| Developers: | St. Petersburg State Polytechnic University (SPbPU) of Peter the Great |
| Date of the premiere of the system: | 2022/08/29 |
| Branches: | Pharmaceuticals, Medicine, Healthcare |
The main articles are:
2022: Announcement of a device for diagnosing the cardiovascular system using a smartphone
The St. Petersburg Polytechnic University of Peter the Great created a prototype of a device that will allow the patient to independently monitor the state of the cardiovascular system. The technology is developed on the basis of fiber-optic sensors, data from which is transmitted to a regular smartphone. Thanks to the use of simple parts, the portable device comes out 4 times cheaper than classic photoplethysmographs. This was announced on August 29, 2022 by representatives of SPBPU.
As reported, for diagnostics warmly a vascular system, a fiber-optic sensor is located on human skin a nearby carotid or brachial artery. smartphone Using a flashlight, a beam of light is directed into the fiber. During heart ejection blood , the pulse wave spreads from through aortas the vessels, causing them to expand. The change in blood filling of the vessels results in deformation of the fiber optic sensor, which in turn affects the intensity and delay of the reflected light. Reflected light carrying information about the parameters of the heart cycle is recorded by the smartphone camera. Further, specialists carry out detailed processing and interpretation of the received signals.
The results of the analysis allow you to calculate the heart rate, identify heart rhythm disorders, warn about abnormalities in the form of a pulse wave. Thanks to these data, doctors will be able to diagnose hypertension, thrombosis, atherosclerosis, as well as varicose veins. If the patient is healthy, then the walls of the arteries are elastic and the pulse wave spreads at a low speed, about 5 m per second. If there are disorders in the work of the cardiovascular system, then changes occur in the pulse wave: its speed increases or reflection increases.
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 | Both traditional pulse wave analysis devices and fitness bracelets and smartwatches do not read information so accurately. Plethysmographs and pulse oximeters put pressure on the skin, pinch the vessels, which distorts the pulse signal. And the smartwatch measures the signal in the small blood vessels of the surface layers of the skin, which also affects the accuracy of the data. In addition, photoplethysmography does not have the ability to separate light signals scattered in blood vessels and the tissues surrounding them, which also leads to signal distortions. The fibre used in our development is very soft and flexible. It contacts the skin locally at the points of passage of the arteries and does not exert pressure on the vessels, due to which the signal distortion is minimal, and the read data is more accurate. told the project manager Nikolai Ushakov, candidate of physical and mathematical sciences, researcher at the Fiber Optics Laboratory of the Institute of Electronics and Telecommunications of SPBPU |  |
In the near future, scientists plan to modify the technology, ensuring the possibility of non-invasive glucose measurement, which is extremely important for the control of diabetes mellitus. The project for the development of fiber-optic sensors was supported by the program of the Ministry of Education and Science of Russia "Priority 2030."
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