Muranovo

Main article: Moscow region

2024: Making 3D copies of pieces of furniture

In 2024, IPQuorum, together with the S.G. Stroganova RGHPU, with the support of the Presidential Fund for Cultural Initiatives, is implementing a project to create 3D copies of furniture from the Museum-Reserve "Manor'Muranovo' named after F.I. Tyutchev." As part of the project, the Digital Museum Exposition website was launched, whose visitors had the opportunity to plunge into the atmosphere of manor life of the 18th-19th centuries.

In addition to scientific goals, the creation of digital doubles of furniture items from the museum collection also solves educational tasks. Ancient furniture requires careful treatment. Guests of the museum do not have the opportunity to touch the upholstery of the sofa, open the closet doors or extend the drawers of the desk. But the desire to find out what is inside, how everything works, does not disappear anywhere.

Dynamic 3D models created by Stroganovka restoration students under the guidance of their mentors help inquisitive visitors penetrate the secrets of Murano furniture. The writing tables of Tyutchev and Boratynsky, the sofa crapo and the scrap table from the large living room, the centipede table from the dining room, the bookcase and the bureau from the library and many other items will reveal their secrets to the guests of Muranovo. Without multimedia technologies, a modern museum cannot be imagined. However, when it comes to memorial museums, especially manor museums, it becomes a difficult task to enter them into the exposition space. In the museum-estate "Muranovo" they approached its decision creatively: touch panels will be disguised as offices of the 19th century, so as not to disrupt the fragile atmosphere of the old Russian estate.

1949: The museum is headed by Tyutchev's great-grandson - Kirill Pigarev

In Soviet times, Muranovo remained mainly a literary museum. From 1949 to 1980, it was headed by the nephew of Nikolai Ivanovich, the great-grandson of Tyutchev - the famous literary critic Kirill Vasilyevich Pigarev.

1919: Turning the homestead into a museum

The events of October 1917 threatened the very existence of the estate, which for the surrounding peasants was just another "noble nest." Nikolai Ivanovich managed to negotiate peace with the peasants - they never saw evil from the Tyutchevs. But there was a worse danger - the nationalized estate could be taken away for the needs of the new government. And he and his mother decide to transfer Muranovo to the state so that it becomes a museum of an outstanding poet. The idea was supported by Lenin. Tyutchev's works were in his personal library, Nikolai Ivanovich transmitted some books to the leader through the People's Commissar of Education Anatoly Vasilyevich Lunacharsky and his friend Vladimir Dmitrievich Bonch-Bruevich. Lenin included the poet's name in the list of cultural figures whose heritage was taken under protection by a special decree. In 1919, the Council of People's Commissars decided to turn the estate into a museum, and on August 1, 1920, she met the first guests in a new status. The poet's grandson was appointed director. Nikolai Ivanovich left almost everything in his places: there were dishes in the slides, pens and inks on the written tables. He himself drove the guests around the house.

However, museum status in those days was not a panacea for all troubles. The homesteads remained too tidbit to remain in public domain. As a rule, after several years, the exhibits were taken out, not always in a certain direction, and government agencies and sanatoriums for the new elite were arranged in the houses. In the mid-1920s, a wave of persecution arose against the descendants of noble families. Labor for the good of the country did not always save from repression. Nikolai Tyutchev was "invited" to the Lubyanka, but was eventually released. Helped by a long-time friend of Nikolai Ivanovich, Maximilian Voloshin, who was not afraid to turn to the Council of People's Commissars with a letter in which he argued that the Murano Museum helps visitors - workers and peasants - to better understand the great Russian humanist writers who prepared the ground for revolutionary changes and anticipated a bright future for which the young country of the Soviets is moving. Muranovo was rescued. Nikolai Ivanovich made changes to the exposition, and the museum received a stricter literary orientation.

1909: After the death of Ivan Fedorovich Tyutchev, the estate passes to his son Nikolai

In 1909, after the death of Ivan Fedorovich Tyutchev, his youngest son Nikolai took over the baton of the keeper of family relics. The family continued to live in Muranov, but fans of the poet's work, literary critics, and historians began to visit here more and more often.

1849: Gogol's Visit

Muranovo passed to the youngest daughter of Engelhardt - Sofia. Her husband, Nikolai Putyata, had a long-standing friendship with Boratynsky. Evgeny Abramovich introduced his friend to Pushkin and introduced him to the Moscow literary circle. A writer, memoirist and amateur historian, Putyata turned Muranovo into little Parnas. Evdokia Rostopchina, Sergey Aksakov, Sergey Sobolevsky visited here. The most famous guest of the estate was Nikolai Vasilyevich Gogol, who visited these regions in August 1849. The room on the second floor where he stayed has since been called "Gogolevskaya." The Putates carefully kept everything that was associated with Boratynsky. Apparently, fate itself began to prepare a museum future for Muranovo in advance.

The next owner of the estate was their middle daughter Olga, who in 1869 connected her fate with the youngest son of Fyodor Ivanovich Tyutchev. Ivan Fedorovich, a lawyer by training, served as a magistrate in Muranov, dealing with civil and minor criminal cases, and therefore the Tyutchevs lived here constantly. Ivan Fedorovich more than once invited his father to stay in Muranovo, but state affairs chained him to St. Petersburg, without leaving him such an opportunity. True, once, in the summer of 1871, Fyodor Ivanovich briefly got out to Abramtsevo to his friend Ivan Aksakov. There are only eight versts between the estates, they are connected by the so-called "trail of poets," along which neighbors went to visit each other. Tyutchev's note to his son has been preserved, where he writes that he is going to Muranovo. No documentary evidence of that meeting was found. And exactly two years later, Fyodor Ivanovich was gone. From the consequences of the third stroke, he never recovered.

Ivan Fedorovich, as the only heir in the male line, decided to transport his father's personal belongings, his archive and library, the situation from the St. Petersburg apartment and official summer cottage in Tsarskoye Selo to Muranovo. Later, objects belonging to close relatives and friends of the poet began to flock to Muranovo. Here, in a specially built outbuilding for her, his widow Ernestina Fedorovna also settled. Fyodor Ivanovich's desk took its place next to Boratynsky's desk, and this room was called the office of two poets. Contemporaries, almost the same age, during their lifetime they never met or even knew each other. In our perception, they belong to different eras: one to Pushkin, the other to the times of Nekrasov and Turgenev. Meanwhile, they published in the same publications and communicated with the same people from the creative circle. Boratynsky broke into literature early. Pushkin put his elegies so high that he was going to abandon this genre. Tyutchev never wanted literary glory, considering the diplomatic field his lot. The first collection of poems came out when he crossed the threshold of the 50th anniversary.

1842: Poet Yevgeny Boratynsky builds a new home for his extended family

Anastasia, the eldest daughter of Engelhardt, who married the poet Yevgeny Boratynsky, received the estate as a dowry from her parents. Many of his friends did not approve of this marriage, believing that Anastasia Nikolaevna, a strong and active nature, would become an obstacle to creativity. As it turned out, they did not know well not only their narrowed friend, but also himself. In Evgenia Abramovich, poetic talent got along perfectly with practicality and business. He built a saw mill on the estate, replaced the cut trees with new plantings. The old house, which very soon ceased to accommodate its rapidly growing family (in total, the spouses had seven children), was dismantled. In 1842, a new one was erected, the project for which was drawn up by the head of the family himself. He zealously watched the progress of construction. The house has eighteen rooms, sixteen stoves and two fireplaces. In winter it is warm, and in summer it is cool thanks to the "thermos effect," which creates an air layer between the wall wood and the outer brick cladding.

Through the efforts of Boratynsky and his family, Muranovo gradually turned into a well-equipped estate. Evgeny Abramovich loved these places and in rhymed lines made a dream to live here to a deep old age. But it was destined for him differently. In 1844, he and his family went on a trip abroad for the first time in their lives, but they managed to get only to Naples, where the poet suddenly died of a heart break, not at all a little before his 45th birthday. His widow could not live in Muranov, where everything reminded her of the loss. Together with the children, she went to her parents in their estate near Kazan. Anastasia Nikolaevna took most of the situation with her. But the husband's desk, made from his drawing by local craftsmen, was left in the office he loved so much. In this room, where the sun never looked, nothing distracted him from his work.

1816: The estate was acquired by Ekaterina Petrovna Engelhardt

Until 1816, the life of the estate was not marked by bright events. Everything changed when the estate was acquired by Ekaterina Petrovna Engelhardt. Her husband, Major General Lev Nikolaevich Engelhardt, belonged to the Smolensk branch of an old German family. His ancestors accepted Russian citizenship back in the 17th century. A military officer, a participant in the Russo-Turkish war of 1768-1774, Engelhardt made a worthy military career, fought under the leadership of Suvorov and Rumyantsev, left his descendants the most valuable "Memoirs" about the events and people of three eras - Catherine the Great, Paul I and Alexander I. Having settled in Moscow, his family always spent the summer in Muranovo. Starting from Engelhardt, all subsequent owners - Boratynsky, Putyaty and Tyutchevy - were connected by blood ties.