Eagle Federation Russian spacecraft

Rocket and Space Corporation Energia began in 2017 to manufacture the Russian spacecraft Federation.

This was announced in the spring of 2017 by the general director of the corporation Vladimir Solntsev. "It is in the active stage of work, almost all design documentation has been issued, we are now producing separate units," TASS quoted him as saying.

Solntsev specified that the first ship will be oriented to a low orbit and will be 80% made of composite materials, and the descent vehicle will be made of aluminum.

"If we take in total all the materials from which it is made, then 80% will be a composite. The question is what should be made of the returning device, that is, the capsule in which the astronauts return to Earth. Today we are working with aluminum, and this is a new 1570C alloy, which is absolutely new, it with increased characteristics, which will reduce the weight of the ship and ensure the parading of dynamic loads, "said Solntsev

At the same time, he noted that RSC Energia is faced with the task of not only manufacturing the ship, but also making it competitive.

The Federation ship is designed to deliver people and cargo to Earth orbit, as well as to the Moon. It should replace the manned ships of the Soyuz series. The maximum number of Federation crew will be up to six people (when flying to the moon - up to four people). In autonomous flight mode, the ship will be able to stay up to 30 days, and in the orbital station - up to a year.

For the Federation, a modular construction of the base ship in the form of functionally completed elements - the returned vehicle and the engine compartment is adopted. The ship will be wingless, with a reusable returnable part of a truncated-conical shape and a disposable cylindrical engine compartment, and will widely use the systems designed at RSC Energia for the Clipper (a multi-purpose manned spacecraft).

General description and specifications:

• mass of cargo delivered into orbit - 500 kg,
• weight of the cargo returned to Earth - 500 kg or more, with a smaller crew,
• ship length - 6.1 m,
• maximum diameter of the housing - 4.4 m,
• mass during near-Earth orbital flights - 12 tons (during flights to near-moon orbit - 16.5 tons),
• mass of the returned part - 4.23 tons (including soft landing systems - 7.77 tons),
• volume of sealed compartment - 18 m3,
• the duration of the autonomous flight of the ship - up to 30 days.

The Federation ship should also be reusable (up to 10 flights into space) and have a reliability of at least 0.995. On a new ship, docking with the ISS can be carried out on the day of its launch, as on Soyuz TMA-M, which could dock six hours after launch.

The ship will be equipped with 22.5 tf solid fuel engines and 75 kgf single-component hydrogen peroxide engines. The Federation will receive a docking system from the Unions. Given the requirements for the ship, as well as the experience of developing all existing docking systems, a modified pin-cone docking system was chosen for the new ship. This system is used only on Soyuz, Progressives and Russian ISS modules, as well as on the European cargo ship ATV.

The manned ship will be controlled using modern control panels based on liquid crystal displays with "flexible" menus and data display formats. The provision of communication, direction finding and navigation will be carried out in real time through the satellite loop. The Federation communication equipment will work through the Luch multifunctional space relay system, which uses repeater satellites.

2019: Unmanned flight to the moon is scheduled for 2026-2028 years

On May 23, 2019, it became known about the statement of Roscosmos CEO Dmitry Rogozin that the strategic mission of the state corporation is expansion - not only expanding the influence of Russia, but also of all human civilization.

So, he proposed creating the Noah's Ark, placing plants from the collection of Moscow State University in the apparatus and sending them to distant space to find out what was happening to them.

Rogozin also said that a manned flight to the moon with the landing of the Russian crew is scheduled for 2030. He added that in 2029 the Earth's satellite will fly around, and after 2030 - to deploy modules for the life and work of astronauts on the moon.

According to him, the unmanned flight of the Russian spacecraft Federation to the moon is scheduled for 2026-2028 years. Earlier it was reported that the test flight of the Federation is scheduled for 2022. In 2023, the ship was supposed to go to the ISS in unmanned mode, and in 2024 - with the crew on board.

As Rogozin noted, the creation of the entire system of the Federation ship will cost 700-750 billion rubles. He also emphasized that the Federal Space Program will no longer be reduced. As of May 2019, it amounts to one trillion 407 billion rubles - ten times less than the NASA program ^[1].

2017

Three women and three men will test the Federation ship in Moscow

During the tests, the ship control system will be checked: handles, touch screens and software. The head of the flight test department of RSC Energia, Mark Serov, is responsible for its testing, the publication writes in November iz.ru.

Five more crew members - four employees of the Institute of Biomedical Problems Anna Kikina, Elena Luchitskaya, Natalya Lysova and Ilya Rukavishnikov, as well as a representative of the Airbus Defense and Space group of companies Viktor Fetter from Germany. They will test the suits designed for the flight and check a number of medical and psychological issues.

The team of researchers will work out the stages of the flight to the natural satellite of the Earth and collect material on the operation of elements of the control system in various conditions. Based on experience, recommendations will be made for further development.

The experiment will be the first in a series of such tests. In 2018, an isolated team of scientists will work for four months. A year later, the term will double, and in 2020-2021 - will reach 12 months.

On-board radiotelemetry system (BRTS)

Specialists of the Russian Space Systems Holding (RKS, part of the ROSCOSMOS State Corporation) announced in September 2017 the development of an on-board radio telemetry system for the Federation reusable manned spacecraft. It will become half as small, lighter and more functional compared to the samples of the previous generation.

The on-board radio telemetry system (BRTS) is the main receiving and transmitting system of the spacecraft, which receives commands from the ground control system on board the spacecraft and transmits information from side to Earth.

The system will fully ensure the communication of the Federation ship with the Earth, collecting information from all its service systems: control, telemetry, television system and the Fedor robot (humanoid robot Final Experimental Demonstration Object Research - FEDOR), which is planned to become the first and only crew member of the new ship during test flights.

Conversations with the robot Fedey, and in the future with the astronauts, will also be carried out through BRTS, which includes wireless headsets. Specialists of JSC "Scientific and Production Association of Measuring Equipment" (NPO IT, part of the RKS) will develop headsets on a domestic element base.

The first pilot of the Federation spacecraft will be a robot

The Russian robot Fedor will be the first to launch the Federation spacecraft into space, Eugene Mikrin, general designer of Roscosmos for manned systems, told RIA Novosti in March 2017. The unmanned launch and autonomous flight of our new ship will take place in 2021. But I would like to make a reservation - it will be unmanned conditionally, since the first pilot of the Federation will be the Fedor robot. Relevant decisions have already been made, "said Mikrin.

Шаблон:Topic Space

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