| Developers: | Microsoft |
| Date of the premiere of the system: | 1993/07/27 |
| Branches: | Information technologies |
| Technology: | OS |
Content |
Windows NT 3.1 is the first operating system of the NT family released in July 27, 1993. Windows NT 3.1 was published in two options: server and client systems.
In August, 1991, at the Microsoft Windows Developers Conference conference the working version of the Microsoft Windows NT operating system which included the new features necessary for work of crucial applications, and the organizations of client-server calculations was for the first time shown. A system was focused on the market of high-end servers and workstations.
In July, 1993 were put on the market by Microsoft Windows NT 3.1 and Microsoft Windows NT Advanced Server 3.1. They used the same graphical interface that Microsoft Windows 3.1, however it were completely 32nd bit operating systems with high reliability and performance. Existence of well thought over system of protection and the special file system (NTFS) which is effectively distributing access rights to resources became main advantage of Windows NT over other operating systems.
Specific Features
Unlike Windows in which the multitasking without replacement (non-preemptive multitasking) is implemented in Windows NT the multitasking mechanism with replacement (preemptive multitasking) is used.
Windows NT supports the symmetric multiprocessor organization of computation process according to which [the operating system|OS] can be executed on any free processor or on all processors at the same time, separating memory between them. Considering that the multitasking is implemented at the level of threads, different parts of the same process can be executed really in parallel. Therefore, mnogonitevy servers can service more than one client.
For management of Windows NT threads uses the mechanism of priorities. At certain moments assessment of priorities and redistribution of threads on processors therefore consecutive stages of one flow of the program can be executed by different processors or be postponed until release of the next processor are made.
Windows NT provides runtime environment not only for applications with the initial program interface Win32 API. At accomplishment on Intel processors the protected subsystems of Windows NT provide binary compatibility of existing applications of Microsoft corporation, including MS-DOS, Win16, OS/2. On MIPS RISC processors the binary compatibility is reached for applications of MS-DOS and 16-bit Windows applications (using emulation). Windows NT provides also compatibility at the level of source texts for POSIX-applications which firmly adhere to the interface defined in the IEEE 1003.1 standard.
Windows NT supports the MS-DOS file system - FAT, OS/2 file system - HPFS and own NTFS file system.
Unlike the majority of other operating systems, by Windows NT it was initially developed taking into account an opportunity for work in network. As a result of it functions of file sharing, devices and objects are built in the interface with the user. Windows NT 3.1 includes support of three network protocols: NBF TCP/IP and DLC.
See Also
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