RRV Real-Time Operating System

Regulatory regulation in terms of software

• Requirements of Federal Law No. 188-FZ of 29.06.2015 Governments of the Russian Federation and Resolution No. 1236 of 16.11.2015. a ban on software admission originating from foreign countries was established for the purpose of making purchases to meet state and municipal needs, Ministry of Digital Development, Communications and Mass Media Russia and it was entrusted with maintaining a single register of Russian computer programs.
• The Expert software Council for the Ministry of Telecom and Mass Communications decided to refuse to include in the register ON and prevent the use of software based on software products of foreign origin (Protocol No. 467pr dated 12.11.18).
• Held on 05.03.2019. The meeting of the NTS of the Military-Industrial Complex of the Russian Federation noted that the use of software originating from foreign countries in especially critical systems and complexes, including in ViVT samples, contradicts the current laws, and recommended that the Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation tighten control in order to prevent the use of software based on foreign program code.

Information Protection Requirements

• Modern requirements for information protection imposed on aviation complexes require certification of all software that processes protected information, including operating systems, for the absence of undeclared capabilities in accordance with the provisions of Order No. 058 of the Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation of 1996.
• The RV OS is additionally subject to certification requirements as a means of information protection (a guiding document of information security requirements for operating systems and a family of security profiles IT.OSx developed by the FSTEC of Russia)

OSRV systems (global market)

2023: Global OSRV market growth by 7% to $5 billion

In 2023, costs in the global operating systems of real time (OSRT) market reached $5.18 billion. The indicator of the previous year, when expenses in this area were estimated at $4.82 billion, was exceeded by about 7%. This is stated in a study by Market Research Future, the results of which were published in early December 2024.

The primary purpose of the SRTS is to provide the necessary and sufficient set of functions for the design, development and operation of real-time systems on certain hardware. One of the key drivers of the industry in question, the authors of the report cite the growing demand for automation in various areas such as manufacturing, health care telecommunications and automotive. RTRs are critical for managing complex tasks and ensuring uninterrupted communication between devices and systems of different types. Against the background of rapid development, Internet of Things (IoT) intelligent production and all kinds of digital platforms, the need for communications and real-time information processing is becoming more and more significant. RRVs are capable of processing data with minimal delay, which allows you to quickly respond to certain changes.

The expansion of the market under consideration is also facilitated by the introduction of embedded devices in various areas, such as automotive and industrial automation. Due to the constant increase in the complexity and functionality of such equipment, the need for real-time information processing is increasing. Advances in artificial intelligence and machine learning are also cited as a stimulating factor: these technologies help developers create more efficient and adaptive operating systems. On the other hand, analysts point to some of the obstacles holding back the faster growth of the market: these are high development costs and complexity of implementation in different environments.

In terms of the scope of OSRV, the authors of the study identify five main segments: automotive, healthcare, industrial automation, telecommunications and aerospace. In 2023, the first of these areas provided revenue in the amount of $1.04 billion. Healthcare accounted for $0.92 billion, industrial automation - $1.15 billion. Costs in the telecommunications field are estimated at $1.42 billion. The most significant players in the industry include:

• Green Hills Software;
• Realtime Systems;
• Wind River Systems;
• QNX Software Systems;
• Microsoft;
• FreeRTOS;
• IBM;
• Express Logic;
• Red Hat;
• Microchip Technology;
• Sysgo;
• RTThread;
• Aerospace Corporation;
• Adeneo;
• Mentor Graphics.

Geographically, North America leads with costs of $2.1 billion in 2023: there is a high demand for OSRV in the aerospace and automotive industries. In second place is the Asia-Pacific region with $1.4 billion, and Europe closes the top three with $1.3 billion, driven by advances in automation and robotics. In South America, expenses amounted to approximately $0.2 billion, in the Middle East and Africa - $0.18 billion.

At the end of 2024, revenue in the OSRV segment is estimated at $5.56 billion. Market Research Future analysts believe that in the future, the CAGR will be at 7.41%. As a result, by 2032, costs on a global scale could increase to $9.85 billion.^[1]

2020

• The world leaders in the field of RPV development are WindRiver (USA, VxWorks RTOS RPV), Blackberry/QSS (Canada, QNX Neutrino RPV), SysGo (Germany, PikeOS RPV).
• There is a freely distributed FreeRTOS implementation distributed under the MIT license, but its technical support is provided by Wittenstein (UK) under the SafeRTOS brand.

OSRV systems (Russian market)

• In the Russian Federation, there are practically no domestic commercially available or freely distributed operating systems intended for use in critical embedded computing systems.
• Available solutions, as a rule, are proprietary products of companies used either within one enterprise (EOS, RealMK‒32) or within one architecture (OS RV Baget 2.0/3.0/4.0, operating on processor modules developed by NIISI RAS ( Komdiv family))
• Solutions initially created for widespread use are mainly in the state of development within the framework of OCD or research and development (JetOS, MOSOP/Strix).

• Due to the lack of available domestic OSRVs, before known events, imported OSRVs were widely used in WWST products, and after the imposition of sanctions, it was necessary to look for ways out of the current situation.
• A striking example is the SVD ZOSRV Neutrino and Neutrino-E (SVD Embedded Systems LLC), which are a clone of the Canadian-designed QNX Neutrino OSRV.
• There is no confirmation that these RTRs can be used without restrictions and QSS does not have the right to prohibit their use, including due to the sanctions policy.
• There is no domestic toolkit for the development of application programs for the Neutrino-E OS. Development (with the exception of the compiler supplied by JSC MCST"") and debugging ON should be carried out using the QNX Momentum complex. This toolkit is the exclusive property of the Canadian company QSS and is supplied in closed form (without source codes).
• Applications of SVD Embedded Systems LLC for the inclusion of Neutrino OSRV in the register of domestic software were twice rejected (orders of the Ministry of Digital Development, Communications and Mass Media No. 664 of 30.11.2018 and No. 167 of 14.04.2019).

• OSRV BagrOS-4000
• OSRV MAKS - AstroSoft
• ICST: Elbrus, real-time operating system (OSRV Elbrus) - ICST
• SVD ZOSRV Neutrino - SWD Software
• Milander PAC (MAKS OSRV)
• OS RV Baget - Federal Scientific Center Research Institute of System Research of the Russian Academy of Sciences (FNC NIISI RAS)

Comparison of main SRRVs

• The issue of import substitution of a key component of embedded software cannot be considered resolved.
• Most industrial enterprises do not have the ability to develop SRMS, or such a development is not for them
• expedient.
• It is necessary to form a line of secure operating systems that are available for use by "third-party" developers and comply with current regulatory restrictions and current time challenges:
  • Ultralight RTR for microcontrollers and radiation-resistant CPUs (FreeRTOS class, Miniature OCD)
  • Lightweight ECR without memory protection (Baget 2.0 class)
  • Full-featured resource-sharing RTDR (Baget 3.0/4.0 class, BagrOS-4000)

Import substitution

• Import substitution in Russia
• Import substitution of information technologies in Russia
• Import substitution of computer equipment and microelectronics
• Import substitution in the field of information security
• Import substitution of information technologies: 5 "For" and 5 "Against"
• Import substitution in state-owned companies
• Import substitution of information technologies: in anticipation of thunder
• Import substitution of information technology in China

Notes

• Data from the presentation "Problematic Issues of Import Substitution of Embedded Real-Time Operating Systems" of PJSC "Company," Sukhoy March 2020 CNews