In Russia the state platform for remote control of the objects protected by the law is started

"Single state platform of data collection of industrial Internet of Things" - a system which is created within the federal project "Digital Public Administration". The platform will be used as a cloud solution by control supervisory authorities for remote control (supervision), the analysis of stream and structured data, forecasting of risks.

It is expected that it will allow control and supervising to bodies to refuse checks, mass and expensive to the budget, and to reduce the number of staff of inspection structure, to reduce corruption risks, to reduce damage to the values protected by the law due to use of automatic systems of response to emergence of danger and also to reduce administrative loading by checked persons.

2020

Start of the state platform for remote control of the objects protected by the law

On November 20, 2020 the Ministry of digital development, communication and mass communications of the Russian Federation announced start of the State Platform of Data Collection (SPDC) within the federal draft "Digital Public Administration" of the Digital Economy national program. This system is intended to provide remote control of the objects of cultural heritage protected by the law and also monitoring of the ecological sphere in Russian regions.

The state platform in real time processes state-of-health data of cultural objects and concentration of harmful substances in the atmosphere and transfers information to the state information system "Standard Cloud Solution on Automation of Control and Supervising Activity". As a result of department receive the broad picture of a status of objects without need to hold control events, noted in Mintsifry.

In Russia start of the state platform for remote control of the objects protected by the law took place

The basis of the platform was formed by technology of Internet of Things Mail.ru IoT Platform which provides collecting, processing and data storage. Today the platform undergoes approbation in several regions of Russia. In Chelyabinsk region it performs condition monitoring of an atmospheric air. Sensors fix the level of concentration of harmful substances at the enterprises and in residential zones. In the Vologda region the platform was used for control of a status of objects of cultural heritage. A system traces temperature, air humidity, level of smoke, leakage and emergence of cracks on facades of buildings. In the Kaluga region the platform helps to reveal illegal deforestation.

On the basis of the existing projects the digital format which will allow to scale these technologies on other regions will be developed.

Also it is going to create the system of ecological supervision in the field of protection of water resources and also the solution for detection of the facts of illegal construction and violation of parameters of construction.^[1]

New solutions

By 2022 within creation of "A single state platform of data collection of industrial Internet of Things" not less than 15 solutions of remote control (supervision) will be implemented. Reported about it Mintsifra in October on the portal of vacancies of department.

What it will be services in addition to already developed, in Mintsifry did not specify TAdviser. As of October department is in search of the head for the project on creation of the platform. It should define the strategy of long-term development of a system, the plan of its development for the medium term and to provide its implementation, follows from the description of a vacancy.

In August TAdviser reported that the platform already has four functioning services. Among them system of remote supervision of a status of objects of cultural heritage, condition monitoring of an atmospheric air, remote control of illegal deforestation and overgrowing of the agricultural land. The first services are already used in a number of regions (see examples in blocks below). Thus, by 2022 Mintsifra it is necessary to develop for the platform of 11 more solutions of remote control.

According to the federal project "Digital Public Administration", 588 million rubles from the federal budget will be selected for creation of the platform.

Architecture and the first services of the platform, slide from the presentation of the Head of Department of information systems of control and supervising activity of Scientific Research Institute Voskhod Denis Pustovoy

Mintsifry reported to TAdviser that for new solutions of the platform still it is necessary to find functional customers. How their search and on what conditions services will be offered them will be organized, TAdviser in department cannot be explained yet.

At the same time, the director of the Association of Internet of Things (AIT) Andrey Kolesnikov does not doubt broad application by state agencies of solutions on remote control on the basis of Internet of Things already in the long term 4-6 years. As a rule, acts as the initiator of implementation of such solutions Mintsifra, the managing director of Mail.ru notes Digital technologies Pavel Gontarev.

Solutions on ecomonitoring are in demand, according to Andrey Kolesnikov.

We have companies which implement solutions of removal of data on composition of air and cloud platforms which both municipalities, and industrial enterprises use. The ecology is one of demanded projects, - Andrey Kolesnikov noted.

Valery Milykh designated TAdviser a bigger range of demanded solutions on an ekomonitring. According to him, serious interest from state agencies is observed including to the systems of remote control of target use of lands, deforestation, an ecological situation in water and air environments. The state shows also great interest to solutions on condition monitoring of objects of housing and public utilities.

Most often customers are the central executive authorities, bodies of subjects and local government. As an example it is possible to call Rosprirodnadzor, Rostekhnadzor, the Ministry of Natural Resources, the regional ministries, - Valery Milykh told TAdviser.

The sales director in Russia and the CIS of Tibbo Systems Dmitry Moiseyev drew the attention of the edition that after the last technogenic environmental disasters in the present system of forecasting and prevention of similar accidents shortcomings were exposed.

First of all, it belongs to lack of monitoring systems of dangerous objects and engineering constructions. At present tasks of prevention are assigned to Rostekhnadzor. They carry out pilot projects with the largest industrial enterprises of Russia, - Dmitry Moiseyev informed TAdviser.

According to Andrey Shuravin, the most relevant is the problem of health care.

An opportunity to provide monitoring of human health, in particular in a situation with COVID, in real time will allow to provide forecasting of outbreaks of diseases. The Ministry of Health and Roskomnadzor can act as the customer of such solutions. In connection with a situation on Kamchatka the problem of monitoring of the water area of territorial waters would be also relevant. I consider an important task also monitoring of fresh water resources, in particular Lake Baikal, regarding their rational expenditure, use and protection from plunder, - Andrey Shuravin told TAdviser.

Difficulties

Mintsifry notes a number of the difficulties getting in the way of creation, implementation and use of solutions of the platform.

Difficulties are and, first of all, it is the difficulties connected with change of the organization of control (supervising) activity. It is necessary to carry out digital transformation in socially important sectors and to show efficiency of new remote control methods. Also there are difficulties of normative character. Mintsifra, being body for development of state policy, will help a team as in terms of promotion of projects, and if necessary to submit the corresponding regulatory legal acts for consideration of the government, - told TAdviser in the ministry.

The head of the IoT group of Softline company Valery Milykh in a conversation with TAdviser noted that difficulties at state agencies can face as at a stage of the choice of ready-made solutions or platforms for implementation of the systems of remote control, and at maintenance of the similar systems on the party of government institutions.

There is a set of offers which declare the solution of similar problems, but as far as they are applicable in each specific situation - a big question which answer state customers happens not easy. Maintenance of complex information systems also raises questions, especially if there the solutions on the basis of artificial intelligence requiring training and the adequate analysis of the received result are used. It can generate hard errors and acceptance of unreasoned management decisions. The unified platform is designed to solve many of the designated problems, - Valery Milykh noticed.

At the same time, according to him, there is unresolved a question of scalability of the solution, final cost of ownership of such system, the size of operating costs of system maintenance and methods of provision of services within the platform - licenses, a subscription to services.

The director of the center of industry expertize of department of work with Technoserv industrial enterprises Andrey Shuravin as the biggest complexity during the work of state agencies with similar to the platform as projects considers duration of their implementation. According to him, features of the organization in the state departments influence decision making speed not always positively.

Secondly, notable staff shortage can affect the level of competences both initiators of similar projects, and potential contractors. And, at last, in the third, it would be correct to attract the relevant scientific research institutes to such projects, it will help to create necessary scientific base, - Andrey Shuravin noted.

According to the head of application solutions for the industry Croc Ivan Popkov in the projects similar to the platform, in particular, tekhnologicheky difficulties take place.

From the point of view of the developer of such platform and technology aspects, it will be required to develop and approve the industry standard suitable under requirements of most of customers, to develop API and protocols of data, - Ivan Popkov explained.

He also added that the project for development of an ecosystem and the platform can demand big investments as it is necessary to think over a set of aspects on design and its operation of the platform.

Pavel Gontarev in a conversation with TAdviser noted that the regulatory framework in the field of Internet of Things still is finally not created.

For this reason the gap between the legislation and a real situation in the industry should be overcome forcedly on the project course. This problem is solved by active interaction of the technology companies with the state, - Pavel Gontarev told TAdviser.

Base of the equipment and software which is applied in projects of monitoring, according to it, rather big.

At the same time at the federal level there are no uniform standards for infrastructure of collecting and data processing that causes certain difficulties at implementation of new technological solutions. In the presence of uniform standards, will become possible to increase efficiency and speed of project implementation and at the same time to reduce their cost. We conduct active work in this direction together with technical committee "Cyber-physical Systems", - Pavel Gontarev noted.

Positive effects

According to Valery Milykh, emergence of the platform will accelerate transition of state bodies to unitsirovanny processes of data collection.

Potential of this system is as high as the capacity of our country. The new platform will provide a common information space for interaction of all controlling and performing departments and will accelerate solving of tasks of ecology, operation and development of such objects. Such complex of technologies allows to obtain regularly up-to-date data about a status of remote or extended objects, for example, of reserves, the rivers, routes of federal and regional importance. Now monitoring of such objects is complicated, however, such technologies as Internet of Things can help with the solution of this task, - the area manager of Internet of Things Croc Irina Stepanova noted.

Slides from the presentation the Head of Department of information systems of control and supervising activity of Scientific Research Institute Voskhod of Denis Pustovoy.

Completion of development of the first services

On August 11, 2020 WaveAccess announced inclusion in number of contractors of the project on development of the Single platform of collecting and data analysis on control and supervising activity. The IT company was responsible for creation of four vertical solutions as a part of the platform: systems of remote supervision of a status of objects of cultural heritage, condition monitoring of an atmospheric air, remote control of illegal deforestation and overgrowing of the agricultural land. Systems are executed using technologies of Internet of Things and machine learning. Input in trial operation came to the end in July, 2020. The project is implemented by request of federal state budgetary Institution Scientific Research Institute Voskhod.

The single state platform of collecting and data analysis is developed within the national program 'Digital Economy of Russia' and included in structure of the platform of execution of the state functions. In its basis — technology of Internet of Things (IoT) which provide condition monitoring of the objects protected by the law and their constant objective remote control.

The platform collects and analyzes the data on subjects to control obtained from devices and sensors. In real time it reveals incidents and transfers them as suspicions to violations to the state information system TORUS KND — a standard cloud solution on automation of control and supervising activity. The revealed signs of violations form the basis for initiation of control and supervising actions, for example, of unscheduled inspections.

The platform opens a possibility of the analysis of a continuous flow of data of remote observation that was not enough when carrying out recurring inspections, and focuses efforts of inspectors on problem events. Giving decision support, the platform optimizes work of control supervisory authorities: need of building of staff is excluded, the efficiency of unscheduled inspections increases and costs on their organization are reduced.

A system consists of four industry integrated solutions which leading development team was a WaveAccess IT company. Integration into the GIS TORUS KND provides end-to-end business process. The cloud platform of industrial Internet of Things from Mail.ru Group is the basis for a core of a system — it provides high-performance stream processing and data storage from a large number of devices, horizontal scaling and separation of access.

The first vertical solution — remote supervision of a status of objects of cultural heritage — is implemented in the Vologda region. The wireless sensors of the LoRaWAN standard installed on objects fix parameters of their contents: temperature, air humidity, smoke, leakages and disclosure of cracks on a building facade. On the basis of data retrieveds recommendations for reduction of risk of loss of the protected values are developed.

The solution on condition monitoring of an atmospheric air works in Chelyabinsk region. The network of the sensors installed in a residential zone and on industrial enterprises allows to detect the increased concentration of harmful substances in air. Solution integration with difficult mathematical models of forecast calculations gives the chance to do the forecast in what direction the pollution cloud will extend, and to calculate probable location of sources of pollution.

Services of remote control of unauthorized deforestation and overgrowing of farmlands function in the Kaluga region. Unlike two other solutions where IoT technologies are involved, these services are constructed based on machine learning. The automatic analysis of satellite pictures using neuronets allows to record timely illegal cutting and to stop process or to detect overgrowing of agricultural section at an early stage. The efficiency of such analysis in comparison with regular exit inspections in extensive territories is obvious. When developing the Transfer Learning technology is applied — she assumes use of the model which is already trained at data with similar structure and its after-training under a relevant project task. The binary mask indicating areas with zarastaniye is result of work of model. As model the architecture of convolution neural networks DeepLabV3 is used.

Due to connection of additional regional data sources to the existing infrastructure it is easy to provide replication of application services. Key feature of all platform – an opportunity to flexibly configure functionality under industry tasks and it is easy to create vertical solutions. The used algorithms, including machine learning, prove the applicability for different tasks: for example, for detection of illegal constructions, seats of forest fire or unauthorized dumps.

All four solutions are constructed on the principles of scalability and fault tolerance. The maximum priority at maintenance is given to preserving of data and integrity of information contents. Also when developing we relied on risk-oriented approach — it consists in reaction to potentially dangerous situation, and not just to an incident with critical values of controlled parameters, and in forecasting of succession of events — Alexander Azarov, the senior vice president for software development in WaveAccess notes.

The best practices of horizontally scalable microservice architecture using advanced technologies are involved in project implementation. Cluster infrastructure is constructed using Kubernetes. For processing of the entering event stream the distributed Apache Kafka message broker is used. The stream analytics is implemented on scripts with processing in real time in a core of the Mail.ru Group IIoT-platform, and the distributed storage in RAM is implemented as a part of the platform on Tarantool DBMS (Mail.ru Group). The main services are implemented on Java a stack using modern libraries.

Slides from the presentation the Head of Department of information systems of control and supervising activity of Scientific Research Institute Voskhod of Denis Pustovoy.

2019: Carrying out tender

The Ministry of Telecom and Mass Communications held an open competition on creation of the Single state platform of data collection of industrial Internet of Things and tools of the analysis of objective data on observed objects (EGPSD) as a part of the platform of execution of the state functions. It became known on January 21, 2020. According to data of the Portal of state procurements, the state enterprise Scientific Research Institute Voskhod which will perform works on the starting price of 237.5 million rubles became the winner of competition.

EGPSD will work at a basis of the approved departmental data models used for implementation of dynamic risks assessment in types of the state and municipal control (supervision).

A system will be applied by the organizations to connection of devices of automatic measurement of indicators of objects and internal control systems of the enterprises, for the purpose of ensuring systematic control and monitoring, the analysis and forecasting of a status of execution of mandatory requirements, prevention of damage protected by the law to values and also control authorities to use of these data when monitoring and planning activity.

Creation of EGPSD is provided by the national program "Digital Economy of Russia", and two federal projects at once entering the program - Information Infrastructure and "Digital Public Administration". The Ministry of Economic Development, Minpromtorg, Ministry of Construction, the Federal Security Service (FSS) and the Presidential Property Management Department of the Russian Federation appear curators of a system the Ministry of Telecom and Mass Communications.

According to the federal project "Information Infrastructure", MegaFon and "Analytical center at the Government" will be engaged in creation of EGPSD. The project is estimated at 710 million rubles, at the same time its implementation will be financed by MegaFon - i.e. from non-budgetary sources. Earlier MegaFon developed the draft of the Concept of work of data collection of the platform of industrial Internet of Things for persons under surveillance of objects and tools of the analysis of objective data on persons under surveillance objects.

At the same time the federal project "Digital Public Administration" assumes that creation of EGPSD will be financed from the federal budget and will cost 588 million rubles. The contractor will be selected from the order set by the legislation.

The press services of MegaFon and the Ministry of Telecom and Mass Communications did not respond to the requests what of the mentioned approaches will be used for creation of EGPSD. According to documentation to the competition held the Ministry of Telecom and Mass Communications, the platform will be to be implemented within the relevant activity from the federal project "Digital Public Administration".

The press service of Scientific Research Institute Voskhod confirmed that the institute will perform works on creation of EGPSD within the contract signed with the Ministry of Telecom and Mass Communications. To actions it is relative EGPDS entered to the federal project "Information Infrastructure", the enterprise of the relation has no, specified in Scientific Research Institute Voskhod.

The source close to MegaFon explained what decided to give to the Ministry of Telecom and Mass Communications this project of Scientific Research Institute Voskhod. Respectively, its creation will be financed from the federal project. At the same time MegaFon will be able to become a subporyadchik on creation of EGPSD.

The set of plans for creation of EGPSD entered to both mentioned the fedproyekt of the Digital Economy national program, assumes that at the first stage the order of creation, development, maintaining and functioning of the platform of data collection of industrial Internet of Things, used for the purpose of risk-oriented approach should be normative defined. It is necessary to make changes for the purpose of implementation of risk-oriented approach in control and supervising activity to the current legislation.

Also requirements to determination of structure of the collected data, an order of their storage, processing and providing access, and control of their use should be normative settled. Besides, it is necessary to define a set of technology standards of interaction with the platform of data collection and the requirement to data sources of industrial Internet of Things.

Daley EGPSD it will be put into trial operation and the enterprises of three industries and five control authorities and supervision will be connected to the platform of data collection. Including the enterprises rendering most the adverse environmental impact, producers and the enterprises of the sphere of trade which are engaged in production and implementation of perishable products of a power supply and medicines the enterprises of the sphere of ESK and housing and communal services and also control authorities will have to participate in a pilot project and supervision (Rospotrebnadzor, Housing inspectorate, etc.)^[2].

Notes