Credit scoring

Credit history

Main article: Credit history

2022: The rating of the regions of Russia in which individuals return loans the worst has been released

In July 2022, the financial marketplace "Compare" released a rating of the regions of Russia, the inhabitants of which are the worst returning loans. The highest average credit ratings were recorded in Moscow (621), St. Petersburg (617), Vladivostok (613), Krasnodar (611) and Nizhny Novgorod (610).

It is noted that in Moscow and the Moscow region, Krasnodar Territory, St. Petersburg and the Sverdlovsk region live the most users with a credit rating of 1000 points.

A rating of the regions in which individuals are the worst at returning loans has been compiled

According to analysts, the lowest credit rating among residents of Chechnya (the indicator is not specified). At the same time, users in Ingushetia, the Magadan region and Altai can most often be found completely without a credit rating.

Russians over 47 years old usually have a high credit rating, citizens 18-23 years old usually have a low credit rating. At the same time, the former, receiving the most attractive conditions, most often refuse loans, and the latter "receive unfavorable conditions, but are forced to agree to them, since they do not have alternative proposals," explained Alexey Gribkov, deputy general director of the company.

The credit rating takes into account the indicators of conscientiousness in the execution of loans, diversification of loans, renewal and credit history. The indicator from 701 to 1000 points allows you to count on favorable loan conditions, 501-700 - on standard conditions, 0-500 - on unfavorable loan conditions and an increased risk of refusal, reports Kommersant"."

Alexey Gribkov noted the annual increase in the credit rating of Russians. He attributes this to an increase in the financial literacy of the population.

According to Compare, by July 2022, the average credit rating in Russia is 573 points against 551 points a year earlier. According to Bank of Russia statistics, in May 2022, the range of weighted average rates on retail loans in rubles was at the level of 14.39-26.54%.^[1]

2021: Introduction of a unified scale of credit ratings of Russians

On May 19, 2021, the Central Bank of the Russian Federation announced the introduction of a unified scale of credit ratings of Russians for all credit bureaus (BKI).

As stated on the regulator's website, a single scale of such ratings will be adopted in the range from 1 to 999: the higher the rating, the lower the borrower's credit risk is assessed. The score itself characterizes the likelihood of the borrower becoming overdue over the next 12 months, the general director of OKBARTUR Aleksandrovich explained to Kommersant.

At the same time, it is still more interesting for consumers to know not the likelihood of whether they will be delayed, but their chances of obtaining a loan and possible lending conditions, he said.

Central Bank introduces a single scale of credit ratings of Russians

The rating will become available to Russians along with the credit report, but can be provided separately. At the same time, twice a year such a service will be provided free of charge. The requirements for the calculation method and the composition of the disclosed information will enter into force on January 1, 2022 for qualified BCHs, and for the rest of the BCHs - from January 1, 2024.

The Central Bank expects that a uniform approach to calculating the credit ratings of borrowers will increase their interest in obtaining information about their credit history and, as a result, increase their financial literacy.

Previously, each BKI independently determined the rating of borrowers, based on its own methodology. In particular, the calculations take into account the number and volume of loans, late payments, etc.

To simplify the understanding of information on the credit rating, the Bank of Russia intends to require it to be provided in graphic form. The citizen will see his place on a common scale, divided into four groups of different colors. The group with the highest rating will be 10% of the total "population" of credit history subjects, the remaining three groups will have a share of 30% each^[2][3]

2020: State-owned companies will take into account only the bank's credit rating to place their money there

On October 16, 2020, it became known about the desire of the Russian authorities to change the system of access to funds from state-owned companies. This is reported in the bill "On improving the selection of credit institutions on the basis of a credit rating for the purpose of investing and placing funds," which will be submitted to the State Duma on October 19. The document was "conceptually supported" by the Central Bank and the Ministry of Finance, Anatoly Aksakov, head of the State Duma Committee on Financial Markets, told RBC.

As the publication explains (it has this draft law at its disposal), by mid-October 2020, the main criterion for placing, for example, funds of state-owned companies in banks is the capital of a credit institution. The new initiative of the State Duma assumes that it will be possible to rely only on the bank's credit rating - a similar approach will be extended to many other industries.

State-owned companies will take into account only the bank's credit rating to place their funds there

So far, the bank's credit rating is a secondary criterion. In addition to him, this category includes the bank's participation in the deposit insurance system, the application of supervisory measures by the regulator, various forms of state support and the value of standards. The state corporation can place free funds, open accounts and deposits only in banks with the proper amount of capital. At the same time, the bank must immediately return funds and interest to it if it ceases to meet the requirements of the law.

According to the Central Bank, the credit rating allows you to give an independent assessment of the scale of activities and financial stability of the bank, taking into account many factors, including the amount of capital.

Marina Chekurova, First Deputy General Director of Expert RA, believes that the bill will help increase the competitiveness of regional banks, which "can be considered the main victims of the application of current criteria, within which not only the rating level is taken into account, but also the amount of capital."^[4]

2019

Banks in Russia when issuing loans will evaluate customers on purchases using cards

At the end of November 2019, it became known that banks in Russia, when issuing loans, will evaluate customers for purchases using credit or debit cards. The corresponding methodology was developed by the Equifax credit bureau, which accumulates information about loans in retail banks (about 60% of the market, according to the BKI itself), except for Sberbank.

Banks decided to assess customer spending on cards when issuing loans

As the general director of Equifax Oleg Lagutkin told RBC, by the end of November 2019, more than 10 retail banks are testing the service. Among them are VTB, Tinkoff Bank and Renaissance Credit.

According to Oleg Lagutkin, the assessment of the income of Russians according to the bureau's methodology will be "adequately conservative." The work is carried out with the involvement of specialists from the Central Bank.

If a consumer spends some amount on a card, then he somehow earned or received it. After a certain mathematical processing, this can characterize the level of his income, "he explained.

The revenue and expense assessment mechanism will operate as follows:

• With the consent of the client, banks will transfer information about cardholders and the numbers of these cards in encrypted form to the credit history bureau (BKI). On their basis, each user will be assigned a unique number.
• Payment systems will collect data on card payments linked to this number without being linked to the customer's name.
• To obtain additional data, the creditor, with the consent of the client, will send a request to the BKI with the full name and passport number of the client.
• At the final stage, the bureau compares the received data with a unique number, and payment systems analyze transactions on all cards attached to this number. The obtained assessment is sent to the jar.

The system has its drawbacks, they admit to Equifax. She can count the relatives of the former spouses if they have a common surname, or, conversely, not recognize the husband and wife with different surnames.^[5]

The scoring system of bank customers in Russia will take into account payments on loans to relatives

On September 20, 2019, it became known that the credit scoring system for bank customers in Russia will take into account payments on loans to relatives. This methodology was developed by the Equifax credit bureau, which accumulates information about loans in retail banks (about 60% of the market, according to the BKI itself), except for Sberbank. 

According to Oleg Lagutkin, CEO of Equifax, by September 2019, more than 10 retail banks had begun testing the service. The system does not use data about the client itself, but only analyzes the credit histories of his inner circle.

Banks began to evaluate borrowers on the credit histories of relatives

The system developed by Equifax assesses the credit behavior of the client's relatives and calculates the risk of default of the person himself. Banks send the bureau information about the potential borrower and his guarantors. Equifax is looking for a match in its database, which contains information about almost 60 million citizens. The result obtained may affect the final credit rating of the borrower, depending on whether one of his relatives allowed delay and to what extent. The probability that there is information about at least one relative of the client in the database is 80%.

However, the new client assessment service for his inner circle is not ideal, representatives of Equifax and banks admitted in conversations with RBC. For example, the system can count relatives of former spouses if they have a common surname, or, conversely, do not "connect" husband and wife with different surnames, told in. VTB However, the bureau is engaged in updating data, added to the bank.

Nikolai Myasnikov, Deputy General Director of the United Credit Bureau (OKB), sees the main risk of this service, in principle, "son for father is responsible," when "a person will be denied a loan if he has unreliable relatives^[6]

See also

• Credit report
• Joint Credit Bureau (OKB)
• National Bureau of Credit Histories (NBCH)

• Debt for telecommunications services (Debts of Russians for communication services)
• Debt for housing and communal services
• Lending in Russia (debt)
• Recourse and Subregulation Indebtedness in Russia

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