| Developers: | G.K. Boreskov Institute of Catalysis |
| Branches: | Pharmaceuticals, Medicine, Healthcare |
Content |
2024
Creation of the first semiconductor detector in Russia
In September 2024, it became known that scientists from Tomsk State University (TSU) and the Institute of Nuclear Physics of the SB RAS (INF SB RAS) developed and tested the first semiconductor coordinate detector in Russia for the Siberian Ring Photon Source Collective Use Center (SKIF).
According to Interfax, this detector, which has the ability to withstand high energy flows, will be installed at the research station to study fast-flowing processes. According to the project manager and leading researcher of the laboratory of synchrotron radiation detectors of TSU Lev Shekhtman, the use of this detector will allow investigating the reaction of various materials to pulsed thermal and mechanical loads. The detector will also be able to capture the propagation of shock waves and other dynamic processes in the microsecond range.
As part of a project supported by a megagrant of the Russian government, TSU radiophysicists have developed sensors based on gallium arsenide compensated for by chromium, which allows the detector to shoot at speeds of up to 10 million frames per second. The electronics for the detector were created by specialists from the INF SB RAS. Scientists chose gallium arsenide because this material has increased radiation resistance and high sensitivity to X-rays. This makes it effective at working with high-energy radiation, on which conventional silicon detectors used on synchrotrons in other countries are less efficient.
As noted by Yan Zubavichus, deputy director of the Central Control Committee "SKIF" for scientific work, in the post-Soviet era, technologies for the manufacture of X-ray detectors in Russia were lost, and all such products were purchased abroad.
 | The X-ray detector is a key unit of all synchrotron radiation source experimental stations. Without them, not a single research study is possible, "he noted.[1] |  |
Budget increase by 1 billion rubles
In July 2024, the Russian government decided to increase the budget by ₽1,08 billion for the construction and equipment of the Siberian Ring Photon Source (SKIF) in the science city of Koltsovo, Novosibirsk Region. This decision was approved by a special order allowing the adjustment of the contract price within the adjusted budget limits.
The state contract for the implementation of the SKIF project was concluded in May 2021 between the Ministry of Education and Science of Russia and the Institute of Nuclear Physics named after I.G. Budker SB RAS, acting as the only supplier of equipment. The original amount of the contract was ₽8,9 billion, now it will increase to ₽10,1 billion.
The SKIF project is a complex of 34 buildings with a total area of 86.8 thousand square meters. m. It is planned that 30 experimental stations will allow annual research with intensive X-ray beams of 2 thousand scientists from Russia and other countries. The results of these studies will find application in various fields of science, including medicine.
The total investment in the creation of SKIF is estimated at ₽47 billion. The customer and developer is the Institute of Catalysis of the SB RAS, and the general contractor is Titan-2 Concern part of the structure of the state corporation Rosatom"." The construction contract was signed in April 2022 in the amount of ₽5,8 billion.
The facility is scheduled for technical readiness at the end of 2024, after which the period of trial operation of the complex should pass from the beginning to mid-2025. According to current information, to date, obligations in the amount of ₽377,8 million have been fulfilled.
The SKIF project is part of a broader government initiative to develop synchrotron and neutron research in Russia. In April 2024, the federal scientific and technical program in this area was expanded and extended until 2030. It is planned to allocate about ₽450 billion from the federal budget for its implementation.[2]
2023
The development of the SKIF synchrotron is estimated at 90 billion rubles
Construction in the science city of Koltsovo near the Novosibirsk Center for Collective Use "SKIF" with a synchrotron of generation "4 +" until 2035 will require 90 billion rubles of investments. This amount includes not only the construction of the installation itself, but also the creation of infrastructure, the cost of operating and erecting three dozen buildings. The director of the center, Yevgeny Levichev, spoke about this at the end of December 2023.
The deputy director of the center for scientific work, Jan Zubavichus , confirmed the investment assessment and specified the following:
| | Our plans are preliminary, until we received confirmation of the allocation of funding from the Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Russian Federation. The infrastructure development program, in general, all the expenses of SKIF until 2035 by 90 billion rubles almost come out. | |
According to Zubavichus, the announced investments do not include the already approved costs of creating the facility. He noted that from 2026 it is planned to launch two experimental stations each, the creation of a specialized virological experimental station and the so-called simplified design stations is not removed from the agenda.
Subsequently, the maintenance of the station and the maintenance of the staff, according to the management of the SKIF Collective Use Center, will cost about 1 billion rubles a year. The station will be able to conduct research in the field of exact and natural sciences, at the same time up to two thousand specialists will be able to use the station's infrastructure.
The Siberian ring source of photons is created by decree of the President of Russia within the framework of the national project "Science and Universities." Its creation is aimed at implementing the federal project "Development of advanced infrastructure for research and development in the Russian Federation" and the state program "Scientific and Technological Development of the Russian Federation."[3]
Digital "SKIF." Why does a scientific megaproject worth 47 billion rubles create a virtual double
At the end of August, 2023 it became known of creation of the digital double of experimental stations of the Siberian Ring Source of Photons (SRSP). Mikhail Marchenko, director of the Institute of Computational Mathematics and Mathematical Geophysics of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences (IVMiMG SB RAS), spoke about the benefits of such an IT project.
According to him, a digital twin (CD) is not just a three-dimensional model, but a complex computer model that describes the full structure, functionality and behavior of an object. With the help of the data center, specialists will be able to continuously collect telemetry data, and then control the object based on the information received.
| | The digital twin is the basis for the management decision-making system, "Marchenko emphasized. | |
According to him, the tasks of the digital twin are planning the modernization of equipment and repair of the complex; prognozirovaniye emergency situatsy; upravleniye experimental data and ensuring information security.
The digital twin sozdayut specialists of the consortium "Complex Digital CCP SKIF," which includes the IVMiMg SB RAS as the parent organization, CCP "SKIF," the Institute of Catalysis named after G.K. Boreskov SB RAS and the Design and Technological Institute of Scientific Instrument Engineering SB RAS.
The Center for the Collective Complex "Siberian Ring Photon Source" (TsKP "SKIF") is a scientific installation of the "megasayence" class of 34 buildings and structures, as well as engineering and technological equipment for scientific research on synchrotron radiation beams. According to the government, the total amount of budgetary allocations for the construction of SKIF exceeds 47 billion rubles, by the end of August 2023 the project is under construction.[4]
Manufacture of the first X-ray lenses for synchrotron SCIF
Employees of the International Research Center "Coherent X-ray Optics for Megasayens Installations (MNITS RO) BFU named after I. Kant in Kaliningrad manufactured new types of focusing devices for the 1-1 Microfocus station of the Center for Collective Use" Siberian Ring Photon Source "(TsKP SKIF). This was reported in the press service of the social center of the Ministry of Education and Science of the Russian Federation in mid-June 2023.
The development is a set of X-ray refractive metal lenses. They will be installed on a high-precision X-ray transfocator to provide control of the synchrotron radiation (SI) beam. The lenses are capable of passing and focusing the SI beam in a deep vacuum and under extreme thermal loads.
According to Anatoly Snigirev, director of the MNS RO BFU, only the first steps have been taken to equip the SKIF with optimal functional optics. Ahead is a long distance for the development of X-ray optics to use all the capabilities of the fourth generation source. Snigirev added that refractive X-ray optics were first developed by Russian scientists in 1998 and introduced into new generation synchrotrons abroad, and Russia took a full part in these projects. As of June 2023, an independent program is being implemented in the Russian Federation to create modern sources of synchrotron radiation, and the work of INIT RO BFU is in special demand.
SynchrotronLike, a multifunctional synchrotron testing facility, was used to test the quality of the lenses. The complex developed by MNIT RO provided testing of optical systems and preparation for experiments with synchrotron radiation.
According to TASS, X-ray optics for the 1-1 Microfocus station of the TsKP SKIF were made within the framework of the program of the Ministry of Education and Science of Russia "Priority 2030" of the national project "Science and Universities."[5]
Creating Key Elements
At the end of May 2023, it became known that scientists from the Institute of Nuclear Physics (NPI) named after G.I. Budker of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences (SB RAS) for the first time in Russia created one of the key elements of a linear accelerator for the mega-science SKIF plant, under construction near Novosibirsk.
| | This is one of the main nodes of the linear accelerator - a powerful high-frequency field generator called a klystron. We planned to purchase these powerful klystrons in one of the countries where they were already produced, managed to purchase one klystron, after which the Japanese refused us due to sanctions. We decided to make these klystrons ourselves, "said Evgeny Levichev, director of the Center for Collective Use (CKP) of SKIF. | |
According to him, the technology created at the INF SB RAS can also be in demand when creating the projected sources of synchrotron radiation "KISI-Kurchatov" at the Kurchatov Institute, the Russian Source of Photons (RIF), which is planned to be located at Cape Akhlestyshev, "SILA" in the science city in Protvino, as well as for the electron-positron collider "Super S-tau factory," a source of Compnovsky radiation in Sarn and Dubn.
As the head of the department of electrophysical installations of the National Research Nuclear University (NRNU) MEPhI Sergey Polozov told Izvestia on May 31, 2023, klystrons for electron accelerators, including super-powerful ones, are already being produced in Russia. However, Klistron, developed by scientists of the Institute of Nuclear Physics (NPI) named after G. I. Budker of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences (SB RAS), is distinguished by higher power. He drew attention to the fact that scientists of the INF SB RAS had to solve many non-trivial engineering problems on the way to create their own sample of a super-powerful klystron.
SKIF, a source of X-rays that has no analogues in the world, promises to become the basis for numerous discoveries in physics, chemistry, biology and materials science.[6]
2022: Creation of synchrotron "SKIF"
In June 2022, Prime Minister Mikhail Mishustin signed a decree increasing funding for the Siberian Ring Photon Source (SKIF). Taking into account new investments, the amount of budgetary allocations for the implementation of the project will exceed 47 billion rubles.
SKIF - a source of X-rays that has no analogues in the world - promises to become the basis for numerous discoveries in physics, chemistry, biology and materials science. The launch of the SKIF synchrotron will give scientists the opportunity to gain new knowledge about the structure and properties of matter at the micro- and nano-level. This will help solve a number of urgent problems in biology, medicine, chemistry and power, specified in the Telegram channel of the Government of the Russian Federation.
SKIF will include 30 experimental stations, 14 of which will use radiation from insertion devices (located in rectilinear sections of the main ring 4-6 meters long), and 16 will be located on beams of rotary magnets. It is assumed that the synchrotron and one station will be launched until December 30, 2023, in another year six stations of the first stage in the basic functionality should be launched.
The construction of the plant is carried out in the science city of Koltsovo in the Novosibirsk region. A complex of buildings is being built for it, the total area of which will be 86.8 thousand square meters. m, where it is planned to place, among other things, six laboratory stations.
The Siberian ring source of photons is created by presidential decree within the Russia Vladimir Putin framework of the national project "Science and universities." Its creation is aimed at implementing the federal project "Development of advanced infrastructure for research and development in" and of the Russian Federation state the program "Scientific and technological development of the Russian Federation."[7] for[8]
Notes
- ↑ Scientists have assembled the first semiconductor detector for the SKIF synchrotron
- ↑ Order of the Government of the Russian Federation of 26.07.2024 No. 1982-r
- ↑ The development of the synchrotron SKIF in 2025-2034. estimated at 90 billion rubles
- ↑ Digital twin will appear at SKIF
- ↑ The first X-ray lenses for the SKIF synchrotron were made in Kaliningrad
- ↑ In Russia, created a high-frequency amplifier for the synchrotron accelerator "SKIF"
- ↑ [https://www.kommersant.ru/doc/5422674 An additional 5 billion rubles were allocated
- ↑ the creation of the SKIF synchrotron]
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