Main article: Countries of the world
Climate
Main article: Climate in Europe
Population
Main article: Population of Lithuania
Cities
- Vilnius is the capital
Citizenship and residence permit
2019: Number of residence permits per 1,000 Lithuanian residents
Passport strength
Parliament
2024: Social Democratic Party wins election for first time in 12 years
Lithuania's Social Democratic Party in October 2024 won parliamentary elections for the first time in 12 years as voters turned to the opposition to address growing inequality.
The Social Democrats received 19.4% in the 1st round of voting.
Worsening economic inequality over the conflict with Russia has hurt the ruling conservatives.
2022: Proportion of women in Parliament
Armed Forces
2024
Agreement with Germany to buy 44 tanks and plan to increase defense spending
In December 2024, Lithuania entered into an agreement with Germany to acquire 44 Leopard 2A8 main battle tanks, from which a tank battalion will be formed.
In addition, the Lithuanian government will increase defense spending by more than 800 million euros in 2025.
Raising taxes to pay for the German military and strengthening defense
In May 2024, it was announced that Lithuania would raise taxes to cover higher defense spending.
Finance Minister Gintare Skaiste told the media that the government was seeking an additional €400m to secure military spending of 3% of GDP in 2025. Additional funds will be used to finance the deployment of the German brigade, as well as to strengthen the defense capability of Lithuania.
Number of military personnel: 25 thousand people
Construction of the factory of the German Rheinmetall for the production of ammunition in Lithuania
On April 16, 2024 in Vilnius, Rheinmetall representative Maximilian Froch signed an agreement of intent with the Lithuanian government on the production of artillery shells in this country. In November of the same year, an agreement was signed on the construction of the plant. See Rheinmetall for details.
2023
Defense spending - 2.6% of GDP
Plan for the deployment of 4800 German military in the Baltic countries
In December 2023, Germany and Lithuania signed a plan to deploy a permanent brigade of German troops of about 4,800 in the Baltic states over the next four years to strengthen NATO defense on the eastern flank of the alliance.
Until 2027, approximately 4.8 thousand German troops and another 200 civilian employees are deployed to the areas of the Rudninkai and Rukle training ground (near the borders with the Russian Federation and Belarus). The formation of the brigade will begin in the second quarter of 2024.
It is assumed that it will be formed from three battalions: the 203rd tank in North Rhine-Westphalia, the 122nd armored infantry from Bavaria and from the battalion combat group of the NATO Advanced Presence Forces under the command of Germany. They have been deployed in Lithuania since 2017 with a number of 1.5 thousand soldiers.
The main units will be transferred in 2025-2026, and by 2027th the brigade "must reach full combat readiness."
Bundeswehr has never deployed so many military personnel in other countries on a permanent basis before, so this is also an important political step for the authorities. Berlin They look at these plans as an opportunity to show their significant military role on the eastern flank of NATO, despite the fact that for this the Germans will have to exert considerable strain on both the army and the budget.
Lithuania has already stated that they have no money to finance the German military, and in Berlin they agreed on budget plans for 2024. At the same time, the line of additional, emergency costs in the amount of 100 billion euros included the purchase of equipment for replenishing stocks after its transfer to the Armed Forces of Ukraine.
2015: Joining JEF
On November 30, 2015, in the UK, 7 countries - Britain, Denmark, Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania, the Netherlands and Norway - signed a treaty establishing JEF.
2004: Joining NATO and the European Union
Lithuania joined NATO and the European Union in 2004.
Economy
Main article: Economy of Lithuania
Information Technology
- Main article: Lithuanian IT market
- Main article: Information security in Lithuania
- Main article: Financial technologies (fintech) in Lithuania
Health care
Science and Research
2020: Fewer than 5,000 animals used for scientific purposes
Almost 8 million animals are used for scientific purposes in Europe and half of them are laboratory mice and rats.
Culture
Music
Religion
2022
52.6% of the population believes in life after death
27% of the population attends divine services at least once a month
2021:16% of the population say religion is important in their lives
2016: Proportion of believing population
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MEDIA
2022:77% of the population watch TV every day
Crime
2023: Lithuanian drug mafia caught in Russia with hashish for 2 billion rubles
In the Leningrad region, a consignment of hashish, which amounted to 812 kg of the drug, which was illegally transported to the territory of the Russian Federation, was seized from smugglers. The press service of the Federal Customs Service (FCS) of the Russian Federation announced this on August 24, 2023.
It is noted that during operational-search measures using technical means of customs control, a tractor with a semi-trailer that arrived from Estonia was stopped. 265 polymer bags with a narcotic drug were found in a vehicle equipped with caches.
Three members of the criminal group were detained, they are citizens of Lithuania. A criminal case was initiated under Art. 229.1 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation (smuggling of narcotic drugs). According to the FCS, the cost of the seized hashish on the black market is more than 2 billion rubles.
Hashish is the common name for a number of narcotic hemp products, which are cannabis resins made by pressing a powder obtained by drying and grinding or sieving dried leaves and sticky oily layers from the flowering tops of the plant. This substance is collected and pressed into briquettes, which can be plastic or solid, dry or powdered.[1]
2021: Average rate of intentional homicide
and
2017: Lithuanian steals more than $100m from Google and Facebook
In March 2017, the media reported that Google and Facebook were affected by a phishing attack organized by a fraudster from Lithuania. The names of the companies were not disclosed, but it was noted that the attacker managed to deceive more than $100 million. Read more here.
Prisons
2022: The minimum age for children to be jailed is 14
History
2003: EU accession referendum
Main article: European Union (EU, EU)
1996: Opening of McDonald's first restaurant
1991: USSR recognizes Lithuania's independence
On September 6, 1991 State , the USSR Council, chaired by Mikhail Gorbachev, recognized the independence of Lithuania.
1990: Decree of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR on the restoration of independence of Lithuania
On March 11, 1990, the Supreme Soviet of the USSR issued a law changing the name of the Republic of Lithuania and proclaimed a decree restoring its independence, lost in 1940.
1989: Movement of the Baltic republics to leave the USSR
1965
1940: Joining the USSR
Main article: World War II
On June 3, 1940, the USSR Charge d'Affaires in Lithuania V. Semenov wrote a review note on the situation in Lithuania, in which the Soviet embassy drew Moscow's attention to the Lithuanian government's desire to "fall into the hands of Germany," and to the intensification of "the activities of the German fifth column and arming members of the Union of Shooters," preparation for mobilization. It speaks of "the true intentions of the Lithuanian ruling circles," which, if the conflict is resolved, will only strengthen "their line against the treaty, moving to" business collusion with Germany, waiting only for a convenient moment for a direct strike on the Soviet garrisons. "
On June 4, under the guise of exercises, the troops of the Leningrad, Kalinin and Belorussian Special Military Districts were raised on alarm and began to advance to the borders of the Baltic states.
On June 14, the Soviet government presented an ultimatum to Lithuania, and on June 16 - Latvia and Estonia. In the main features, the meaning of ultimatums coincided - the governments of these states were accused of gross violation of the conditions of the Mutual Assistance Treaties previously concluded with the USSR, and a demand was made to form governments capable of ensuring the implementation of these treaties, as well as allowing additional contingents of troops to enter the territory of these countries. The conditions were accepted.
On June 15, additional contingents of Soviet troops were introduced to Lithuania, and on June 17 - to Estonia and Latvia.
Lithuanian President Antanas Smetona insisted on organizing resistance to Soviet troops, however, having been refused by most of the government, he fled to Germany, and his Latvian and Estonian colleagues - Karlis Ulmanis and Konstantin Päts - went to cooperate with the new government (both were soon repressed), as did Lithuanian Prime Minister Antanas Merkis. In all three countries, Soviet-friendly governments were formed, headed, respectively, by Eustace Paleckis (Lithuania), Johannes Vares (Estonia) and August Kirchenstein (Latvia).
The process of Sovietization of the Baltic countries was monitored by the authorized governments of the USSR - Andrei Zhdanov (in Estonia), Andrei Vyshinsky (in Latvia) and Vladimir Dekanozov (in Lithuania).
The new governments lifted bans on the activities of communist parties and demonstrations, issued pro-Soviet political prisoners and called snap parliamentary elections. At the July 14 votes in all three states, the pro-communist Blocs (Unions) of the working people formally won were the only electoral lists admitted to the elections. According to official data, in Estonia the turnout was 84.1%, while 92.8% of the votes were cast for the Union of the Working People, in Lithuania the turnout was 95.51%, of which 99.19% voted for the Union of the Working People, in Latvia the turnout was 94.8%, 97.8% of the votes were cast for the Block of the Working People.
The newly elected parliaments on July 21-22 proclaimed the creation of the Estonian SSR, the Latvian SSR and the Lithuanian SSR and adopted the Declarations on entry into the USSR. On August 3-6, 1940, in accordance with the decisions of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR, these republics were adopted into the Soviet Union.
From the Lithuanian, Latvian and Estonian armies, Lithuanian (29th rifle), Latvian (24th rifle) and Estonian (22nd rifle) territorial corps were formed, which became part of PribOVO.
1939
1795: Entry into the Russian Empire after the third partition of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth
The division of the territory of the Polish-Lithuanian state (Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth) between the Kingdom of Prussia, the Russian Empire and the Habsburg monarchy occurred in 1772, 1793 and 1795.
1764
1658: Courland
1618
1260
1237: Principality of Lithuania
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Sport
2022: The most popular sport is basketball
Calendar
Notes
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