Types of marketing researches
Researches in marketing – one of the most effective instruments of determination of market situation, needs of consumers and actions of competitors. At the same time the number of the obtained information and quality of results of work directly depends on the qualification level of the specialists making the analysis.
There are several types of marketing researches. It:
- studying of consumer requirements;
- studying of actions of competitors;
- monitoring of suppliers;
- studying of the industry market;
- the analysis of services and goods, including also price monitorings;
- studying of programs of promotion of products.
That marketing research was successful, it is necessary to involve the list of effective tools. In the majority these tools are the differentiated methods of obtaining information from its carrier by drawing up and carrying out different type of polls. Among other it is possible to select the most effective tools:
- Mass personal interviews of home;
- Mass personal interviews of hall;
- Focus groups;
- Deep interviews;
- Polls of experts.
These tools are widely applied in the main types of researches.
The first type of researches – "prospecting" - is conducted with the purpose to set the plan of further actions. It is carried out before the decision was made, and its results are applied to strategic planning. Among methods which are used for carrying out the "prospecting" analysis it is necessary to select especially: benchmarking, work of focus groups, analysis of secondary data, analysis of specific situations, studying of former experience of firm or firms.
Within other type of researches – "descriptive" - answers to questions should be found by specialists marketing specialists: "where?", "who?", "that?", "when?" and "in what way?". It is important to remember that this analysis type describes the situation which developed in the market, but does not analyze in any way it therefore results of work of specialists do not include the answer to the question "why?". The main part of answers to questions of this testing can be received by means of hall-tests, work of focus groups, carrying out a desk research and polls.
The specialists conducting "casual" researches are engaged in the analysis of causes and effect relationships. In this case the answer to the question "why?" is given (for example, "why sales volume after introduction of the loyalty program increased?"). However in this case you do not receive process description of increase in this specific sales volume. Researches are considered as the most effective techniques of carrying out of this kind: experiment and application of mathematical models.
For establishment of the broad picture of events, its analysis and development of further strategy carrying out complex researches is recommended.
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