Assets
NASDAQ OMX Group, Inc. is the largest exchange-traded company in the world. It serves the operation of trading and exchange technologies for companies on six continents with more than 3,600 registered enterprises. NASDAQ OMX offers a variety of capital raising solutions for companies around the world, including those registered in the United States, NASDAQ OMX Nordic, NASDAQ OMX Baltic, NASDAQ OMX First North, and the 144A sector in the United States.
The company offers trading services for several asset classes, including securities, derivatives, debt, commodities, structured products and exchange-traded funds. NASDAQ OMX technology provides operations for more than 70 exchanges, clearing houses and central depositories in more than 50 countries. NASDAQ OMX Nordic and NASDAQ OMX Baltic are not legal entities, but this group includes the exchanges of Helsinki, Copenhagen, Stockholm, Iceland, Tallinn, Riga and Vilnius.
NASDAQ OMX processes every tenth transaction made in the global market, and its global platform is considered the fastest on our planet: it can transmit more than a million messages per second, with each message taking less than 100 microseconds to deliver. More than 2,600 options are traded on the NASDAQ OMX PHLX exchange, and together with the NASDAQ Options Market, it occupies about 27 percent of the entire US securities options market (2012 data).
History
2024: Nasdaq Composite hits new high with 1,8712 points
The Nasdaq Composite hit a new high in October 2024.
Since its launch in February 1971, its average annual yield has been 10.8%.
2022: Stop trading in shares of several Russian companies after the outbreak of the conflict in Ukraine
At the end of February 2022, the American exchanges Nasdaq and NYSE stopped trading in shares of Yandex, Ozon, MTS, Mechel and Cian.ru after the introduction of US sanctions against Russia.
As noted by The Wall Street Journal, citing sources familiar with the situation, the shutdown is temporary - until regulatory experts on the New York Stock Exchange and Nasdaq find out all the conditions of the sanctions. At the same time, we are not talking about delisting - excluding securities from the list of instruments admitted to trading - yet, the publication says.
Five days after the start of the special operation of Russia, Yandex shares on the American stock exchange fell 1.5 times, to $18.94 apiece, Ozon - by a third, to $11.6, MTS - by 16%, to $5.5, Cian.ru - by 46%, to $3.4.
Online retailer Ozon was among the first to comment on the suspension of trading in its securities. Its representatives were quick to assure that the current anti-Russian sanctions do not have a direct impact on Ozon's business.
 | Ozon Holdings PLC is not currently subject to any sanctions. Ozon also notes that there are no regulatory restrictions on the ability of US individuals to acquire and trade Ozon securities, and non-US individuals are not subject to any secondary US sanctions risks in connection with such transactions, Ozon said in an official statement. |  |
The company notes that it conducts operations mainly in Russia: it accounts for more than 95% of the turnover (GMV, including services). More than 90% of marketplace buyers are also in Russia. They retain their previous ability to shop and sell through the Ozon platform.
The company adds that it may experience an indirect impact of sanctions, especially if they have a lasting impact on the Russian economy, this can significantly affect activity on the site.[1]
2021
In second place among the largest exchanges in the world in terms of capitalization of quoted securities
Nasdaq beats NYSE in IPO volume
From January to December 8, 2021, initial public offerings of companies worth $191.38 billion were held on the Nasdaq exchange, and $109.25 billion on the New York Stock Exchange (NYSE). This is evidenced by data from analysts at Dealogic.
In the past couple of decades to 2019, except for a few years during the dot-com bubble, the NYSE has held the lead on IPOs. By December in 2021, there were 686 companies registered on the Nasdaq and 265 companies registered on the NYSE. The excitement on the Nasdaq has been driven by a number of high-profile stock market debuts, including the debut of Amazon-backed electric car maker Rivian Automotive, the biggest IPO of the year.
Of the capital raised, SPACs IPOs accounted for $96.76 billion, while traditional IPOs raised $94.63 billion. On the NYSE, these figures amounted to $56.27 billion and $52.9 billion, respectively.
The exchange is nearing the end of the year with the most listings on U.S. exchanges in 20 years with 4,133 operating companies, SPACs and exchange-traded funds (ETFs), the Nasdaq said. This figure exceeds the 2001 mark, when the exchange placed 4,109 listings on the exchange.
According to Dealogic, taking into account several weeks until the end of 2021, the IPO volume in the United States in 2021 amounted to $301.26 billion, which surpassed last year's record of $168 billion.
Both the New York Stock Exchange and the Nasdaq Exchange earn income from fees from companies that list their shares on trading floors. For example, Nasdaq is a more affordable platform for companies due to the low commission - $159,000 in annual fees for the number of securities issued.
The commission on the New York Stock Exchange is $500 thousand. Executives at the New York Stock Exchange believe it is wrong to judge the platform's performance based only on IPO earnings.[2]
Company launch to trade company shares before their IPO
On July 21, 2021, it became known that the Nasdaq exchange entered into an agreement with major American banks, including Goldman Sachs and Morgan Stanley, to develop its platform allowing people to trade shares in private companies that enjoy great interest from investors seeking to make high returns on investments. Read more here.
2020
6 Nasdaq 100 companies occupy about 49 percent of the index's total capitalization
Nasdaq hit 10,000 points for first time in history
Record number of deals
In June 2020, more than 6 billion shares of various companies were sold on the Nasdaq over three days.
This is an absolute record for the entire existence of the exchange.
Tighter IPO rules to deter Chinese companies
On May 19, 2020, it became known about the decision of the American Nasdaq exchange to introduce new rules for the initial placement of shares - a step that will make it difficult for some Chinese companies to conduct an IPO on this site and continue the economic confrontation between the two powers.
The new rules will require companies from some countries, including China, to raise at least $25 million in an IPO, or, alternatively, at least a quarter of their market capitalization determined by the results of the share offering.
Nasdaq does not plan to explicitly mention companies from in its innovation, China but the changes are largely driven by concerns about some Chinese IPO hopefuls' lack of accounting transparency and close ties to powerful insiders.
So, in April 2020, the Chinese coffee chain Luckin Coffee, which placed shares on the Nasdaq in 2019, announced that according to the results of an internal investigation, it was found that the chief financial officer of the company, in collusion with other employees, fabricated sales transactions.
Nasdaq sets a minimum IPO size for the first time. The change would have prevented some Chinese companies currently listed from going public. Of the 155 Chinese companies that have been listed since 2000, 40 have raised less than $25 million in IPOs, according to Refinitiv data.
The Nasdaq has already imposed some restrictions in 2019, seeking to limit the IPOs of smaller Chinese firms. Their shares often trade weakly as most remain in the hands of several insiders. Their low liquidity makes them unattractive to the many big institutional investors the exchange seeks to please.[3]
2017: Computer glitch
On July 3, 2017, the Nasdaq exchange announced that due to "incorrectly" processed data, it seemed that shares of Apple, Amazon and Google had collapsed.
Popular financial services Google Finance and Yahoo Finance showed the same share value of all three companies - $123.47. So for Amazon, that would mean an 87% drop in value, while in fact the drop was just 1.5% and the share price held at $953.66.
The Nasdaq officially said that "third parties mistakenly disseminated the data, and this is not related to the Nasdaq."
Nasdaq officials also noted that all data was received by 5:16 p.m., as expected due to the early market close.
| | Any data received after 17:16 shall be considered test data not related to direct data from the recipient's databases. The system of admission of securities (UTP) registered on at least one of the exchanges circulated a request to all third parties to return to official Nasdaq prices at the time of the exchange's closing at 17:16, the exchange said in a statement. | |
MarketWatch reported a significant increase in traffic on the site, as excited investors tried to find out what happened after trading.
The error could have arisen due to the fact that trading on Monday did not last all day, which was associated with the celebration of Independence Day in the United States, writes the Financial Times.
At 10 a.m. on Tuesday, July 4, a post from Nasdaq appeared on Twitter convincing all investors that third-party vendors are currently working to resolve the situation as quickly as possible.[4]
2013: Nasdaq agrees to pay $10M for disruption during Facebook stock offering
In exchange for removal of claims by the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission the Nasdaq exchange agreed to pay 10 million dollars. It is the largest sum from all ever paid by the exchanges under agreements with the commission.
Because of malfunctions in the Nasdaq trading system during placement of shares of Facebook which took place in May of last year the execution of more than 30 thousand trade applications was delayed. Malfunctions as established investigation, were caused by the mistake in the software included at realization of the changes entered before placement of shares of Facebook in rules of the auction. Though before crossing of applications at the exchange found discrepancy between estimated prices and volume of applications and the actual volumes in the system of Nasdaq, due measures for correction of mistakes it was not undertaken, it is said in the statement of Securities and Exchange Commission. Rukovditeli exchange prinyali a number of nevernykh resheny. In particular, at an emergency meeting they decided not to postpone the beginning of a secondary trading in shares of Facebook, considering that the problem in the trading system was solved. It obzy, Nasdaq violated own rules of the auction that, in turn, was violation of the law.
2012: NASDAQ moves to cloud
NASDAQ entered into an agreement with Amazon to transfer brokerage information to the cloud space of an Internet company, Bloomberg reported on September 26, 2012.
The exchange company plans to transfer data and other information of an archival nature to the cloud, the safety of which is required by regulatory services. USA NASDAQ believes that in this way brokers will get rid of the need to create their own data centers.
All information will be encrypted in accordance with the requirements of the exchange.
Amazon's division, Amazon Web Services, will provide technology infrastructure and data center management, according to the agreement. The service provider will be FinQloud.
Brokers will pay for the new service in accordance with the amount of data stored (per gigabyte - editor's note). The cloud can store not only exchange information by a bidder, but also any other data.
Also, the cloud service is planned to be used as a router for requests from brokers to other US markets.
Amazon expects to be able to offer customers additional data storage and processing services in the cloud, and NASDAQ plans that innovation will attract new companies and thereby increase profits from exchange services.
Amazon claims that moving to the cloud will help significantly reduce the cost of storing and processing data, and in the longer term, reduce the cost of the exchange for operating IT systems.
NASDAQ is confident that new technology services will help offset the decline in trading revenues. So the profit of the exchange in the 2 quarter of 2012 grew by 2.2% to 424 million, dollars which is higher than the weighted average forecast of analysts.
2010: Hackers infiltrate Nasdaq
Throughout 2010, hackers at least several times gained access to the Internet service of the Nasdaq exchange, created for issuing companies so that they could safely exchange confidential information, according to the Wall Street Journal.
The attackers managed to gain access to the Directors Desk service, in which more than 10 thousand users are registered, exchanging strategic information about more than 300 enterprises in the world. By accessing it, the attackers did not manipulate the information or download it. The electronic trading platform itself was also not affected by their actions.
Investigators are currently trying to establish the motives for the crime, considering, in particular, versions of obtaining insider information for the profitable sale of securities, theft of commercial secrets and the disabling of the exchange itself, which would be a threat to the United States on a national scale.
The US Secret Service, a federal agency subordinate to the National Security Agency, began investigating the incident last year. Later, the FBI also joined him. The Nasdaq OMX Group, which manages the Nasdaq computer network, confirmed the fact of the hack - immediately after the publication of the article in the WSJ.
According to preliminary data, the attacks came from Russia, but this should not necessarily mean that Russian hackers are behind them. It is possible that users' computers were themselves compromised, while the initiators of the attacks were in other countries. According to experts, hackers did not steal any information, but only conducted reconnaissance, which is standard practice.
According to official information, Nasdaq is the world's largest exchange for companies in the high-tech sector with a total capitalization of $1.8 trillion. On it, for example, the shares of companies, Apple,, and are quoted Google Microsoft. IBM Oracle
Notes
Stock price dynamics
| Ticker company on the exchange: | NASDAQ:NDAQ |
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