How to create the digital enterprise of 6 stages on the way to the Industry 4.0

In the spring of 2017 the Industrie 4.0 Maturity Center which is a part of the German academy of Sciences and engineering of acatech provided results of the research "The Index of a Maturity for the Industry 4.0" (Industrie 4.0 Maturity Index). This research was executed together with experts of the companies orchestra seats: Institute of management in the industry (FIR e. V. at RWTH Aachen), PTC, Infosys and TÜV SÜD.

The index of a maturity characterizes readiness of the enterprises for transition to the level of industrial development meeting expectations of the Fourth industrial revolution, called "the Industry 4.0" (Industrie 4.0 in German, Industry 4.0 in English).

What is Industrie 4.0

The production basis, according to the German concept of Industrie 4.0, is formed by the cyberphysical systems (Cyber-Physical System, CPS) consisting of the different natural objects, artificial subsystems and managing controllers allowing to provide such education as a unit. In CPS close connection and coordination between computing and physical resources is provided.

In understanding of acatech, implementation of an initiative of Industrie 4.0 in its complete volume assumes creation of a global cyberphysical system within national economy. But it does not mean that it is impossible to implement separate components of Industrie 4.0 within one single enterprise.

The key moment in Industrie 4.0 is creation of the infrastructure having at the heart of three types of integration:

• Horizontal integration of structural model of business (value networks);
• Seamless digital integration of production processes (digital integration of engineering) on all structural model of business;
• Vertical integration to an internal production chain of the enterprise (networked manufacturing).

Horizontal integration can look so

Three-stage integration allows to turn all national economy into the single cyberphysical system integrated by public administration. The coordinating tasks connected with standardization and different inevitable social effects are assigned to the state here. It is noted that the movement towards Industrie 4.0 will have evolutionary character, and the existing technologies will gradually adapt to the innovative solutions and the markets.

From the technical point of view the national cyberphysical platform consists of three types of networks:

• Internet of people;
• Internet of Things;
• Internet of services.

In Recommendations of the German academy it is emphasized that the initiative of Industrie 4.0 infringes on the interests of society in general therefore should be considered not only in technical, but also in broader sociocultural aspect, taking into account the demographic and other caused by it changes.

6 stages of development of the enterprise on the way to Industrie 4.0

To requirements of Industrie 4.0 acatech together with the partner companies developed a technique and an indicator called by the index of a maturity (Maturity Index) for conformity assessment of the enterprises. That and another is in detail described in the document "by Industrie 4.0 Maturity Index. Managing the Digital Transformation of Companies".

The index allows to judge at what stage there is a company in promotion to the desirable status conforming to requirements of Industrie 4.0 at the moment. Namely - to a status of the company, high-growth, dynamic and capable to adaptation.

At each enterprise the way to Industrie 4.0 can be a miscellaneous, but in general they should pass on six stupnyam shown on the scheme below.

Six steps on the way to the Industry 4.0

If the first two stages which are eaten around in the Digitalization group, i.e. mastering of digital approaches are purely technology, then the remained four stages corresponding to Industrie 4.0 are not so much technology how many cybernetic as personify the system principles postulated by cybernetics.

1. Computerisation

Mean supply with means for digital control of all principal components of production by a computerization. The modern equipment is initially expected digital control, and the equipment, the operated progressive tense, should be appropriately upgraded.

2. Network interaction (Connectivity)

At this stage the isolated technologies integrate on the general Wednesday conforming to requirements of business of the company. Usually for this purpose use connection under the Internet Protocol (IP) protocol, forming at this Internet of Things. Network interaction allows to integrate procedures of automatic design and production CAD/CAM with management tools technology processes of Manufacturing Execution System (MES), to organize remote service and so on. If to improve not the new, but operable equipment, then it can be switched on in interaction too.

Digital transformation of a telecom in the Industry 4.0

3. Visibility

Understand creation of digital display or the virtual double of the enterprise as visibility. Falling of the prices of sensors and other digital equipment does it possible. Than more sensors, than more precisely display. Existence of the display connected with systems PLM ERP and MES, allows managing directors to see a picture of the enterprise in real time and to make necessary decisions. A problem of this stage not so much in the equipment how many in complexity of ensuring collecting reliable data, namely, in certain cases there is no only source of the truth or not an opportunity to provide data collection without participation of the person.

4. Transparency

The transparency in this context means communication of digital display with the analytical systems, is broader known as the systems of work with Big Data. Here it is necessary to solve a classical problem of extraction of knowledge from data.

5. Predictive capacity

For forecasting the technologies of predictive analytics adapted to production can be used.

6. Adaptability

Capability to forecasting opens a possibility of automation of the functions connected with adaptation of business to the changing external conditions.

The cultural and social environment to go to Industrie 4.0

At ascension on all six steps of evolutionary process not the smaller value, than technologies and production organization has behavior of employees. It is necessary to change mentality of the certain person, from the ordinary contractor to managers of S-level, and all company in general. Such cultural and social atmosphere which will allow to implement advantages of Industrie 4.0 should be created. It consists generally of two things – readiness to change and free social interaction at all levels.

Understand as readiness for changes: openness to innovations, the permanent professional growth, commitment to changes. Free social interaction is provided with a democratic leadership style, an opportunity to openly express the opinions, active participation in evolutionary process.

Outputs

For several years the term Industrie 4.0 offered at the Hanover fair of 2011 became international and is better known as Industry 4.0. It is understood as a package of measures, (smart factory) directed to creation of "smart production". Was around the world accepted the technique developed by acatech academy, at the heart of which:

• the cyberphysical systems for all production processes;
• the digital display of the enterprise serving for distributed control in real time;
• communications based on the Internet of people, Internet of Things, the Internet of services.

This technique conceived as the initiative addressed to the German government became universal. Specialists of any national identity can use it.

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