Main article: Smart city: development in Russia
2024
The Ministry of Construction named the Russian leading cities for digitalization
On June 14, 2024, the Ministry of Construction of the Russian Federation published the IQ Cities index, formed to determine the effectiveness of digitalization, technological solutions and services that are being introduced in Russian settlements. At the end of 2023, Moscow, Tyumen, Yuzhno-Sakhalinsk and Chernushinsky urban district became the leaders in digitalization in Russia.
The IQ Cities Index is evaluated within the framework of the Smart City project in four categories - the largest, large and large cities, as well as administrative centers. When calculating the indicator, the operation of intelligent heat, water and gas supply systems, air quality control sensors, etc. is taken into account. These solutions are aimed at creating an effective urban infrastructure management system, as well as comfortable and safe living conditions for Russians.
In 2023, the index is calculated for 235 cities. Its average reached 61 points out of 120 possible, which is 11% higher than the previous year. At the same time, compared to the base year 2018, the level of digitalization of Russian cities increased by 55%.
According to the results of 2023, the leaders in the category "Largest Cities" were, Samara,, Krasnoyarsk,, Chelyabinsk,, and Novosibirsk Nizhny Novgorod, Perm Yekaterinburg Kazan while St. Petersburg Moscow continues to hold the first place. Among the "Large Cities," Kostroma, Khimki Omak, Surgut,,,, Sochi Kaluga Sevastopol Grozny, Vladivostok showed high results, and Tyumen became the leader. Almetyevsk, Elektrostal, Perm Municipal District, Nizhnekamsk, Blagoveshchensk, Artemovsky City District, Reutov and Veliky Novgorod Neftekamsk won in the Big Cities category, while the palm went to Yuzhnosakhalinsk. Among the "Administrative Centers" are Gatchina, Solikamsk, Lysva, Tchaikovsky, Kungursky urban district, Krasnokamsky urban district, Ivanteevka, Dubna and Koltsovo, and the Chernushinsky urban district was named the winner.[1] summed up]
The Ministry of Construction of Russia approved the rules for calculating the digitalization index of urban economy
In June 2024, it became known that the Ministry of Construction of Russia approved a provision providing for the calculation of the digitalization index of urban economy "IQ cities." A total of 47 indicators are taken into account, which cover a number of key areas of development of smart cities.
The IQ Cities Index was created to determine the effectiveness of digitalization, technological solutions and services that are being implemented in Russian settlements. This value helps to determine the best regional practices for the implementation of projects, including for possible adaptation to other cities of the country.
In accordance with the requirements of the Ministry of Construction, in the field of municipal management, it is necessary to introduce a feedback platform based on the federal state information system "Unified Portal of State and Municipal Services (Functions)." In addition, cities annually need to present at least five innovative digital and engineering solutions to improve the efficiency of the economy. And vehicles carrying dangerous goods must be equipped with satellite navigation equipment.
Ordinary citizens are also required to participate in reforms. In particular, the share of decisions on city management adopted at general meetings of owners of premises in apartment buildings should be at least 40%. And the share of doctor's appointments made by residents remotely should be at least 63%. The index requires the presence of a regional standard for living quarters and comfort of living.
The indicator also takes into account the transformation of payment for utilities and services for managing an apartment building and maintaining common property: at least 37% of transactions should be made online. In addition, at least 63.5% of management organizations must disclose information about the housing and communal services system in full. For resource-supplying organizations, this figure is indicated at around 100%.[2]
2022: Ministry of Construction of the Russian Federation named the leading cities for the digitalization of urban economy
At the end of July 2023, the Ministry of Construction of the Russian Federation named the leading cities for the digitalization of urban economy. We are talking about the so-called index "IQ cities."
According to the Government of the Russian Federation, the average value of the index in 2022 reached 55 points out of 120, which is 4.5% higher than a year earlier. In the category "Large Cities" the best became, Sochi, Tyumen Smolensk. Among the "largest cities" distinguished themselves,,, Moscow St. Petersburg Kazan among the "big cities" - Reutov, Domodedovo, Ussuriysk. And in the category "Administrative Centers" - Yalta, Gorno-Altaysk, Elabuga.
It is noted that the digitalization index is calculated for 200 cities participating in the project of the Ministry of Construction of the Russian Federation "Smart City." It aims to increase the competitiveness of cities, form an effective management system and create a safe living environment. The main tool for the implementation of goals is called the introduction of advanced and engineering solutions in urban and communal infrastructure.
 | Digitalization is one of the key factors in the development of modern cities. The results of the calculation of the index allow us to assess how effectively Russian cities are carrying out digital transformation, as well as see promising directions for their further development. Thanks to the Smart City project, support is being provided for digital practices and technological solutions that are relevant for the regions, the main goal of which is to create an effective urban infrastructure, comfortable and safe living conditions for citizens, "said Irek Fayzullin, Minister of Construction and Housing and Public Utilities. |  |
The index "IQ cities" was developed by the Ministry of Construction and Housing and Communal Services of the Russian Federation in 2019 together with Moscow State University named after M.V. Lomonosov as part of the departmental project "Smart City."
2020: Ministry of Construction published a rating of smart cities in Russia
On October 26, 2021, the Ministry of Construction, Housing and Communal Services of the Russian Federation presented an updated rating of smart Russian cities. The agency calculated the so-called digitalization index of urban economy "IQ cities" - at the end of 2020, it averaged 44 points in the country, which is 8.44% higher than the result of a year ago.
Deputy Prime Minister Marat Khusnullin stressed that the average value of the IQ index has been growing at a high pace for the second year in a row, and this confirms that Russian cities pay great attention to digitalization processes.
| | Of course, this could not but be influenced by the pandemic, which became a catalyst for the introduction of digital solutions. Coronavirus restrictions have prompted the development of those areas of urban economy that were previously not sufficiently represented online - this is the urban environment, urban transport, travel services, - he said. | |
Among cities with a population of one million, the top three among smart cities Russia are, and Moscow. Voronezh In Kazan the category of cities with a population of 250 thousand to 1 million people, Belgorod is in the lead, and. Khimki Tyumen Among the cities in which from 100 to 250 thousand people live, three settlements of the Moscow region won - Shchelkovo, Domodedovo and Reutov. And in cities with a population of less than 100 thousand people, things are best in Dubna, Ivanteevka and Koltsov.
As noted in the Ministry of Construction, in 2020, Russian cities paid attention to the least digitalized areas of urban economy. Thus, the most noticeable growth in relation to 2019 was recorded in those subindexes where the average score is less than half of the possible value of 12 points.
Thus, the subindex "smart urban transport" with an average score of 3.49 showed an increase of 25% by 2019. "Urban management" (average score 2.52) increased by 40%, "tourism and service" (average score 1.54) - by 52%, "innovation for the urban environment" (1.88 points) - by 60%.[3]
2019: Ministry of Construction orders methodology to calculate "IQ of cities" index
On August 20, 2019, it became known that by the end of 2019, the digitalization index of urban economy, characterizing the "IQ of cities," will be calculated for the first time in Russia. This was reported on its website by the Ministry of Construction, which announced a competition for the development of a methodology by which the index will be calculated. It is planned to determine the IQ of cities every year, starting in 2019.
As reported, the calculation of the index will take into account the level of digitalization of urban economy and the application of Smart City solutions. This will make it possible not only to determine the current level of technological development of cities, but also to identify promising areas of development, as well as to understand how much money should be used to digitalize the urban environment.
information According to the public procurement website, the competition for the right to carry out research work on the topic "Development of a methodology for assessing the progress and effectiveness of digital transformation of urban economy in (of the Russian Federation IQ cities)" was announced by the project directorate of the Ministry of Construction on August 15, 2019. Applications are accepted until September 2, 2019. The initial maximum contract price is about 27.1 million rubles.
The assessment of the digital transformation of the urban economy will take into account several factors and parameters, including the interaction of citizens with the city. The methodology should be developed in accordance with international ideas about what should be a "smart city."
| | Indices of various cities will be compared taking into account the fact that initially these cities were at a different level of digitalization. Therefore, not only the value will be important, but also the dynamics of the indicator, which will make it possible to understand how successfully the team works in a particular city and how effective solutions are being implemented there. Once the IQ of cities is developed and tested, it can be included in the Urban Environment Quality Index. | |
The urban environment quality index, which consists of 36 parameters as of August 2019, was approved in 2019. Among the parameters are landscaping and landscaping, comfortable residential development, safety, digitalization, improving the environmental situation and creating infrastructure for citizens with disabilities.
The quality index of the urban environment is one of the target indicators of the national project "Housing and Urban Environment." The national project is aimed at improving the comfort of the urban environment, which should be expressed in the growth of the index by 30%. Within the framework of the project, the number of cities with an unfavorable environment should be halved, and already in 2024, the environment in 60% of cities should be characterized as favorable.[4]
2018: Ministry of Construction presented a rating of smart cities in Russia
On March 3, 2020, the Ministry of Construction first presented the index of digitalization of urban economy "IQ cities." The ministry also presented a digitalization rating of Russian cities based on this index. The rating reflects the situation in the cities of the country as of 2018. A total of 191 cities took part in it.
Among the largest cities, with a population of 1 million or more, the first places in the ranking were taken by Moscow, Kazan and St. Petersburg.
Of the large cities, with a population of 250 thousand to 1 million people, the first three places were taken by Khimki, Balashikha and Tyumen.
In the category of large cities, with a population of 100 to 250 thousand people, the first three places were behind, and Reutov Serpukhov. Elektrostal
The most developed from the point of view of digitalization administrative centers - settlements with a population of less than 100 thousand people - showed themselves, and Dubna Ivanteyevka. Naro-Fominsk
The index of digitalization of urban economy developed by the Ministry of Construction together with Moscow State University M.V. Lomonosov contains 47 indicators. download the list of indicators They cover ten areas:
- city administration;
- smart housing and communal services;
- innovation for the urban environment;
- smart urban transport;
- intelligent public and environmental safety systems;
- tourism and service;
- intelligent systems of social services;
- economic condition and investment climate;
- communication network infrastructure.
The digitalization index of urban economy was developed as part of the departmental project "Smart City," implemented within the framework of two national projects - "Housing and Urban Environment" and "Digital Economy." The purpose of the index, as stated in the Ministry of Construction, is to determine:
- basic level of digitalization of urban economy;
- efficiency of solutions that are implemented by cities and regions according to the passport of the Smart City project;
- the existing level of technological development of cities;
- promising directions of their further development.
| | This is a tool for assessing the effectiveness of management decisions of city and regional teams achieved through the use of digital solutions. The key indicator of efficiency will not be the value of the index itself, but the dynamics of changes from year to year, - said Deputy Minister of Construction and Housing and Communal Services Maxim Egorov. | |
The index and rating of digitalization of cities will be calculated on an annual basis and provided to the regions. In addition, they will be given recommendations on the development of digitalization. Also, on the basis of Moscow State University, appropriate educational events will be organized for the regions.
The development of the methodology and the calculation of the index were carried out from September to December 2019, Maxim Egorov told TAdviser.
| | After testing and revision, the "IQ cities" index will be synchronized with the quality index of the urban environment. Intermediate approaches to determining the methodology for calculating "IQ cities" were discussed with the expert community, representatives of the regions and municipalities participating in the project, - Maxim Egorov told TAdviser. | |
However, the methodology for calculating the digitalization index of urban economy will still be finalized. So, in 2020, as noted by the Vice-Rector of Moscow State University. M.V. Lomonosov Oleg Karasev, it will include a requirement to collect additional information for calculating the index, as well as some new indicators related to the development of new technologies in cities, for example 5G.
Moscow State University named after M.V. Lomonosov carried out the development of an index of digitalization of urban economy and a rating of digitalization of Russian cities, having won the competition of the Ministry of Construction, held in August-September 2019. A contract was signed with the university for the performance of these works in the amount of 16 million rubles at the initial tender price of 27.1 million rubles.
In addition to Moscow State University, 7 more organizations took part in the competition: National Research University "Higher School of Economics," "Ernst and Young - Assessment and Consulting Services," Central Research Institute of Economics, Management and Information Systems "Electronics," Tyumen Industrial University, "National Research Institute of Technologies and Communications, Center for Scientific Research and Advanced Development
2017: NIITS identifies the smartest cities in Russia: study
Moscow and St. Petersburg are recognized as the most "smart" of all Russian large cities. A corresponding study of 15 "millionaires" and the capital of the 2014 Olympics Sochi was conducted and presented at the end of 2017 by the National Research Institute of Technology and Communications (NIITS).
Both capitals received the status of "leaders" as part of the study. Next are those Kazan Yekaterinburg rated as "effectively developing." Closed the rating and, Samara Volgograd referred to as "beginners." The rest received the status of "developing."
Cities were evaluated according to several groups of criteria. In particular - the number of Wi-Fi points relative to the area of the city, the number of ATMs, the number of car sharing cars, the level of development of Internet booking, etc. In fairness, it should be noted that the assessment method raised questions from a number of experts.
In particular, Rostelecom, in a commentary to the publication, called the NIITS indicators "incorrect."
| | "For example, there are no indicators related to industry, production, the development of scientific and technical clusters and technology parks. At the same time, the level of development of Internet booking is indicated as an indicator. It is associated with the availability of the Internet, but is determined by many other factors - the level of social development of the region, its location, tourist attractiveness, "the representative of the operator explained. | |
2016: Rostelecom and IRI plan to create a rating of smart cities in Russia. The project was later phased out
The Institute for Internet Development (IRI), PJSC Rostelecom and the National Association of Industrial Internet presented in December 2016 the methodology and assessment criteria that will form the basis for the formation of the future "Rating of smart cities in Russia."
The main goal of the rating is to identify the most successful practices of using smart systems and services to improve the efficiency of urban management in Russia and stimulate the massive transition to them in other cities.
The list of indicators for participation in the ranking will be sent to cities selected by IRI experts. The data will be collected by the end of February. In April, the preliminary results of the rating will be discussed in a working group of experts. The final rating will be presented in 2017.
The study of "smart cities" will be based on two aspects: on a field survey (among representatives of municipalities, federal departments, etc.) and on an expert assessment of decisions and approaches used in specific cities.
In the first ranking of smart cities, it is planned to study the experience in terms of implementing Smart City projects in the 18 largest cities in Russia:, Moscow,, St. Petersburg,, Novosibirsk,, Yekaterinburg,, Nizhny Novgorod,, Kazan,, Chelyabinsk, and Omsk Samara. Rostov-on-Don Ufa Krasnoyarsk Perm Voronezh Volgograd The results of the Krasnodar Saratov Tyumen survey are planned to be presented by the fall of 2017. In the future, it is proposed to consider the possibility of including each subject in the city rating. of the Russian Federation
The basis for the study was five key areas: transport, power, housing and communal services, industry and e-government. For each of them, indicators reflecting manufacturability and intellectuality were selected.
According to IRI experts, the formed rating will identify leaders in the use of technical and innovative potential in urban management; the rating itself is planned to be presented based on the results of the work carried out with the regions in the fall of 2017.
The Ministry of Energy, together with the IRI, has developed indicators of the penetration of intelligent systems and technologies in the industry[5]. Among them are the main ones:
- readiness of the city for the introduction of innovative technologies, the possibility of remote collection of technological information, the availability of an online monitoring and diagnostics system for electric power facilities and metering devices;
- share of electronic formation of analytical reporting;
- availability of systems for automatic collection of information from metering devices;
- implementing effective technologies using remote access.
"Transport"
criteria reflect the level of penetration of technology into the life of the city. According to Mikhail Blinkin, director of the Institute for Transport Economics and Transport Policy at the Higher School of Economics, the "smart shell" of the Moscow transport system is at a high world level. However, there are generally accepted criteria for the convenience of the consumer (passenger) of public transport: "Having come to any stop, I must see when the next bus, tram comes," explains Mikhail Blinkin. The next criterion is the ability to call a taxi with a pre-known fare, and the last is traffic control.
But in reality, the fulfillment of the last criterion is often limited to an objective historical framework. For example, in Moscow, a car accounts for 28 meters of roads. For comparison - in Boston and Philadelphia - 200 meters. And even the expansion of the roadway due to green areas will never provide a sharp increase in the indicator in the capital. "We can only reasonably manage traffic and public transport, parking space and pursue a tough pricing policy," Mikhail Blinkin explained. These criteria, as well as the presence of online services, the expert proposes to take into account in the rating on the transport component.
Safety
The priority area in the field of security in the city is public transport safety. Therefore, the criterion is the presence of a situation center for intelligent integrated public transport management. "In Moscow, the system is already working, entered the top 10 similar systems in the world in the PwC rating, and we are ready to share our experience," said Vadim Yuryev, General Director of the Center for Traffic Management of the Moscow Government. He also believes that criteria are needed:
- coverage of stops and public transport itself with Wi-Fi access,
- all vehicles, including taxis, must be covered by the GLONASS navigation system,
- a system for calculating traffic flows,
- availability of car-sharing services,
- availability of a smart transport system.
Broadband and Democracy
Since all services are based on ICT and Internet access, Dmitry Nikitin, Deputy Director of the High Technology Development Department of the Ministry of Telecom and Mass Communications of Russia, proposed taking into account the penetration, speed and cost of the Internet among the main criteria. He also called important parameters:
- availability and availability of electronic services of public services,
- access to open data,
- availability and availability of e-democracy services.
Industry
According to Boris Glazkov, director of the Rostelecom Center for Strategic Innovations, it is impossible not to take into account the historical influence of industry on the life of cities. "Industrial enterprises were the centers around which cities grew, have a common communal infrastructure with cities. Therefore, until now, industry determines not only the economy, but also the social component of the surrounding city. Including correlates with the infrastructure of smart cities, "he explained. Boris Glazkov voiced the criteria:
- the degree of participation of the enterprise in the infrastructure of the city,
- availability of systems for collecting information on the state of process equipment, including for controlling this equipment,
- production automation (industrial intelligent control networks).
In July 2018, ANO Institute for Internet Development (IRI) announced the suspension of work on the Rating of smart cities in Russia.
Notes
- ↑ [https://minstroyrf.gov.ru/press/podvedeny-itogi-raschyeta-indeksa-iq-gorodov-po-itogam-2023-goda/ The results of the calculation of the index "IQ cities" at the end of 2023 have been
- ↑ Urban digitalization index: requirements
- ↑ Results of assessing the progress and effectiveness of the digital transformation of the urban economy of the Russian Federation at the end of 2020
- ↑ The authorities will begin to measure the IQ of Russian cities
- ↑ The government rating of "pre-smart" cities in Russia will be released in 2017
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