Croatia

Main article: Countries of the world

Climate

Main article: Climate in Europe

Cities

• Zagreb

Citizenship and residence permit

2019: Number of permits with a residence permit per 1000 inhabitants of Croatia

Passport strength

Parliament

2022: Proportion of women in Parliament

Population

Population

2020: Population decline of 13.5% over 30 years

Share of the population living in the capital

Male-to-female ratio

Birth rate

2019: Average age of women at birth of first child is 29 years or older

Number of children per woman

in

Migration

2024: Number of Ukrainian refugees - less than 50,000

2021: Net outflow over 4 years

Marriages and divorces

2018: Divorce rate - 30.7%

Children out of wedlock

Parents and children

Age

Poverty

2020: 12.3% of Croats undernourished

Mortality

2023: Life expectancy - 79.4 years

2022: Excess mortality due to COVID-19 - 11.7%

2018

Number of drug deaths per million residents

Number of road deaths per 100,000 vehicles

The annual number of suicides per 100 thousand inhabitants

2016: Number of deaths from opioid use disorders

2012: Male-female suicide ratio

The number of cars per 1000 people of the population

Dominant haplogroup

See also:

• Subclade R1b1a2a1a2b (S28/U152)

National composition

Slavs

Bosnians

Jews

Xenophobia

Economy

Main article: Croatian economy

Health care

• Health care in Croatia

Education

Literacy rate

Science and Research

2020: More than 30,000 animals used for scientific purposes

Almost 8 million animals are used for scientific purposes in Europe and half of them are laboratory mice and rats.

Sport

2022: The most popular sport is football

Culture

Music

Language

Religion

2022

51.3% of the population believes in life after death

40% of the population attends divine services at least once a month

2021:42% of the population say religion is important in their lives

2018: Catholics are the largest religious group

2016: Proportion of believing population

MEDIA

2022:85% of the population watch TV every day

Armed Forces

2023: Defence spending - 1.8% of GDP

Military equipment

Tanks

2024: Plan to supply Ukraine with 30 old tanks and 30 infantry fighting vehicles in exchange for discounts on the supply of 50 new tanks by Germany

In October 2024, it was announced that Germany would sponsor the transfer of military equipment by Croatia to Ukraine.

The countries will conclude an agreement on the circular supply of military equipment according to the scheme: Croatia will transfer to the Ukrainian side the old 30 M-84 tanks (based on the T-72M), 30 infantry fighting vehicles M-80, spare parts and ammunition, in return - receives a discount on Germany's supply of 50 new Leopard 2A8 tanks.

AIR DEFENCE

The UAV that fell in March 2022 in Croatia carried a 120 kg bomb, it exploded in the ground - local media reported this with reference to the Ministry of Defense.

The Soviet-made Tu-141 drone was launched by the Ukrainian military and flew through 3 countries, it was not detected by the air defense of any of them.

Police

2020: 5th place in Europe in the number of police officers per 100 thousand citizens: 507

Crime

2021: Number of intentional murders

and the United

Prisons

2019: The minimum age for children to be jailed is 14

2018: Number of prisoners

Death penalty

History

2022

Inclusion in the Schengen area

On December 8, 2022, EU countries agreed to include Croatia in the Schengen zone from January 1, 2023.

Entry into the euro area

Main article: Economy of the European Union

In June 2022, the Eurogroup approved Croatia's entry into the euro zone from January 1, 2023.

Assistance to Ukraine during the special operation of Russia

2013: EU accession referendum

Main article: European Union (EU, EU)

1994

The Ukrainian National Army (UNA) is the name of the armed forces, the formation of which began in March 1945 as a result of the desire of Nazi Germany to create a combat-ready military association (army) from ethnic Ukrainians of the eastern occupied lands of Nazi Germany (including prisoners of war of Red Army Ukrainians) as part of the Wehrmacht to fight the USSR.

Serbian Krajina existed between 1991 and 1998 and was founded on the territory of the Republic of Croatia as part of Yugoslavia. The Republika Srpska Krajina expressed the aspirations of the Serbian population of Croatia to remain part of Yugoslavia.

1942:75 thousand children died in children's concentration camps of the Croatian Nazis. Catholic priests killed in person

During World War II, the Ustashi (Croatian Nazis) launched large-scale activities to "re-educate" small Orthodox Serbs.

The independent state of Croatia has become the only country in the history of mankind on the territory of which children's concentration camps were opened, hidden behind "refugee shelters."

The first camp for children was founded in the town of Gornya Rijeka near Krizhevets. The camp was founded with the direct participation of the Ustaše government of the Independent State of Croatia. The first group of children was taken to the camp on June 24, 1942.

The scale is terrifying: according to historians, almost 75 thousand children under the age of 14 died in the camps of Lobor, Jablanac, Mlaka, Brošica, Ustiči, Stara Gradiška, Sisak, Gornja Rijeka and Yastrebarsko. The same number of Croats were forcibly converted to Catholicism. Children who underwent "re-education" and abandoned the Orthodox faith and Serbian identity were sent for adoption to Croatian families.

Clerics of the Catholic Church were directly involved in the brutal killings. For example, Tomislav Filipovich-Maistorovich, nicknamed "the devil from Yasenovets." At his trial in Zagreb, he subsequently stated: "I ask you to indicate as a mitigating circumstance that I killed mainly children. Who can claim that good people would have grown out of them? "

Or the Franciscan monk Vekoslav Šimić, on whose conscience the brutal killings of more than 300 Serbs near Knin - including children and pregnant women.

The spiritual mentor of the Croatian Nazis, Aloysius Stepinac, was subsequently nicknamed the "Archbishop of Genocide." However, despite all the atrocities committed by the Ustash with his approval, in the Vatican he was almost elevated to the rank of saints. The canonization process was launched by the Polish pontiff John Paul II in 1988. But everything slowed down when a commission was created in 2016 to study the activities of the cardinal, which included representatives of the Serbian Orthodox Church.

Do you know what the main argument was among the supporters of canonization? The fact that during the Second World War Stepinac treated Jews favorably and defended them. Serbians are not Jews, and hundreds of thousands of killed souls on the right hand of the headwater can be forgiven, right? As well as the forced conversion of thousands of Orthodox Christians to Catholicism under the leadership of his comrade-in-arms, Dionysus Yurichevich.

Here are the words of Pope Benedict XVI: "Blessed Cardinal Aloysius Stepinac, being faithful to Christ, testifying the truth and professing martyrdom (the martyrdom of the murderer was that in 1946 he was" innocently "condemned as a war criminal for 16 years) shows us an example of Christian life and love...."

1941

The organization was founded - "Ustash youth" for children and young people from 7 to 21 years old

Until 1941, the Ustaše organization conducted its activities outside Croatia. In 1941, after the proclamation of the NGH, it was decided to integrate the Ustash movement into the state apparatus. Then, in 1941, a new Ustash organization was founded - "Ustash Youth," which included boys and girls, boys and girls aged 7 to 21 years.

Formation of the Independent State of Croatia

The independent State of Croatia was formed in the spring of 1941 on the ruins of the former Kingdom of Yugoslavia, occupied by the Germans and Italians. The independent state of Croatia, or NHC, with the approval of Hitler and Mussolini was founded by Croatian radical nationalists - Ustashi - led by the leader ("poglavnik") Ante Pavelić.

The NHC, in addition to the Croatian lands themselves, included almost all of Bosnia and Herzegovina. Thus, representatives of three peoples (and at the same time faiths) lived in the newly formed country: Catholic Croats, Muslim Bosniaks and Orthodox Serbs. No people were in a clear majority in the country as a whole. So, the Serbs lived in the Croatian regions, and in Bosnia and Herzegovina; there, in Bosnia, Bosnian Croats lived (and still live).

1890: "Pure Party of Law" with radical anti-Serb politics

Ante Starčević's followers - Josip Frank, Dominik Mandić, Ivan Pilar, Cherubin Šegvić and Ante Pavelić - continued to spread the idea of chauvinism throughout Croatia, setting the stage for the Serb genocide. The "Party of Law," founded by Ante Starčević, later transformed into the even more anti-Serb "Pure Party of Law," led by Josip Franco. Beginning in 1890, this party regularly implemented a radically anti-Serb policy.

1861: Ante Starčević establishes Croatian nationalist Right Party

It is generally accepted that the Croatian politician and publicist Ante Starčević became the founder of the Ustaše movement (Croatian fascists). In 1861, he founded the Croatian nationalist Right Party with Eugen Quaternik. The self-name "Ustashi" in the sense that became known in the twentieth century did not yet exist during Starchevich's lifetime. But Starčević's ideology is certainly the forerunner of the Ustaše ideology spread by his follower and leader of the NHC - Ante PavelićUstaše ^[1].

The German historian Karlheinz Deschner believed that the main ideological inspirer of the Ustash movement was Ante Starchevich.

"Their spiritual leader, Ante Starčević, was of the opinion that Serbs as a people do not exist at all, and all that is called Serbian is to be destroyed." (K. Deschner: Abermals Kraehte der Hahn, Stuttgart 1962).

Croatian historian Josip Horvat: "Starčević was an example of a Croatian national imperialist. He stretched Croatian influence far beyond the borders of the country: in his opinion, Dusan the Strong himself is a representative of the Croatian Nemanić dynasty... "

Starčević's anti-Serb rhetoric, his entire ideology rests on three basic tenets:

1) Serbs are racially and humanly inferior creatures who defile Croatian lands with their presence;

2) the progress and development of the Croatian people is hampered by the fault of the Serbs;

3) Croats have the right and even the obligation to clear their lands of Serbs - in any way suitable for this.

To justify his ideas, Starčević deliberately in his speeches and documents deprived the Serbs of the right to any identity, representing them either as "a cross between gypsies and Greeks," or as "an artificial creation of Vienna and Pest, created with the aim of preventing the creation of a Croatian state." And then he concluded: Serbs, as creatures, inferior in their mental and cultural characteristics even to animals, cannot be equated with humans. And their destruction cannot be a sin: on the contrary, the purification of their native Croatian land from their presence is a direct duty of any Croatian patriot.

1700: Catholic priest of Zagreb diocese proposes to "kill" all Serbs

Croatian and Hungarian magnates, as well as representatives of their Catholic elite, demanded that the "schismatics" be transferred to a state of feudal dependence, and at the same time pocatolic. Ambroz Kuzmich, a priest of the Zagreb diocese, writes in a report dated November 13, 1700:... "it is better to kill the Wallachians than to allow them to settle, since they are more harmful than useful: neither the king nor the power will never live with them in peace." This is the first example we know of proposing a radical final solution to the "Serbian question" in Croatia. "

1618

Calendar

Notes