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2014
The city of federal significance is included in the list of subjects of the Russian Federation in the Constitution of Russia
On April 1, 2014, deputies of the legislative assembly of Sevastopol decided that the highest official of the city of Sevastopol is the Governor of the city of Sevastopol. On the same day, they unanimously decided to appoint Alexei Chaly as acting governor of the city
On April 2, 2014, the president of the Russian Federation Vladimir Putin signed a decree according to which the city of federal significance Sevastopol is included in the Southern Military District. On April 11, 2014, the city was included in the list of subjects RUSSIAN FEDERATION in the Constitution. On Russia the same day, the Charter of Sevastopol was adopted.
Return of the Republic of Crimea and the city of Sevastopol to the Russian Federation
On March 18, 2014, an agreement was signed in the St. George Palace of the Kremlin on the accession of the Republic of Crimea and the city of Sevastopol to the Russian Federation as new entities.
On March 21, the president Russia Vladimir Putin signed the Federal Constitutional Law "On the Admission to the Russian Federation of the Republic of Crimea education and as part of of the Russian Federation new subjects - Republic of Crimea and cities of federal significance of Sevastopol" and the Federal Law "On Ratification of the Treaty between the Russian Federation and the Republic of Crimea on the acceptance of the Republic of Crimea into the Russian Federation and the formation of new subjects in the Russian Federation."
Referendum on the status of Crimea
On March 2, 2014, residents of the city asked the Crimean authorities to include the city in the Autonomous Republic of Crimea (ARC) as a city with a special status. On March 11, 2014, the Sevastopol City Council and the Supreme Council of the ARC adopted the Declaration on the Independence of the Autonomous Republic of Crimea and the city of Sevastopol.
On March 16, 2014, a referendum was held on the status of Crimea, following which 95.6% of Sevastopol citizens spoke in favor of the city joining the Russian Federation.
1999: The Eternal Flame is lit in memory of the heroic defense of the city during the Second World War
In 1999, the Eternal Flame was lit at the Memorial Wall in memory of the heroic defense of the city during the Second World War. As of August 1999, Sevastopol as a joint naval base of Russia and Ukraine had a special administrative status.
1996: City of central subordination under the new constitution of Ukraine
After the adoption of the new constitution of Ukraine in 1996, Sevastopol, like the capital of Ukraine - Kyiv, was a city of central subordination. After the adoption of the law on the capital, Sevastopol remained the only city in Ukraine, the head of the city administration of which was not elected, but was appointed President of Ukraine. However, the city council of Sevastopol had the right to veto any decision of the mayor.
1991: Sevastopol removed from the Crimean region
On February 12, 1991, the Supreme Council of the Ukrainian SSR adopted the Law "On the Restoration of the Crimean Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic." Article 1 of the law says: "To restore the Crimean Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic within the territory of the Crimean region as part of the Ukrainian SSR." Since according to the Ukrainian position, the city of Sevastopol was not removed from the Crimean region in 1948, when it received the status of a city of republican subordination, and the adoption of the Constitution of the Ukrainian SSR in 1978 did not change the legal status of such cities, Sevastopol formally remained part of the Krymskaya Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic until 1996, which was also noted in the 1992 Constitution of the Republic of Crimea.
1954: Transfer of the Crimean region from the RSFSR to the Ukrainian SSR
The transfer of the Crimean region from the RSFSR to the Ukrainian SSR was carried out on the basis of a decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR of February 19, 1954. The publication of the decree is often called the personal initiative of the First Secretary of the Central Committee of the CPSU N. S. Khrushchev, closely associated with Ukraine.
1948: The city is allocated as an independent administrative and economic center
In accordance with paragraph 57 of Resolution of the Council of Ministers of the USSR No. 403 of October 25, 1948 "On Measures to Accelerate the Restoration of Sevastopol" and Decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Council of the RSFSR of October 29, 1948 No. 761/2 "On the allocation of the city of Sevastopol to an independent administrative and economic center" Sevastopol "was assigned to the category of cities of republican subordination." The acts of the USSR and the RSFSR adopted in Sevastopol in 1948 withdrew it from the Crimean region, giving the city the status equal to the status of the region.
1944: The liberation of the city completed the purification of the Crimean peninsula from Nazi invaders in World War II
Photo: Eugene Halday.]]
1941-1942: The city's second defence
On June 22, 1941, Sevastopol was subjected to the first bombing of German aviation, the purpose of which was to mine from the air of the bay, block the fleet. The plan was thwarted by the anti-aircraft and naval artillery of the Black Sea Fleet. After the German army invaded Crimea, the defense of the city began, lasting 250 days from October 30, 1941 to July 4, 1942.
Soviet troops of the Primorsky Army and the forces of the Black Sea Fleet repelled two major offensives of Manstein's 11th Army in November and December 1941, shackling large enemy forces. An accelerated restructuring of the whole life of the city began in a military way.
1935
1920: Soviet government begins to revive the city
In November 1920, the remnants of the White Army, commanded by General P.N. Wrangel, were evacuated from Sevastopol. Together with them, the last ships of the Black Sea Fleet left. From that moment begins the history of Soviet Sevastopol.
Thanks to the efforts of the Soviet government, the Black Sea Fleet is beginning to revive. The work of the Sevastopol Marine Plant, which received orders for the repair and construction of ships, is being restored. Modern ships are leaving the slipways, the coastal defense of the city is strengthening, new coastal batteries and airfields are being built. The city is also gradually recovering from the post-war devastation of World War I.
1914: Outbreak of World War I
Main article: World War I
In 1914, Russia entered World War I. On October 29, the city was fired upon from the German battlecruiser Goeben. The attack was repulsed by coastal batteries and the cruiser "George the Victorious." During the First World War, the Black Sea Fleet destroyed up to 50 Turkish steamships and almost 3 thousand other ships.
1905: First Russian Revolution
The events of the first Russian revolution did not bypass Sevastopol. In June 1905, a red flag was raised over the battleship Potemkin, and in November of the same year, an uprising broke out on the ships of the Black Sea Fleet, led by Lieutenant P.P. Schmidt. The uprising was crushed, and its instigators were shot.
1870: Beginning of Fleet Recovery
The restoration of the fleet began in 1870, and on the eve of World War I, there were up to 400 combat, auxiliary and transport ships in Sevastopol. The rapid development of Sevastopol was facilitated by the formation of the USSR.
1853-1856: The city's first defence
Sevastopol played a key role in the Crimean War from 1853 to 1856. On September 14, 1854, the 62 thousand combined army of England, France and Turkey landed near Yevpatoria and headed for Sevastopol, which was defended by 25 thousand sailors and 7 thousand garrison of the city. The advantage of the fleet of attackers was also overwhelming, as a result of which it was later decided to flood Russian ships to block the entrance to the city bay.
1783: Founding of the city as a base of the Black Sea Fleet
On May 13, 1783, a squadron under the command of Vice Admiral Fedot Klokachev arrived in the Akhtiar Bay of Sevastopol. It is this day that is considered to be the beginning of the formation of the Black Sea Fleet, despite the official creation in 1785.
Initially, the settlement was called Akhtiar, after the Crimean Tatar village of Ak-Yar, which was on the site of the city, until February 23, 1784, Catherine II, by his decree, ordered Governor-General G. A. Potemkin to arrange in his place a large fortification with admiralty for ships of the first rank, a modern port and a settlement for military personnel. The foundation date of modern Sevastopol is June 14, 1783. The city was created as the main base of the Russian Black Sea Fleet, a military outpost of the southern borders.
Notes
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