Ilya Glazunov Academy of Painting

The Russian Academy of Painting, Sculpture and Architecture of Ilya Glazunov is a higher art educational institution. Address: Moscow, Myasnitskaya street, 21, building 1.

Building facade in 2023

The goals of the institution are the revival of the great traditions of the domestic and European fine arts, defending the position of high realism.

Facade of the building from the side of Myasnitskaya street in 2023

In Yushkov's house you can see stairs of the late 18th century, a marble fireplace of the 19th century, fragments of ceiling painting, columns and stucco decoration dating back to the 18th-19th centuries.

History

1988: Institute of Painting, Sculpture and Art Pedagogy

In the 1980s, it was transferred to the Institute of Painting, Sculpture and Art Pedagogy. Later, the institution became the Russian Academy of Painting, Sculpture and Architecture of Ilya Glazunov.

1918

Artist Ilya Mashkov conducts his workshop on the principles of workshops of the Middle Ages and the Early Renaissance

After the October Revolution, artist Ilya Mashkov actively participated in the transformation of the Moscow School of Painting, Sculpture and Architecture into Free Art Workshops.

Students recalled that Mashkov organized his workshop on the principles of pre-academic workshops of the Middle Ages and the Early Renaissance. He called his students "apprentices" and demanded that they deal with everyday issues, master craft skills and even stay overnight, as their distant predecessors, who lived in the house of their masters, did.

Purely practically such a principle of organizing the educational process was optimal in the conditions of war communism, with its total shortage and natural exchange. The solution of everyday issues by joint efforts contributed to the fact that, unlike other workshops, Mashkovskaya did not close for a single day. At the same time, the tasks of mastering craft skills were quite consistent with artistic technical installations of early Soviet institutes.

Finally, Mashkov's personal interest was also present, who introduced his method of work as universal, allowing him to enter a large picturesque tradition, and then "another Renaissance will come," as Ekaterina Zernova recalled.

In the process of teaching, Mashkov talked a lot about the relationship of color and form as vision and touch. His original methodology involved the development of coloristic perception based on constant work from nature, thanks to which it is possible exacerbate and differentiate color sensations. Already from the late 1910s, the artist actively introduced objects that differ in materials and texture into his productions. And if students wrote them monotonously, then the master could demonstratively knock on this or that subject with the words that if you can hear the difference in sounds, then why it cannot be seen.

His catchphrase that "painting must go from the stomach" is often misunderstood, and combined with the practice of regular exercise that Mashkov cultivated in his workshop, it can be attributed to a kind of naturalism, health care. But it's not that simple with this physiological approach to art. Appeals to physiology are caused by Mashkov's desire working at the level of primary sensations - visual and tangible, which in principle is difficult, since they are very quickly overlapped by feelings and emotions. Of course, all this can be material for distracted artistic construction, but Mashkov was interested in the construction of visual sensations.

Not all students understood why such a hierarchy was needed, they had already mastered the revolutionary principles of universal equality, and the prospect of leaving for the Renaissance they were little attracted, since they did not respond to requests for modernity.

State Free Art Workshops

In 1918, the State Free Art Workshops were located in Yushkov's house, which were then transformed into the Higher Art and Technical Workshops (Vkhutemas), and later into the Higher Art and Technical Institute. After that, the building was occupied by various organizations.

1904: New educational and residential buildings, as well as an exhibition hall

At the end of the 19th century, a four-story educational building was added to Yushkov's house in Bobrov Lane, and at the beginning of the 20th century, two eight-story buildings for professors and students were erected in the courtyard of the school. In the same years, according to the drawings of architect Nikolai Kurdyukov, an exhibition hall building was built in the courtyard. Its glazed roof was designed by designer Vladimir Shukhov.

1898: Mikhail Larionov becomes a student at the school. Among the teachers Serov, Korovin and Klyuchevsky

The educational institution received the status of higher in 1896.

In 1898, Mikhail Larionov entered the Moscow School of Painting, Sculpture and Architecture at the general education department.

During this period, changes took place at the school: new teachers came - V.A. Serov, K.A. Korovin, excellent professors taught general subjects, including a history course taught by V.O. Klyuchevsky. Among others, Larionov met Vladimir Mayakovsky at the school.

1885

MUZHVZ building on the corner of Myasnitskaya and Bobrov Lane (photo 1880-1885)

1865: Beginning of Architecture Teaching

Since 1865, architecture began to be taught at the school.

1844: The Moscow Art Society fully bought the building for 35 thousand rubles

Presumably, in 1844, the Moscow Art Society completely bought the building for 35 thousand rubles in silver.

1838: Moscow Art Society removed one of the halls for drawing classes

In 1838, the Moscow Art Society removed one of the halls for the placement of drawing classes.

1820s: Yushkov House

Yushkov House is one of the most striking monuments of urban architecture. The main manor house consists of two four-story buildings. The facades of the house face Myasnitskaya Street and Bobrov Lane.

The use of architectural techniques with an angular half-tunnel was dictated by new urban planning requirements for the transformation of Moscow. Red city plan lines at intersections prescribed corner rounding. The facades of residential buildings, now facing the street, reflected the prestige of their owners. Similar buildings in Moscow became known as coal houses.

After the death of Lieutenant General Ivan Yushkov, the unfinished house passed to his widow. Then the estate was inherited by their son Peter Yushkov. The house was already completed at the same time. By the 1830s, the owner went bankrupt and began to rent out the premises. A wine store and an office selling paper canvases were opened there.