Chita Customs

History

The history of the creation of the Chita customs began from a distant past. The Cossacks mastered the Trans-Baikal expanses. Trade with China increased every year, the main export was furs. The largest shopping center in Transbaikalia is the city of Nerchinsk. In 1689, the Treaty of Nerchinsk was signed. Entire caravans of merchants from Moscow, Ustyug, etc. traveled to China.

With the formation of the Trans-Baikal Region in 1851, customs services of the Chita region (posts, customs outposts) began to function. The largest customs then was the Trans-Baikal Customs. Trans-Baikal customs is the history of many years of historical development. Even before the formation of the Trans-Baikal Region in 1689, the Nerchinsk Trade Agreement was signed, the Cossacks were engaged in protecting the borders of the Fatherland. With the formation of the Trans-Baikal Region in 1851, a customs service was formed. Before the revolution, the Chita Customs Inspectorate consisted of 40 structural units (customs, posts, outposts), one of the largest was the Manchurian customs. Until recently, it was believed that the Manchurian customs was the founder of the Trans-Baikal customs, however, on the basis of recent studies, according to documents and bibliographic publications, the history of the Trans-Baikal customs seems different. On the basis of Article 2 of the Law on the Establishment of the Local Customs Board from 28.05.1912, the Chita Inspection Customs Section was created. In the archives of the city of Chita, inventories of customs institutions located in the region, lists of employees, official correspondence were preserved. The customs building of those years has been preserved in Chita. This is a three-story building at the exit from the station, on the left side of the forecourt, lined with red brick. In those years, the activities of the Chita customs were very active. The site was managed by the border with China within the Trans-Baikal Region with the inclusion of the Manchurian customs. Until 1917, the staff of the Chita inspection customs section included 2 customs, 4 outposts, 37 customs posts. The nearest station 26 versts from the Manchuria station from Russia was the Matsievskaya station - 86 siding. After 1917, the Matsievsky customs post was established, which was part of the Chita customs section of the Trans-Baikal Railway. In the period from 1929 to 1931, the Matsievsky customs post - 86 departure was transformed into the Matsievsky customs. As an independent, Matsievskaya customs is included in the list of customs institutions of the USSR according to the Far Eastern branch of the Main Customs Administration in the USSR Customs Code of 1931.). Manchu customs functioned in China at the same time as Otborovskaya until 1933. By order of the NKVT of the USSR of 29.04.1933 No. 236, the Manchurian customs was liquidated. By order of the Ministry of Foreign Trade No. 281 of 21.11.1958, the Otborovskaya customs was renamed the Trans-Baikal customs. From that moment on, we are counting down the modern history of the Trans-Baikal customs. There are no documents indicating the period of development of the Matsiev customs in the archive of the Trans-Baikal customs. Supporting data are available only since the formation of the Otborovskaya customs. One of the first leaders of the Otborovskaya customs was Ivan Isidorovich Plevkov.

The modern history of the Chita Customs begins in the 50s. In Chita, a customs post was opened at the beginning, and in 1952, in connection with the intensification of international relations with China, the Chita Customs. It lasted until June 1959. Again, this service began its activities in June 1969, when the Chita customs post was created and subordinated to the Trans-Baikal customs. An employee of the Trans-Baikal Customs, a veteran of the Great Patriotic War, Matvey Matveyevich Alekhin, was appointed its head. Currently a veteran of the customs service, honorary customs officer of Russia. This customs post was engaged in the registration of military transport aircraft flying to Mongolia, military cargo, baggage of citizens. Kadala Airport was a reserve in relation to Khabarovsk and Irkutsk, so international flights from Japan, Mongolia, Korea were also issued here.

On June 25, 1985, by order of the Ministry of Foreign Trade of the USSR No. 309, the Chita customs post of the Trans-Baikal customs was transformed into the Chita customs. The head was appointed Nefedov Viktor Georgievich, who previously held the post of head of the Trans-Baikal customs. The customs team consisted of 8 people. For many years, Liubov Innokentyevna Znamenskaya, now a veteran of the customs service, Nadezhda Dmitriyevna Fedorova, Skarednev Evgeny Yuryevich, Boyarkina Irina Borisovna and others, were given service in customs. During this period, customs carried out activities on customs clearance and control of military transport and special aircraft making regular flights to the MPR, as well as baggage and hand luggage of citizens transported by road and in containers. The results of the customs for 1985 looked impressive. At the Cheryomushki airfield, 910 aircraft, 600 tons of cargo were registered, 37,597 people of all categories who had 56,443 hand luggage places with them passed through customs. At the Chita-1 station, 985 containers and 165 seats were searched separately for the next baggage at the Chita station - 2. The liberalization of external economic activity in the country entailed the reform of the customs system. Reforms and Chita customs did not bypass. By October 1991, there was a quantitative increase in the staff: 20 people worked in the customs. At the beginning of 1993, 43 people work in customs. New structural units and services are created. In 1995, customs acquired the premises of the base, where the Chita customs post is currently located. In 1996, the administrative building of the customs was acquired at the address: Chita, 129 Chkalova Street. In 2004, the Chita Customs Post was opened in the structure of the Chita Customs. With its development, the volume of cargo issued sharply increased, the amount of customs payments transferred to the federal budget increased. September 30, 2011 is the historical date in the life of not only the Chita, but also the Trans-Baikal customs. Order of the Federal Customs Service of June 29, 2011 No. 1380 came into force, according to which the Trans-Baikal and Chita customs were reorganized by joining the Trans-Baikal customs to Chita. The purpose of this reorganization is to improve the structure and optimize the number of customs authorities located in the Siberian Federal District. As a result of the merger, 12 customs posts are now subordinate to the Chita Customs: Chita, Aginsky, Petrovsk-Zabaykalsky, DAPP Verkhny Ulkhun, Priargunsky, DAPP Olochi, Solovyovsky, Borzinsky, DAPP Starotsuruytuysky, MAPP Zabaikalsk, Zabaikalsky customs post, which was created in the structure of the Chita Customs, with the location of the MAks AS ASK, with the 674650. The Trans-Baikal customs post was created as part of the implementation of the Concept of customs clearance and customs control of goods in places close to the state border of the Russian Federation. The concept provides for customs operations in places close to the state border, for which it is planned to create a network of customs and logistics terminals (TLT) in the border regions. In the interests of participants in foreign economic activity who carry out customs declaration in the village of Zabaikalsk, near the multilateral automobile checkpoint "Zabaikalsk," work is underway to create the Zabaikalsky TLT. In the future (after the completion of construction), it is planned to move the Trans-Baikal customs post to the territory of the Trans-Baikal TLT.