Fertility and mortality in Moscow

Main article: Moscow

Fertility and mortality in Russia

• Main article: Fertility and mortality in Russia

Birth rate

2023: Birth rate declines only among Indigenous population

The birth rate in Moscow is declining only among the indigenous population. This was reported in early May 2023 at the Research Institute of Health and Medical Management (NIIOSMM). They stressed that "the decline in the birth rate of the indigenous population of megacities is a global trend."

According to the study, in Moscow, as in other megacities of the world, the birth rate consists of two components - the birth rate of the permanent population and migrants. The contribution of migrants in Moscow, as in any other large city, significantly increases the total birth rate in the region. Only economically prosperous entities are attractive for migration. Moscow is the leader in this indicator among other Russian regions.

The decline in the birth rate of the indigenous population of megacities is a global trend

According to NIIOSMM, by the beginning of 2023, the total birth rate among Muscovites is 1.34 (the average number of children born in real generations of women aged 45-49 according to the 2021 census), while on average in Russia this figure is 1.60, and among the urban population - 1.48. The most important factor in NIIOSMM was called the orientation of the residents of the capital "to individual values."

If in a study conducted in Moscow among respondents of reproductive age, 40.7% are focused on the family and 59.3% - on individual values, then, for example, according to Rosstat, in 2022 the share of family-oriented on average in the country was 87.7%, and on individual values - only 12.3%. In all age groups of the surveyed women, the average number of children born in a registered marriage is significantly more than those whose marriage is not registered: the difference reaches 0.89 points.^[1]

Mortality

2021:16% of dying men in Moscow are visitors

In mid-March 2023, the Research Institute for Health Organization and Medical Management of the Moscow Department of Health released the results of a study on assessing the contribution of nonresidents to Moscow mortality during the COVID-19 pandemic.

According to the journal "Health of the Metropolis," the published data cover the period from 2019 to 2021 inclusive. It is said that migrants make a significant contribution to the increase in mortality in the population of the Russian capital. The predominant causes of deaths among nonresidents before the spread of SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus infection were diseases of the circulatory system (BSC), external factors and neoplasms. But in 2021, COVID-19 took the first place in the structure of mortality of visitors with a share of 27.7%. On the second line with a result of 24.4% were BSK, on the third with 13.9% - external reasons. Next come malignant tumors with 10.7%.

The contribution of nonresidents to the total mortality rate in Moscow for the period under review averaged 10% among women and 16% among men. From the point of view of age, the contribution of dead nonresident children of the first year of life, as well as people of young working age, is especially high - from 20 to 30 years old in women (on average 50%) and up to 35 years old in men (on average 60%).

Labor migrants from Central Asia have made a serious contribution to the increase in the burden on the health care system and the deterioration of the epidemiological situation in Moscow. Among migrants, acute intestinal infections, viral hepatitis, HIV infections with a complex of opportunistic infections, tuberculosis, measles are often common, and in some cases they become the source of infections such as malaria and typhoid fever, according to the publication of the journal Megalopolis Health.

It is also noted that, despite the measures taken in the Russian capital to combat COVID-19 and the vaccination against this coronavirus infection, which began in December 2020, it was not possible to reduce mortality, and the total figure increased in 2021 to 13.7% against 9.5% in 2019.^[2]

2020

Mortality on the roads of Moscow has halved in 10 years, 2.5 thousand lives have been saved

According to the Department of Transport and Development of Road Transport Infrastructure of Moscow, in 2020, 370 people died as a result of an accident in the capital against 763 in 2010. Read more here.

Mortality statistics over 10 years

Mortality in Moscow increased by 15.5%

In April 2020, a 15.5 percent increase in mortality was recorded in Moscow relative to the same period in 2019. This is evidenced by data on the website of open data of the Moscow government.

At the end of April 2020, the capital's registry offices registered 11,846 deaths. A year earlier, this figure was 10,005. The same information sheet notes that in April 2020, 3959 children were born in Moscow.

The death rate in the capital was the highest since 2010, when  15,016 people died in August, in July of the same year - 14,340 people. Then the heat and severe fires affected. On average, for 10 years, the April mortality rate in Moscow was 9866 people.

In April 2020, a 15.5 percent increase in mortality was recorded in Moscow

The increase in the number of deaths in Moscow in April 2020 is associated with the COVID-19 coronavirus pandemic. 642 people died from this infection in Moscow in April 2020. Died in the capital since the beginning of the epidemic 1124 patients with coronavirus, that is, less than 1% of the total number of infected, according to official statistics.^[3]  

Life expectancy

2023: Average life expectancy in Moscow for 10 years increased by 4 years

The average life expectancy over the past 10 years in Moscow has grown by 4 years and reached 78.4 years. The capital's mayor Sergei Sobyanin said this during a plenary meeting of the second National Congress with international participation "National Health - 2023" in early December 2023. Read more here.

History

1955

Newborns in a cart in one of the maternity hospitals in Moscow, 1955

Notes