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Ecology in Russia
Main article: Ecology in Russia
2024
How the digitalization of ecology is taking place in Russia
In April 2024, it became known about the processes of digitalization in the field of ecology in Russia. In particular, we are talking about the use of artificial intelligence technologies.
As Vedomosti writes with reference to Anastasia Opanasenko, a leading researcher at the Center for Sustainable Development of the Skolkovo School of Management, AI solutions are used in Russia, for example, in air pollution control systems that allow identifying industrial sources of emissions, predicting environmental risks and preventing adverse events at enterprises. As examples, she cited waste sorting and recycling systems (optical separators installed at waste sorting stations, designed to quickly and efficiently separate waste without human participation).
In addition, according to Opanasenko, by April 2024, projects are being implemented in Russia aimed at preserving biodiversity, a system for predicting natural disasters in order to promptly respond (in particular, a system for using AI to detect and timely extinguish forest fires is being tested in Udmurtia).
According to Dmitry Zamolodchikov, academic mentor of the master's program "Management of Low-Carbon Development" at the Higher School of Economics, satellite systems in Russia are involved in monitoring wildfires (ISDM-Rosleskhoz system), assessing the balance of carbon in forests (Carbon-E system of the Space Research Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences) and identifying violations of forest cover (international project Global forest watch).
 | Now we see that a sharp increase in computing power and the active introduction of AI in the context of digitalization of the economy can potentially significantly expand our capabilities to solve environmental problems, "says Timur Tursunov, director of the group for the provision of services in the field of sustainable development of the consulting company DRT. |  |
He listed several cases of digitalization of the environmental sphere: forecasting climate change and disaster management, agriculture in terms of optimizing the use of water resources, applying fertilizers and pesticides and increasing yields, monitoring the state of the environment, as well as regulating and controlling the activities of companies in terms of their compliance with environmental standards. He mentions the World Ecological Situation Center (WESR) as one of the striking projects. This initiative uses AI to analyze complex datasets, offering real-time analysis and forecasts for various environmental factors such as CO2 concentration, glacier mass change and sea level rise. WESR is designed to be a comprehensive platform for monitoring Earth's vital environmental indicators, essentially acting as a "mission control center" for the planet.
The Ministry of Natural Resources told the publication that artificial intelligence helped calculate the number of polar bears on the territory of the Bear Islands reserve: drones were used for this, with the help of which 25 thousand photographs were obtained for further processing by the neural network.
In addition, as noted in the department, AI is used in geophysical work (at the early stages of geological exploration), helps to analyze data for drilling exploration wells, predict the content of useful in minerals the field and estimate the volume of polluting emissions into the atmosphere in the cities of the federal project "Clean Air." Russian Environmental Operator (REO) And we have a project digital twins for solid municipal waste landfills (MSW).[1]
Development of AI services to find illegal quarries and landfills
In mid-April 2024, it became known that five new environmental services for regional authorities would be launched on the GosTech platform. These are systems under the names "Waste Cadastre," "Ekonadzor," "Ekonmointoring," "Tourism in Specially Protected Natural Areas" and "Ekokarier."
According to CNews, it is planned to use artificial intelligence technologies as part of the services. Such tools, among other things, will help in identifying illegal quarries and landfills, as well as increase the effectiveness of analyzing the results of environmental air monitoring. The services will interact with the federal state information system (FSIS) "Economotoring," for which 16 areas of work are provided: these are wildlife objects, Lake Baikal ecosystem, water bodies, radiation situation, hunting resources, atmospheric air, state and pollution of the environment, the state of the subsoil, permafrost, aquatic biological resources, continental shelf, etc.
Within the framework of the Waste Cadastre system, it is planned to maintain a waste log in electronic form and provide operational analytics. In addition, it will be possible to identify potential violations by conducting counter-checks on data provided by various organizations to identify possible contradictions.
The direction "Ekonadzor" involves the creation of data registers on subjects, objects, monitoring, permits, reporting and the formation of an archive of control and supervisory measures with geo-binding. It is planned to create services for providing reliable information on the state of atmospheric air (in the future - and water bodies) from a single official source, determining the environmental attractiveness of territories for potential investors, etc.
In the field of "Tourism in specially protected natural areas" it is proposed to increase the involvement of citizens in the development of the industry by discussing and voting for the proposed projects. In addition, an understandable mechanism will be created for investing in the development of this area. As part of the Ecocariere service, illegal quarries and other types of mining operations will be identified using technologies. AI It is planned to organize the reception of applications for illegal mining facilities minerals and carry out geospatial analysis of data on production sites.
2023: The Government of the Russian Federation approved a strategy for the digital transformation of the ecology and nature management industry. Main provisions
In December 2023, Prime Minister Mikhail Mishustin signed a decree approving the strategic direction in the field of digital transformation of the ecology and nature management industry related to the activities of the Ministry of Natural Resources and Ecology of the Russian Federation. As noted in the Cabinet, the purpose of the document is to regulate the creation of a single digital space for solving environmental and environmental management problems. It will be formed through the integration of 10 departmental information systems based on the GosTech platform.
The strategic direction is approved until 2030 and gradually covers environmental protection, hydrometeorology, monitoring and management of forest and water resources, subsoil use, the system waste management, management of specially protected natural areas, support for ecological tourism, monitoring and conservation of biological diversity, state environmental control, management and conservation of hunting resources. The main tasks of the digital transformation of the ecology and nature management industry include:
- formation and development of a digital platform for environmental monitoring services ensuring management of environmental activities and environmental safety;
- creation, implementation and development of effective digital solutions (platforms) in the fields of ecology and environmental management, including on the basis of new digital technologies;
- increasing the share of Russian digital solutions and the availability of Russian critical digital technologies;
- achievement of the specified level of "digital maturity" of the ecology and nature management industry.
As part of the digital transformation of the ecology and nature management industry, it is planned to introduce the following technologies:
- artificial intelligence;
- Big Data Technologies
- distributed registry (blockchain) systems;
- cloud computing;
- unmanned aerial vehicles;
- digital twins;
- internet of things
- remote sensing technology. Lands
On December 25, 2023, Mikhail Mishustin noted that federal state information systems are already being created on the most important issues. In one of them, databases of information about the state of the environment are formed, and in the other, Roshydromet data will be stored and processed. According to the head of the Cabinet, the services being created will expand control over water and forest resources, as well as the state of the subsoil and work on waste management.
New elements of a single digital space will be an electronic platform for state environmental control and an information system in the field of hunting and conservation of hunting resources. It is assumed that at least 450 thousand digital environmental profiles of enterprises will appear on this platform, and all issues will be resolved in the "one window" mode. As conceived by the authors of the project, the IT system on hunting and hunting resources will allow you to receive up-to-date data on the state of hunting farms, which is necessary to approve the appropriate limits and quotas. In addition, such a system will simplify the interaction of hunters with government officials.
As Mishustin emphasized, all this activity is accompanied by a consistent transition to domestic software products. This transition is scheduled to be completed by 2030.
| | We hope that the further introduction of the latest technologies in ecology and environmental management will improve the quality of life of people, - added the head of the Cabinet, whose words are quoted by the press service of the government. | |
Government of the Russian Federation Order of December 15, 2023 No. 3664-r
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