Bioprosthesis of the pulmonary valve for children with difficult heart diseases

On March 1, 2019 there was information that specialists of the National Medical Research Center (NMRC) of E.N. Meshalkin (Novosibirsk) created type of a bioprosthesis of the pulmonary valve for children with difficult heart diseases. Similar substitutes of the pulmonary valve manufacture in the USA. As representatives of NMITs believe, service life of a domestic product will be higher, than at the American analogs, and cost — 10 times less that will allow to apply it in large quantities.

The bioprosthesis of the valve of a pulmonary artery is made of the jugular vein of a bull processed in a special way. According to creators, this material is optimal for such prosthesis.

The jugular vein of a bull contains the intra vascular three-leaved valve similar on structure to the valve of a pulmonary artery — Natalia Nichay, the children's cardiovascular surgeon, the candidate of medical sciences, the research associate of the Center of the NMITs new surgical technologies of E.N. Meshalkin noted. — There is a reserve of fabric higher and lower than the valve that gives the chance to model a prosthesis taking into account features of heart disease. Besides, from a jugular vein of a bull we can create valves of different diameters — both for adults, and for children.

According to data for the beginning of 2019, in the world one and a half million children with heart disease annually are born, at the same time, according to physicians, implantation of the valve is necessary to every third of them.

As noted, the American company Medtronic is engaged in production of similar valve prostheses, but their cost is very high — about 3 million rubles. In 2018 Rusfond paid such prosthesis for 13-year-old Kolya Makarenko from Tomsk. By estimates of the Novosibirsk developers, the domestic implant will cost from 300 to 500 thousand rubles.

As you know, valves quickly enough fail — mainly, because of adjournment of calcium salts in them therefore shutters of a prosthesis become rough, slow-moving and cease to open and be closed completely. As result, children should change bioprostheses several times. According to representatives of NMITs, the Novosibirsk implant will accumulate more slowly deposits thanks to special processing of material. For the first time in the world for processing of a bull vein scientists used epoxy connection in combination with the bisfosfonovy acids synthesized at the Novosibirsk institute of organic chemistry of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Science.

In general the prosthesis is intended for open heart operations using artificial blood circulation, but doctors and scientists already actively work on creation of option of a prosthesis and for endovascular surgery (the implant is delivered to an installation site through a vessel, at this heart does not stop).

As of March 1 of hazrabotanny in Novosibirsk the prosthesis goes through a final stage of preclinical tests: it is implanted to dwarfish pigs — minipiga — the anatomy of their heart is most similar to anatomy of children's heart. Are going to come to a stage of clinical trials with participation of patients in 2020.^[1]

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