Glonass-K (navigation satellites)

Main article: Space satellites of countries of the world

Glonass-K is a series of spacecraft of the Russian global navigation system GLONASS, developed by the Information Satellite Systems company named after Academician M.F. Reshetnev. It is the 3rd generation of satellites of this series (1st generation - Glonass, 2nd generation - Glonass-M). They differ from the satellites of the previous series in the warranty period of active existence of 10 years, reduced mass, leaky execution and other improvements.

2023: A new generation GLONASS satellite has been created. It is even more accurate and works longer

At the end of June 2023, the head of Roscosmos, Iouri Borisov, at a meeting with President RFVladimir Putin, spoke about the upcoming launch of a new generation GLONASS satellite. We are talking about GLONASS-K2 spacecraft.

In August [2023], our plans to launch a new generation GLONASS-K2 device, which will have longer active life and better technical, accurate characteristics, Borisov said.

GLONASS-K model

Satellites "GLONASS-K2" - a modified version of the third generation devices of the series - "GLONASS-K" (the first generation - "Glonass," the second generation - "Glonass-M"). The deployment of the GLONASS system is underway simultaneously with the development of the European global navigation system Galileo, the American GPS and the Chinese Beidou.

New devices emit more navigation signals. If "Issov-M," of which by the end of June 2023 the orbital group mainly consists of five signals, then "GLONASS-K" has seven, and "GLONASS-K2" has nine. In addition, the share of electronic component is gradually growing on new satellites. It is expected to reach 100% by 2026.

"GLONASS-K2" is distinguished by a large number of components of domestic production. The general director of Roskartography and the general designer of the GLONASS navigation system, Sergei Karutin, previously reported that the Glonass-K2 devices will provide navigation accuracy of less than 30 cm.

Iouri Borisov noted that by the end of June 2023, the launch program is being carried out without disruptions and postponements. This, he said, made it possible to increase the Russian space constellation to 225 vehicles, while in April 2023 there were 185 domestic satellites in Earth orbit.^[1]

2022

The Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation launched a satellite into orbit

On October 10, 2022, the Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation announced the successful launch of the Glonass-K satellite into orbit. The spacecraft was launched by the Soyuz-2.1b launch vehicle.

{{quote 'The launch of the launch vehicle and the launch of the spacecraft into the calculated orbit took place normally. At the estimated time, the spacecraft was launched into the target orbit and taken over by the ground means of the Space Forces of the Aerospace Forces, the defense department noted. }}

Glonass-K

Ministry of Defence A steady telemetry link has been established with the spacecraft, according to the statement. The ground facilities of the Aerospace Forces Russia took control of the Russian Glonass-K navigation spacecraft.

As for the Glonass-K satellite, it is the third generation apparatus of the Russian global navigation satellite system (GLONASS). The development and manufacture of the device was carried out by specialists of Information Satellite Systems JSC named after Academician M.F. Reshetnev (part of the state corporation Roscosmos). The basis of the GLONASS system is 24 satellites moving above the Earth's surface. The main difference from GPS is that satellites in orbital motion do not have synchronicity with the rotation of the Earth, which provides them with greater stability.

In April 2022, the then head of the state corporation Roscosmos, Dmitry Rogozin, proposed abandoning the American GPS navigation system in aircraft in Russia in favor of domestic GLONASS. In January, it was clarified that there are more than ten GLONASS satellites in production, including four of the latest generation of Glonass-K2. GLONASS General Designer Sergei Karutin noted that the new Glonass-K2 spacecraft will ensure navigation accuracy of less than 30 cm^[2]

Launch of the next generation GLONASS orbital constellation deployment

At the end of April 2022, Roscosmos began deploying a new generation GLONASS orbital grouping. This was stated by the general director of the state corporation Dmitry Rogozin in his Telegram channel.

According to Rogozin, the start of the deployment of the new GLONASS orbital grouping was due to the introduction of the Glonass-K satellite No. 705, which was launched in October 2020.

Roscosmos began deploying the GLONASS orbital group

According to the GLONASS system control center, the Glonass-K spacecraft No. 705 (11 working point), launched into orbit in 25.10.2020, was introduced into the orbital grouping at 14:30 (Moscow time) in 28.04.2022 and is used for its intended purpose, Rogozin wrote.

By the end of April 2022, the GLONASS constellation includes 25 satellites, of which 23 are used for their intended purpose, two are temporarily withdrawn for maintenance. 24 operating devices are required to cover the entire globe. Glonass satellites of various generations are produced at JSC "Information Satellite Systems" named after Academician M.F. Reshetnev. "

In April 2022, TASS, referring to the presentation of the general director of the Information Satellite Systems (ISS) company named after Academician Reshetnev Nikolai Testoedov, reported that by 2030 about 15 Glonass-K2 navigation spacecraft will be launched in Russia.

In mid-April 2022, Roscosmos announced plans to launch one of six vehicles of the additional high-orbit segment of the GLONASS system into orbit in 2028. This will increase the accuracy of GLONASS by 25%.

In April 2022, Dmitry Rogozin announced the upcoming negotiations between Roscosmos China and a partnership on communication and remote sensing satellite systems Lands like GLONASS and. Beidou The head of the space company says he does not Russia rule out cooperation with the countries of the group, BRICS which also includes, India China and Brazil. " REPUBLIC OF SOUTH AFRICA^[3]

2020

Creating a Data Protection Appliance

Concern "Automatics" State corporations Rostec created data protection device Glonass-K for the third navigation satellite latest generation. Rostec announced this on November 13, 2020. The hardware and software complex, integrated as part of the spacecraft equipment, is designed for coding and protection. information More. here

Launch of the third Glonass-K satellite

At the end of October 2020, the Fregat upper stage launched the third Russian Glonass-K navigation spacecraft into the calculated orbit. According to the Russian Ministry of Defense, the launch of the launch vehicle and the launch of the satellite into orbit took place normally. The department added that stable telemetry communication is established and maintained with the spacecraft. The spacecraft's onboard systems function normally.

Glonass-K satellite launched into orbit

According to GLONASS general designer Sergei Karutin, the new device will provide consumers with even more opportunities - a new signal in the third frequency range, which is even more accurate and informative.

By the end of October 2020, the GLONASS group has 28 spacecraft, of which 24 are used for their intended purpose. Two satellites are in orbital reserve, one new generation Glonass-K spacecraft is undergoing flight tests. Another satellite is temporarily put out for maintenance.

According to the Reshetnev Information Satellite Systems company (part of Roscosmos), the third Glonass-K is made taking into account the flight tests of the first two devices and in comparison with them "the share of domestic components has been increased." Its launch was originally planned in March 2020, but was repeatedly postponed.^[4]

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