% of emergency room patients by an hour. The medical center has 1.1 thousand beds, doctors receive more than 59 thousand patients annually. About 90% of hospital beds are occupied by "guests."

The medical facility piloted the AutoBed program developed by GE Healthcare. AutoBed's goal is to find affordable beds for patients. AutoBed software can process up to 80 bed applications, track availability and occupancy, and consider 15 patient needs, such as the ability to call a nurse.

Improved Drug Management

The new forms of prescription drugs are one of the most exciting advances in that have come to medicine from IoT. Tablets with support for microscopic sensors are able to provide doctors with better information about the state of the patient's internal organs.

For example, the Proteus Discover solution, which uses tablets and sensors built into them, as well as a patch that attaches to the body, provides a more complete view of the patient's health. The tablets contain a sensor the size of a grain of rice. After the pill reaches the stomach, the sensor sends a patch signal. The patch is also equipped with sensors that record all the information received and transmit it to the patient and treating doctors.

Also, since 2015, it has been known about the development of contact lenses for diabetics. In April 2017, CNBC reported that Apple had hired a team of biomedicine specialists. Researchers are developing optical sensors that shine through the skin to measure sugar levels. Other manufacturers have tried to come up with a similar technology to prevent and treat diabetes.

Treatment of chronic disease

By mid-2018, there are several devices and technologies to help treat chronic diseases. In the 21st century, it is a combination of technology, next-generation analytics and mobile communications. Utilities such as Fitbit use IoT to monitor personal health. Such information can be shared with a doctor to get qualified help for chronic disease.

By this time, Health Net Connect had established a population diabetes management program. The goal of the program is to improve clinical treatment and reduce patients' medical costs. The first results are obtained, but the company is striving to develop the technology^[2].

Market size

2022: IoMT Solutions Market Growth 4X in 5 Years to $158 Billion

By 2030, the global demand for solutions in the field Internet of Things (Internet of Things, IoT) will amount to more than 620 billion, dollars an increase of almost 3.5 times in 10 years. Companies are increasingly using these technologies the Russian : among them, according to IIEZ estimates, almost one in six (16.7%) already apply certain solutions. This was HSE announced on January 19, 2023.

The leader of the world agenda in this area of development is the medical Internet of Medical Things. The global market for solutions based on this technology has almost quadrupled in five years (to $158 billion in 2022). More. here

2018: IoT Market Development in Medicine Hampered by Lack of Management Standards

As of August 2018, the main drivers of the market development internet of things in the region health care are: development of solutions IoT to reduce the cost of medical assistance, technology development, artificial intelligence increased investment in medical IoT solutions, increased efficiency of network technologies, growing penetration of connected devices in the healthcare sector, as well as potential. of developing countries Such data in mid-August 2018 was published by Market Research Engine in a report on the results of its study.

Illustration: pm360online.com

Analysts attributed the lack of skills in deploying solutions based on Internet of Things technologies, compatibility and security problems, as well as the lack of management standards to restraining market growth.

In general, according to August, the range of IoT applications in medicine is wide: from remote monitoring of patients to smart sensors and medical gadgets such as fitness bracelets and miniature devices designed for diagnosis and treatment. According to analysts, the number of connected devices and the huge amount of information they collect can be a real challenge for the IT departments of hospitals. The complexity is typical of IoT problems: the risk of data leakage, as well as the search for an effective method of processing data.

Medtronic PLC (USA), Royal Philips (Netherlands), Cisco Systems (USA), IBM Corporation (USA), GE Healthcare (USA), Microsoft (USA), SAP SE (Germany ), Qualcomm Life (USA), Honeywell Life Care Solutions (USA) and Stanley Healthcare (USA) were named the key segment players.

According to analysts, the volume of the Internet of Things market in medicine by 2022 will exceed about $158 billion. Market Research Engine experts estimated the average market growth rate (CAGR) from 2016 to 2022 at 30.8%.^[3]

2017: $41.22 billion expense - ResearchAndMarkets

In 2017, the volume of expenses on systems, software services and medical equipment for Internet of Things the field health care amounted to $41.22 billion, the research company ResearchAndMarkets reported.

According to experts, the market in question will grow at about 28.9% per year and reach $405.65 billion by 2026.

The fastest growing segment of the IoT market in the healthcare sector in ResearchAndMarkets is called systems and software, thanks to which a high level of data security and visual research are provided

Among the factors contributing to the increase in medical IoT costs on a global scale, experts include the growing number of chronic diseases, the introduction of favorable initiatives by governments in various countries and the evolution of artificial intelligence technologies.

The main barriers to the development of the market are the weak efficiency of the implementation of IoT solutions, the problems of privacy and data security, as well as insufficient technical knowledge in the market as a whole.

The Asia-Pacific region is leading in terms of growth rate from a geographical point of view due to the growing number of hospitals and surgical centers in this market.^[4]

The study says that the Internet of Things in Healthcare is applied in tasks such as clinical work, workflow optimization, network imaging, telemedicine, drug management and inpatient control

As for the largest manufacturers of IoT products for healthcare needs, here the researchers list the following companies:

Chronology of events

2021: Internet of Things, What a Manager Needs to Know

Internet of Things, aka IoT (Internet of Things). What is it? How is this different from M2M? How can this be used? How much is it? How to implement? Read more here.

2020: MegaFon Launches Remote Health Monitoring Solution

MegaFon has launched a solution based on the Internet of Things platform, which will allow public and private medical institutions to offer patients a health monitoring service. This became known on July 23, 2020. Read more here.

2019: Opening of the Center for Innovation and the Internet of Things in Healthcare in Skolkovo

On October 22, 2019, AstraZenek announced to TAdviser the opening of the Center for Innovation and the Internet of Things in Healthcare at Skolkovo. The center will become a platform for combining the experience and efforts of business, the state, scientific institutes and startups, health care institutions and medical associations. His work is designed to promote the transformation and development of the health care system in Russia. Read more here.

2017

GE Healthcare Project: Sensors on Mobile Equipment

Well-known manufacturers of medical devices also use Internet of Things (IoT) technologies for business consulting of hospitals and clinics. For example, GE Healthcare Japan recently began installing sensors on mobile equipment that moves from office to office, such as ultrasound devices. Analysis of location data allows you to find the optimal location for the equipment, increase the efficiency of its use and reduce the number of ultrasound devices required by the clinic.

Hitachi Development: Personnel Movement Control

As it became known in June 2017, the Japanese industrial conglomerate Hitachi is testing an Internet of Things (IoT) system in its homeland, with the help of which medical institutions will be able to improve the efficiency of their work.

After trials taking place in several Japanese hospitals, a consulting service will be created based on Hitachi's IoT technology, which is planned to be offered to hospitals at local universities and other large medical organizations.

As part of the testing, Hitachi equipped the hospital area with antennas monitoring the movements of medical personnel using special sensors fixed on the uniforms of doctors and nurses. In the future, after analyzing the collected data, Hitachi will offer the institution individual recommendations for optimizing work.

Guided by them, the hospital will be able to revise the schedule of work shifts and reduce time costs by identifying unnecessary tasks performed by staff. Such recommendations will increase productivity in the institution, Hitachi is convinced. Also, the sensors worn by employees determine the distance between them, which makes it possible to assess whether the personnel communicate with each other sufficiently.

Hitachi considers the consulting business in the field of medicine promising and predicts that in 2020 the company's revenue in this direction will reach 2 billion yen (18.1 million dollars).^[5]

Notes

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