Cutrit

2024: Russian scientists have proven the effectiveness of three-level quantum systems - cutrites

Scientists of the University of MISIS, the Russian Quantum Center, FIAN named after Lebedev and MIPT demonstrated the performance of three-level quantum systems - cutrites at once on two types of domestic quantum processors - superconductor and ion. With the help of cutrites, the researchers simulated a non-equilibrium phase transition of violation of parity and time symmetry. Such symmetry is broken if an isolated physical system begins to interact with the surrounding world, while losing some of its energy. This was announced on April 1, 2024 by representatives of the University of MISIS.

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As reported, it is generally accepted that the elementary cell of quantum information is a quantum bit (qubit) - a two-level quantum system capable of being both in states 0 or 1 and simultaneously in their superposition. However, the capabilities of many physical systems are markedly wider, and the number of levels in a basic quantum cell may be greater than two. The use of these additional levels gives an increase in the performance of a quantum processor with the same number of elementary cells.

The work Russian scientists contains several achievements at once. First, it was performed, algorithm which made it possible to simulate various modes of attenuating oscillations of some abstract quantum system on a quantum processor. A similar concept has already been proposed by a scientific group, Helsinki Aalto University however, the Finnish unlike our colleagues, our scientist idea required only one coutrit instead of two full-fledged ones, which qubits is a more economical solution from the point of view sight of the resources of a quantum processor. Secondly, the presented algorithm was successfully performed on two different quantum platforms at once: in FIAN on ions in a trap, and in NUST MISIS on a superconducting 8-qubit processor.

For me, this result seems important primarily because at the same time, in fact in parallel mode, quantum algorithms were launched on two completely different physical platforms - superconducting and ion - in two leading Russian research centers. The identity of the results indicates the reliability and reproducibility of calculations on different hardware and, of course, the fairness of quantum postulates. reported by Nikolay Kolachevsky, Director of the Lebedev Physical Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences

For us, this research is crucial to demonstrate the potential of quantum computing in the study of fundamental physical phenomena such as phase transitions. The implementation of this experiment required the development of experimental control methods by multi-level quantum systems, which was demonstrated for two different physical platforms. noted Alexey Fedorov, Director of the Institute of Physics and Quantum Engineering, MISIS University

The study of an additional level on superconducting qubits is of greater interest to us. The work done is an important step towards implementing secure logical qubits using quantum error correction codes, since it is the leakage of quantum information to this level that is considered the most difficult error to correct. In addition, an additional layer provides opportunities in terms of the execution of quantum algorithms here and now. For example, it can be used to efficiently decompose complex quantum operations such as the Toffoli gate. Finally, in principle, research related to quantum ternary logic deserves special attention, since it allows, under practical the same physical resources, to operate with a logical space of large dimension. reported by Alyona Kazmina, first author of the work, an employee of the RCC and the Laboratory of Superconducting Quantum Technologies at MISIS University

The results of the study are published in the journal Physical Review A. (Q1). The work was supported by the state corporation Rosatom"" within the framework of the Roadmap for Quantum Computing. The study was carried out by the Quantum consortium, Internet created as part of the strategic project NUST MISIS under the Ministry of Education and Science Russia Priority-2030 program.

As of April 2024, MISIS University presents all directions in the field of quantum technologies - the development of quantum processors, quantum computing algorithms, as well as quantum communications and sensors. Our university is an active participant in the implementation of the road maps "Quantum Technologies" and "Quantum Communications." Leading world-class researchers are working on projects, among them - Doctor of Physical Sciences Alexey Ustinov, Doctor of Physical Sciences Grigory Goltsman, Doctor of Physical Sciences Valery Ryazanov, PhD in Theoretical Physics Alexei Fedorov. Within the framework of the Priority 2030 program, we have formed and are implementing the Quantum Internet strategic project, the logical continuation of which was the creation in the fall of 2023 of the Institute of Physics and Quantum Engineering in the structure of the university. commented Alevtina Chernikova, rector of NUST MISIS

In the future, scientists plan to continue the development of quantum algorithms on cutrites and, in particular, to study methods for correcting quantum errors affecting additional levels.

See also

• Qubit