Head of the Ministry of Ministry of Digital Development Maksut Shadayev at TAdviser SummIT 2025 - about new risks and powerful incentives for the development of the IT industry

Maksut Shadayev: Good afternoon, colleagues, I am glad to see everyone. I have, as usual, a stressful interview, to answer very sharp questions. The TAdviser summit is a traditional platform that brings together many experts, representatives of the industry, and there is always an open dialogue, for which you are morally preparing.

Yes, there is such a format for the work of the government - strategic sessions. They are held under the leadership of Prime Minister Mikhail Vladimirovich Mishustin.

A certain topic is selected, and a systematic discussion of issues takes place within a few hours. We consider forks, calls within the framework of the selected topic. Representatives of the industry, experts, and a live discussion are often invited to these sessions. At the end of April, a strategic session on industrial software was held, and this week there was a session on communications, which examined the development of the industry. In general, the situation in the industry is not bad - communication tariffs practically do not grow, which is very good for the population. Communication services remain affordable, cheap: over five years, ARPU has grown by 15-16%, which is below inflation. At the same time, the infrastructure is also developing, the coverage area is increasing: over the same five years, the number of LTE base stations has grown 2.5 times. That is, the infrastructure is successfully scaled.

The main challenge that was formulated at the strategic session: traffic is growing at a high rate - in five years it has grown 3 times, speeds and territorial coverage are growing. Now more than 90% of households have the ability to connect to high-speed Internet. Accordingly, the main challenge: how adequate is the growth of infrastructure, the speed of access to the speed of traffic growth. And this happens in the conditions of prices available to the population, high competition, when it is difficult to take more money from subscribers. Other issues were also discussed, including the topic of cyber fraud, which was raised by telecom operators.

Let me remind you that the president was instructed to consider the possibility of compensation for damage from fraud at the expense of telecom operators and banks. Operators absolutely reasonably raise the following question: in conditions when the entire fraudulent schedule went to foreign messengers that do not comply with the requirements of Russian law, let's technically disable the voice function so that the fraudster cannot call. In general, many such complex forks were discussed at the session.

Maksut Shadayev: A difficult question. On the one hand, the shutdown voices will instantly reduce the volume of cyber fraud. Let me remind you that now four crimes out of ten registered, that is, 40%, are associated with cyber fraud. And it's very good that operators began to block ordinary telephone calls from replacement numbers, but after that all voice traffic went to,. In messengers WhatsApp Telegram Telegram, at least there is an opportunity not to accept incoming from unfamiliar contacts, in WhatsApp this is more difficult to do. As a result, telecom operators found themselves in a difficult situation, when it is already unclear where to get additional resources for infrastructure development, especially in conditions of a high key rate, and then they also want to hang damage compensation on them. The situation is difficult, and it is clear that there will be a certain deterioration in customer experience, but we will look for a balance.

In general, many questions were raised at the strategic session, forks were identified. On some issues, decisions were made, on others not yet. And the issue of compensation for damage from cyber fraud refers precisely to those difficult issues on which we will continue to make decisions.

Maksut Shadayev: I will not say that yet, because now there is a discussion.

Maksut Shadayev: Colleagues reported on how successfully testing those devices that have already been put into orbit. Let me remind you that six devices have been launched into orbit. In particular, it was told about the results of testing a very complex technology of inter-satellite laser communication, when communication was established between two devices located at a distance of 1000 kilometers at a speed of 5 Gbps. This is an ultra-advanced technology, and it's cool that we have it, it's developing.

From the point of view of the formation of a satellite constellation, this year 16 devices are scheduled to be launched in December, and another 32 in the next six months of 2026. In general, we should receive the bulk of the grouping with a total of 272 devices in 2027. And then there will be full coverage of the country when the Internet is available, including in remote regions. Let me also remind you about the massive demand for the Internet on mobile facilities - on trains, on airplanes. That's why while everything is going according to plan, we crossed our fingers and are really looking forward to the results.

Maksut Shadayev: Since the president said, we will strangle (laughter and applause in the hall - approx. TAdviser). But I would consider the situation in a broader context. It is clear that the industry is developing very quickly, and this is clearly shown by official statistics - both industry and Rosstat. In terms of growth, the IT industry ranks first, and this, of course, is very cool.

At the same time, we see that the economic situation is not easy, the key rate is high, and many large customers cut IT budgets. In this situation, we think about additional incentives for the growth of demand for domestic solutions, about the introduction of certain restrictions for large companies. Our approach is that in large corporations you can think about a phased restriction of the use of foreign cloud services in the event that mature Russian analogues are available on the market. In order to support Russian companies, give the opportunity to get additional resources. This is all the more justified in a situation where there are foreign cloud services, but it is very difficult to pay for them. Many companies use very complex mechanisms for this. De facto, these are services that are taken, as it were, from under the floors of foreign companies that have ceased their work in Russia.

This is an unconditional conflict based on the habits of users to use foreign services, but in fact, in conditions when the company defiantly left the Russian market, it does not conduct its activities with us. It is strange that we continue to pay for these services.

Maksut Shadayev: We are constantly waiting for a slowdown. We are developing so well that all the time we live in the feeling that budgets are about to begin to decline, salaries will stop growing, and the influx of personnel will stop. Thank God, this is not happening yet. Although, as you said correctly, there are such risks and it is clear that we see them. As a regulator, we are faced with the task of supporting demand. Large companies have recently been operating in a calmer state than in 2022-2023, when the real risks were that everything would be turned off and it was necessary to urgently look for a replacement for Western with Russian. Large companies have experienced this situation and now calmly continue to use foreign software. Moreover, many foreign vendors have built a kind of underground infrastructure for convenient updates by Russian companies and thereby try to stay on the Russian market, no matter what.

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Фото: TAdviser

In this situation, we, as a regulator, understand that if the pressure in terms of switching to Russian software is reduced, that is, the risk of slowing down this process. To avoid the realization of this risk, the State Duma adopted and signed by the President a law on the transition to Russian software of all, regardless of the form of ownership, enterprises related to critical information infrastructure (Federal Law of 07.04.2025 No. 58-FZ "On Amendments to the Federal Law" On the Security of Critical Information Infrastructure of the Russian Federation ").

Let me remind you that earlier there was a decree that applied only to state-owned companies, organizations, corporations. And it concerned only significant objects of KII, which the companies themselves determined for themselves. The new law changes this mechanism. Now the objects related to CII will be determined by industry departments, regulators, and the government will approve them. Previously, some "smart" large state corporations determined one CII facility, although in fact there were hundreds of them, everything depended on good faith. From now on, the situation will be resolved from above. For key industries, standard lists of CII objects will be established, the owners will have to classify them in this way. And for each type of such objects, the deadlines for switching to Russian software will be established, regardless of the form of ownership.

It seems to me that this is a very powerful incentive that will not allow further conservation of foreign solutions in our large companies. It is clear that the transition process will be uncomfortable and difficult for them, but we will move them in this direction.

Maksut Shadayev: In our understanding, this should support demand. At the same time, we understand that there will be great resistance from large companies, but the law has been passed, the government has all the necessary powers, risks will be established for each industry, the deadlines will be determined, and companies will still have to move in this direction.

Maksut Shadayev: The big challenge was that in 2024 the developers ended the income tax benefit, which was set at 0%. Today, the income tax has been raised to 25% for everyone, and in the IT industry the tax is 5%, and I consider this a very good result in the current economic situation. As for mortgages, let me remind you that the main task at one time was the need to stop the outflow of IT specialists by providing them with affordable housing. This risk has already been leveled, is not relevant, so it was very difficult to leave the mortgage on the same terms. A very large volume of mortgage loans was issued - about 80 thousand mortgages were taken. This is a constant burden on the budget, which should compensate banks for the difference between the preferential rate and the market rate.

And we came up with another model, which was supported by the Prime Minister: in order to exclude centripetal force, when all specialists go to Moscow, it is very important to give such an option to employees of regional companies. It was in this form that we managed to agree on a preferential mortgage, and over the past period about 5.5 thousand mortgage loans were issued. This, of course, is not tens of thousands, as it was before, the conditions have become more stringent, but in general the situation is developing well.

It turned out, by the way, that a huge number of specialists living in the regions are registered in the states of the capital's companies. And we urge companies to issue regional branches so as not to deprive their regional employees of the right to a preferential mortgage.

Maksut Shadayev: Let me remind you that the collection was established for telecom operators back in the early 2000s. Each of them deducted 1.2% of the proceeds to a special fund, from which the connection of small settlements was financed. Such as it was not economically profitable for telecom operators to come. But there are people who also have to have access to the Internet. Telecom operators have always complained why they pay, and IT specialists, that is, Internet companies that already have many benefits, do not. Therefore, it was decided to introduce such a collection in order to purposefully support the development of our companies, which ensure the completeness of our ecosystem. After all, there are still gaps in the IT services market, where users are forced to massively turn to foreign services.

Maksut Shadayev: Yes.

Maksut Shadayev: We are now looking for new sources of financing for further development. We have an interdepartmental electronic interaction system (SMEV), which processes about 100 billion transactions per year. Basically, this is an exchange of data between departments in order to confirm the applicant's right to receive certain services, to inform State Public services users about enforcement proceedings, fines, other events that require a reaction. This is a very large infrastructure, within which traffic grows very quickly. And we see from banks almost 30 billion requests, and over the past few years the number of requests has tripled.

Banks use this infrastructure mainly to display information about fines in their applications. There are other cases of using information when passport data, fines for traffic violations, utility bills, and so on are confirmed. Banks gain access to the relevant information systems of the Federal Treasury, housing and communal services and other departments. And many banks, providing this data in their application, charge customers a certain commission for this. In this situation, a moment of certain injustice arises. And at the same time, banks, since they work in a highly competitive market in order to deliver information about the fine to their client as quickly and timely as possible, increase the frequency of calls to the system, which also increases the load.

SMEV is financed from budget funds, that is, from taxpayers' money. At the same time, I repeat, many banks take a commission for payments made by customers after providing them with information based on state money. In this situation, it seems to us fair for banks to take on a certain share of the financial burden on infrastructure development. Moreover, economically, banks are doing well.

Maksut Shadayev: Estimates are very difficult to make, because traffic will be reduced by 90%, in our understanding. The money raised will be used to finance infrastructure, but we are not counting on large amounts. For us, this is not so much a way to earn money as an opportunity to adjust the frequency of requests for government data, to reduce their intensity.

Maksut Shadayev: I think this is a very cool experience. First, within the framework of the competitive model, the developments of our two technology giants are used. Thus, we provide them with the opportunity to develop. The results, in my understanding, are very cool. The robot processes 3.5-4 million requests from about 2 million users every day, with satisfaction at 70% or more. The user experience has improved. We see this both according to user estimates and simply by the increase in the number of requests processed. If the number of requests grows, this means that the user finds the necessary information, receives quick responses, this service is convenient for him. And secondly, our target model is the provision of services through a robot in order to exclude filling out applications altogether. We already have about 15 services provided using a robot, and the traffic processed by robots grows significantly. This is a very good dynamics, proving that we have chosen the right option for the development of public services.

Maksut Shadayev: This is a VK product, and the coincidence of the names is a pure accident, although, of course, no one believes (laughter in the hall - approx. TAdviser). Let me remind you that Russia has a full-fledged digital ecosystem - search, browser, aggregators, marketplaces. There are few countries in the world that can boast of such a developed ecosystem. At the same time, several critical niches remained on the market - instant messengers, mobile OS, in which either their own IT solutions were not presented at all, or they were in their infancy. And the fact that VK launched its messenger, which, by the way, I use, and I note that it is absolutely consumer, it implements cool voice calls. Perhaps, due to the fact that the messenger has not yet gained tens of millions of users, the quality of voice calls is excellent, but I hope that colleagues will continue to support the same high quality. Therefore, we welcome the initiative of VK.

Let me remind you that in 2022, together with VK and other large IT companies, we launched the RuStore application store, with the help of which more than 60 million installations have now been produced. These are precisely the projects that allow you to close the product lacunae on the market. Everyone asks me how the new messenger will gather an audience. I think that since VK has its own social network, there is a very large potential for synergy. Plus synergy with our leading Internet companies, so we will all promote and develop this messenger together.

Maksut Shadayev: We are thinking about this.

Maksut Shadayev: We are working on such an opportunity. Once again, to understand the situation: the transition of users to instant messengers seems to us absolutely natural. The site of public services as a certain surface has the right to exist, but it is ideal that the state provides services in those channels where the user is present. We discussed the launch of the Public services in Telegram for a long time, but have not yet decided in connection with certain points. We had experiments with a social network, some of our services are available Vkontakte - doctor's notes and so on.

Maksut Shadayev: So far, yes. We believe that it is necessary to support our domestic services.

Maksut Shadayev: This is a site that no one should go to. In fact, this is not a site yet, only a landing, a domain reserved by us. Now there is nothing on it, and will not appear in the near future. We had to make it possible there to sign up for closed testing. For us, this is a sandbox for conducting various technological experiments, primarily related to the development of universal assistant services. We are afraid to conduct such experiments within the existing ecosystem of public services, because suddenly it will not come, suddenly we overestimated the demand for such a format. And we decided to launch a separate site for this.

I think that at the end of 2025 or at the beginning of the next we will implement closed testing, and there will be many new cool services that may not enter for the entire audience. We consider this site as a platform for testing, gaining user experience.

Maksut Shadayev: It seems to me that this is exactly the main sign that Gostech is developing. Honestly, the theme of "Gostekh" we overheated a little. Now we are launching the next version. Many systems are already being implemented on Gostekh. We just decided to shift the focus in informing about Gostekh from the platform itself to specific services and departmental systems implemented on its basis. But the work is underway, and in this sense Gostech will remain mainstream, of course.

Maksut Shadayev: I would not even only single out this law, but a whole set of regulatory documents. Let me remind you that in May last year, in the presidential decree, the digital transformation of the state, economy was designated as a national goal, 11 tasks are listed that must be solved. And one of these tasks is to reduce the damage from cyber fraud by creating a platform for effective interaction between different bodies, organizations, banks. In this sense, the task of reducing damage formally is now in the area of ​ ​ responsibility of the Ministry of Digital Development. Now we are responsible for the relevant indicators, which, of course, is a very big challenge for us.

When we took this topic into work a year ago, we began to consider the main scenarios for how fraudulent actions are committed. And the law passed is the result of our analysis. There are obvious things. For example, on the website of a microfinance organization, you can issue a loan for a third party. You submit an application using, among other things, the data of the Public services, confirm your income, and at the end you indicate the number of the card on which the money will come. And no one checks this card number - your card or not. We started with such simple things as agreed with the Central Bank that if you apply for a loan, you can only take it for yourself. This measure, I think, will be very effective. We also agreed that banks will be obliged to provide all their customers with the opportunity to appoint a second person to confirm the transaction. For older people, this is very important when children can confirm certain transactions, transfers.

Another measure is not so much effective as declarative, but we always talk about it: we forbade government agencies and banks to call through instant messengers. This norm is designated rather as a principle, but I would like you all to know - they cannot call you from the FSB, say, via WhatsApp.

Maksut Shadayev: Not yet, but here we need to work on information, so you also turn on. I say at all sites that no one can call you.

A whole set of technologies is used. For example, they banned spam calls that are directly related to fraud. Now we will separately regulate everything related to virtual PBXs. And another planned measure, which was also supported, is that all calls from the organization must be marked, that is, accompanied by a so-called label. Accordingly, the operator transmits information about that organization, because he entered into an agreement with it. In fact, it was cool for the first stage. We have provided for the creation of a single national platform that should ensure the interaction of banks, telecom operators, digital platforms, government agencies, law enforcement agencies in order to promptly exchange information in order to stop transfers, transactions that fall under the patterns of suspicious.

Maksut Shadayev: I must say that the law on simplifying operators' access to apartment buildings (Federal Law of 06.04.2024 No. 67-FZ) was very difficult, because in fact two large industries collided - housing and communal services represented by management companies and an operator, ours. The task was to find a balance in a very difficult model, even the parliamentary hearings were on this bill. We adopted this law, zeroed the fee for operators for placing equipment at home, excluded the need to obtain a decision of the general meeting of owners. All this so that the operator can access the house.

We adopted the law, but we see that in practice the operators still have a lot of problems. A certain sabotage - although this is probably the wrong word, a certain resistance from management companies remains. Within the framework of the strategic session, with which our interview began, the issue of tightening, the introduction of rather strict administrative responsibility for management companies for unreasonably refusing the operator access to operators in the house was discussed. This is as for the current housing stock.

But the situation that you are talking about, it is a little different, is connected with the developer. For developers, there is now no requirement to introduce new houses with the Internet. There are requirements that there be sewage, electricity, heat supply systems. Without this, a modern house cannot be commissioned. There is no connection in the project documentation as a class, so we say: let's introduce an obligation for new buildings that when you get construction, you must not only conclude contracts for heat and water supply, electricity, but must attach contracts with three operators. And at the stage of accepting the house for operation, it will be checked that three independent operators have entered the house. Colleagues from the Ministry of Construction reacted favorably to our initiative. The only thing, it is necessary to additionally resolve the following question: what if there are not three operators in the territory where the house is being built, but only two or one in general.

Thus, in working with management companies, we will introduce administrative responsibility, and for new buildings we will demand that all new houses be introduced in a situation with a competitive connection.

Alexander, Rau IT company: Good afternoon. Question about personnel. Over the years, there has been a lot of talk about personnel shortages. It was argued that the IT industry lacked up to 300 thousand people. And I would like to ask: in your opinion, is the trend changing? Is the market cooling or, conversely, will the deficit intensify? For example, in connection with the return of foreign IT companies. And the second question: what will the Ministry of Ministry of Digital Development do in this regard? Maybe additional support measures are planned to be taken. Thank you.

Maksut Shadayev: Honestly, I was surprised that Alexander did not ask the question when all major foreign companies would return.

Maksut Shadayev: Their likely imminent return is now being discussed at all venues, but, frankly, we do not see such a stir on their part. I do not yet feel signs of super-interest on the part of large Western vendors in returning to the Russian market. Our position is as follows: we are for competition. There is such an expression: let all flowers bloom, but we will blur weeds, and then the question arises of the criteria for what to consider weeds and what flowers. We are for competition, but manageable. Despite the fact that we will still support Russian solutions, they are a priority. The regime of preferences should remain.

In terms of personnel shortages, the situation is mixed. Periodically publish information that the number of vacancies is decreasing, many people are leaving...

Maksut Shadayev: While we do not see such trends, we do not observe a total freeze in hiring and the fact that IT companies fire IT specialists because artificial intelligence writes code. Therefore, it seems to us that the excitement is inflated. In the IT industry, over 5 years, the number of employees increased by 50% and amounts to 990 thousand specialists as of the end of 2024. Now, obviously, they have stepped over for a million.

In general, I believe that the demand for IT specialists remains. Another thing is that the excitement around the IT industry and the shortage of personnel led to the fact that many went into this profession by taking online courses. There were novice specialists, "juns," who say that everyone can, take us to work. And companies need strong developers, "middles." There is a problem in this - people more want to tune into the industry, but the quality of their preparation does not yet meet the expectations of large companies, because they are moving towards increasingly complex developments.

Maksut Shadayev: Before our discussion there was your video, and everything has already been said there - that Western companies will return, our companies will consolidate, enlarge. Of course, we lack consolidation, but this is a natural process. We should not drive companies, as they say, "by the hand," the market will regulate this issue. Still, we do not have such a large volume of the domestic market and, accordingly, the demand that ten video conferencing simultaneously develop and compete with each other, luring specialists from each other. We expect a certain cooling of the market and consolidation in order for real champions to appear. But the need for personnel remains, and I urge the younger generation to connect their lives with IT. At the same time, it is necessary to shift towards robotics, artificial intelligence, to master more complex specialties. But progress, it seems to me, cannot be stopped.

Mark Halperin, Moscow Thermal Automation Plant. As you know, the Open APCS consortium is currently working, and a number of holdings, including Rostelecom, are participating in it, and the Ministry of Industry and Trade oversees it. The question is: Do the Ministry of Ministry of Digital Development help this process? Is it generally included in this process or not? What are the prospects?

Maksut Shadayev: This is an industry-wide thing, and we do it together with the Ministry of Industry and Trade. Large customers have joined together to make PCS, have already implemented the industrial protocol and are progressing well. Most importantly, the results are posted in the public domain, the source code is open source. This is a very cool story, allows more developers to take part. And it cannot be said that the Ministry of Industry and Trade is engaged in this alone, this is our joint project. We encourage companies to participate and join this project.

Catherine, IT service company. The question is this: the IT sphere is not like a spherical horse in a vacuum, but as an industry that, in principle, is service and should help other industries develop, accelerate and generally move the economy. Where is a healthy balance between preferences for IT companies to grow the industry, and so that representatives of other industries - developers, retailers, manufacturing companies have access to the most efficient IT tools, IT services to accelerate, innovate and develop other industries. Thank you.

Maksut Shadayev: Thank God, I am not responsible for other industries, only for IT, so my task is that other industries buy more Russian IT solutions and that Russian IT systems themselves become better, more mature, more functional. And, of course, we see ourselves in a competitive environment. It is probably possible to develop due to a complete ban on all foreign things, but this should be a very short period that can be used to start. And then we still have to be in a competitive market. Therefore, the balance must be found here. And as I said, we are for competition, but at the same time we will always support Russian solutions, raise them so that they can win in this competition

Natalia Zeitenidi, BFT Holding: The question is next. Maksut Igorevich, we have difficulties - not at BFT Holding, but at developers related to the fact that not all products are in the register of domestic software - we are talking about large Open Source libraries . For several years, the question has been worked out that trusted repositories will be regulated and legalized. Large companies already have such repositories - both Rostelecom and Astra. Are there plans to accept any documents to confirm the possibility of using open source software from trusted repositories in domestic developments?

Maksut Shadayev:: A very difficult question, and it is immediately clear that you are a professional in the industry. We are very afraid to assert something. When the regulator claims something, competition suffers. At the moment, I do not hear beyond the request for such a statement. I hear a request from developers who reproach us that both Open Source-based developments are included in the registry and native development from scratch, and both solutions are equalized in rights. Although it is clear that there is very little added value in developments based on Open Source. About the repository and everything else is a long question. So far, we have not even finished the discussion about compatibility with operating systems. It would seem a simple question, but it turned out to be so multifaceted that we still cannot make a decision, because we are very afraid that our decision will bring structural confusion to the industry. So let's discuss.

Mikhail Chernodub, IVA Technologies: Maksut Igorevich, as you know, there are several registers - the register of the radio-electronic industry, the Russian register of industrial products. On January 1, a decree was issued that some types of positions, including telephone sets, cannot be confirmed by the register of electronic products. It was planned to combine these registries, but the solution to the issue was delayed. I wanted to clarify whether it is still planned to combine these registers?

Maksut Shadayev: These are two registers of the Ministry of Industry and Trade, so the question is not for me. We have our own register of PACS, software and hardware systems. Register there and that's it.

Oksana, MegaFon: I am responsible for the development of electronic document management at MegaFon. I have the following question: you have published a project to charge fees for contacting SMEV. The question relates to the fact that you give an example when large companies benefit from turning to your infrastructure. Can you tell me, please, will the distinction be considered when companies do it more for people? For example, remote reception when we expand territories, and this helps people in remote territories get jobs more.

Maksut Shadayev: I think that banks would also say that they help people pay fines. The size of the commission is only 1%, but how did we help you... We have published this draft resolution specifically in order to cause a lively discussion. Let's collect comments and then discuss the project in more closed formats. Maybe we should make the exception of obtaining information for medicine, for example. It's just that now telemedicine does not give us much traffic. Or, another example, many of us ask, including operators, that the need to check subscriber data is provided for by the law that must be executed. We should also discuss such cases separately, and, possibly, exclude them from payment.

Kunetsov Sergey Nikolaevich: I wish you good health. Please give further prospects for the development of cybersecurity and information security in Russia.

Maksut Shadayev: Very good (laughter and applause in the hall - approx. TAdviser). It seems to me that SVO has shown all the vulnerabilities, and how we, albeit not very quickly, are turning to respond to these threats. We see how the cybersecurity market is growing. Companies working with cybersecurity are already filming Luzhniki, that is, they can afford mass events for tens of thousands of people. Cybersecurity has become an ultra-large industry, and will continue to develop very actively, I am sure. This is our competitive advantage, like a weapon. When we discuss new deals, we are all asked about cybersecurity, how it works for us, and asked to sell our solutions. This is a very promising large industry where we have ultra-competitive advantages.

Denis: My name is Denis. We are engaged in the system integration of information security for business. And in this regard, the question. What are the most priority sectors of the economy for digital transformation from the point of view of the state and why? And how, in your opinion, companies like ours can help the state in solving these problems in the face of the need to ensure the digital sovereignty of our country.

Maksut Shadayev: It seems to me that heavy industries, in particular mechanical engineering, are now in the spotlight for the state. Trade, banks and other large consumer segments have always grown. Fintech we have one of the best in the world, if not the best. The state is now very worried about the heavy industries that form the basis of the country's production potential. The production of aircraft engines, ships - this is where the task is to undergo digital transformation. The production of such products requires state-of-the-art technologies, and we can solve the problem of personnel shortages only through the same solutions in the field of artificial intelligence. And integrators like you have such an offer. You work very closely with customers, understand their pain, and a very positive practice when a system integrator starts making their products. Become a little vendor, replace those solutions that you have implemented a lot, since the experience is great. Do yours.

Maksut Shadayev: We have positions in which there is no competition, for example, ERP competitors "" have 1C just begun to appear. There are many niches where you need a second, third vendor. Yes, there are niches where 10-15 companies work, and there are those where there are not enough players.

Alexey: Good afternoon. My name is Alexey. I have a question about regulating encrypted traffic within Russia and beyond at the entrance, in particular, blocking VPN between points. In what direction can we move?

Maksut Shadayev: A difficult question. I think that in the next six months we will decide on the contours of politics in this part. The share of VPN traffic is increasing, while it is clear that Roskomnadzor is fighting unfriendly VPNs that do not comply with the requirements of Russian law. We will now develop a clear policy in this part, the time has come to agree on uniform rules. Therefore, now I cannot tell you in which direction to move, where to run, but I will say closer to autumn, probably.

Alexey: You said that juns come from the market, companies do not receive good mids or seniors. Does Ministry of Digital Development plan to integrate IT companies to improve student learning?

Maksut Shadayev: This is a measure that we have long come up with. A year ago, we began to discuss it very carefully, trying to prevent failures. Rather, we are already at the final stage of discussing how those companies that enjoy benefits will be obliged to reinvest 5% of the saved amount in the higher education system. We went through a lot of forks, the model is ready. All large profitable IT companies will have to provide a certain amount of cooperation with universities, ensuring the supply of teachers who will improve the quality of training, provide internships at home, joint projects, and so on. It will be a direct obligation, and if the IT company does not fulfill it in full, then it has the risk of losing accreditation, stop using benefits. We believe that the state has done a lot for IT companies. Now it is time for IT companies to invest a little in education with their expertise, quality of understanding, experience.

Maksut Shadayev: From next year. We will give this year very carefully to swing, to conclude agreements with universities. And for the next accreditation, a verification mechanism will already be used.

Sergey, IBS: I have a question about support measures in the field of IT, of which there are a lot. Our group has a company that specializes in testing independent software. But now, for some reason, such activities, when we test software created by other companies, do not belong to profile IT revenue. Is it planned to do something in this direction?

Maksut Shadayev: For the first time I hear about such a problem. In my understanding, such activities should relate to profile revenue. But I'll figure it out, honestly. There are no regulatory restrictions, if you need to clarify something in terms of our clarifications, we will do it.