Main article: Culture of Russia
Victor Pelevin
Sergey Dovlatov
Main article: Sergey Donatovich Dovlatov
Joseph Brodsky
Main article: Brodsky Joseph Alexandrovich
Evgeny Yevtushenko
Victor Astafiev
Viktor Astafiev (1924-2001) is a prominent Russian writer, one of the most prominent representatives of Siberian prose. One of the leaders of the direction formed in the second half of the twentieth century, called "village prose."
Viktor Astafiev was born on May 1, 1924 in the village of Ovsyanka, Krasnoyarsk Territory. His childhood cannot be called happy. The father was convicted "for sabotage," the mother died during an accident. The boy was brought up in an orphanage. After graduating from FZO school, he worked on the railway.
In 1942, Viktor Astafiev volunteered for the front. He went through the whole war, was seriously wounded. He was awarded the Order of the Red Star and medals "For Courage," "For the Liberation of Warsaw" and "For Victory over Germany." After the war he returned to the Urals.
Astafiev is almost the only soldier (not even a lieutenant) who has risen to the very top of the literary Olympus. But he was silent about the war for a long time. Then the story "Shepherd and Shepherd" appeared - not about war even, but about love in war, with such a mysterious metaphysics that the writer himself (his own statement) did not fully understand it.
And only the last major work - the novel "Damned and Killed" - was planned about the war.
It has inhuman scary pages. And maybe this was the reason why Astafiev did not reach the final, and the unfinished book crumbled into several stories from the post-war period.
Among them is the story "The Merry Soldier." A masterpiece equal to the best examples of Astafiev prose.
Viktor Petrovich Astafiev - hero of Socialist Labor, laureate of two State Prizes of the Russian Federation, two state prizes of the RSFSR named after M. Gorky, holder of the Order of Lenin. Member of the Union of Writers of the USSR. From 1989 to 1991 - People's Deputy of the USSR.
Vladimir Nabokov
Daniil Harms
Ha poet Daniil Kharms reported citizen Antonina Orangireeva.
In 1942, he was placed in the Kresty psychiatric hospital. A certificate was found in the KGB archives that Harms did not starve to death - he was shot.
Alexander Vvedensky
The poet Alexander Vvedensky was arrested for the first time in 1931, the second in 1941, he was transferred in the echelon to Kazan and died on the way from pleurisy. His body was taken to the morgue of the Kazan Psychiatric Hospital. Where he is buried is unknown...
Osip Mandelstam
The place of death of Osip Mandelstam is the camp point Second River. The so-called "winter corpses" were stacked, and in the spring they were buried in mass graves. In one of these nameless graves, the great Russian poet also rests.
Babel
Babel was not shot, as is commonly believed, in the fortieth year. He walked through the stage and, exhausted, fell. And he was just left to die on the road. It is written that he was buried in a common grave - but hardly anyone returned for him, dead, to bring his body to the common grave. The great writer died in a snowdrift, in the forest - in 1940
Bulgakov
Mikhail Bulgakov wrote the satirical novel "Heart of a Dog" in 1925. In Russia, it was published only in 1987.
Vyacheslav Ivanov
Main article: Ivanov Vyacheslav Ivanovich
Alexander Green
Vladimir Mayakovsky
Main article: Vladimir Mayakovsky
Anna Akhmatova
Korney Chukovsky about the act of Anna Akhmatova, who shocked him to the core:
Once in 1920, at the time of the fierce Petrograd famine, she got a large and beautiful tin full of super-nutritious, super-vitamin "flour" made in England by the Nestle firm. One teaspoon of this concentrate, diluted in boiled water, seemed to our hungry stomachs an unattainably satisfying dinner. And the whole tin seemed more expensive than diamonds. We all gathered that day y Anna Andreevna, from the heart envied the owner of such wealth.
Guests began to go home. I hesitated and a few later others went out onto the dark staircase. She ran after me to the site and said in the most ordinary voice, as they say "goodbye": "This is for your... for a daughter... For Murochka...
And in the hands of y I found the precious "Nestle." I repeated in vain: "What are you! This is impossible in any way!.. Yes, I am for nothing... never... " The door shut in front of me and, no matter how much I called, did not open.
Nikolay Gumilyov
Extract from the minutes of the meeting of the Petrograd GUBCHK of August 24, 1921:
"Gumilyov Nikolai Stepanovich, 35 l., b. nobleman, philologist, member of the college" From World Literature, "married, non-partisan, b. officer. Member Peter. fights. Counter-Revol. organizations. He actively contributed to the preparation of proclamations of counter-revolutionary content, promised to connect a group of intellectuals, personnel officers who would actively take part in the uprising with the organization at the time of the uprising, and received money from the organization for technical needs. Sentence to capital punishment - execution. "
From prison, he wrote to his wife: "Don't worry about me. I'm healthy, writing poetry and playing chess. " He was calm when arrested and interrogated.
Before the execution, Gumilyov wrote simple and wise words on the wall of the cell: "Lord, forgive my sins, I am going on my last journey."
Four years before that, he wrote in one of the poems:
And you will never know you, So that the alarm does not muddy the eye, What a damned swamp My road will end.
The 35-year-old poet was shot at one of the stations of the Irinovskaya railway as one of 61 participants in the White Guard conspiracy. The exact date and place of Gumilyov's execution are unknown.
The story of the Chekist Bobrov about the details of the execution has been preserved: "This is your Gumilyov... it's ridiculous for us Bolsheviks, but, you know, he died gorgeous. Smiled, docked a cigarette... Fanforonism, of course. But even the guys from the special department were impressed. Empty youth, but still a strong type. Few die like that... "
Sergey Yesenin
Main article: Sergey Yesenin
Marina Tsvetaeva
Korney Chukovsky
Main article: Chukovsky Korney Ivanovich
Alexander Kuprin
Maxim Gorky
Anton Chekhov
Main article: Anton Pavlovich Chekhov
Leo Tolstoy
Main article: Tolstoy Lev Nikolaevich
Nikolay Nekrasov
Alexander Ostrovsky
The origins of Ostrovsky's love for the Volga are in those impressions that gave him a visit in 1848 with the family of the Shchelykovo estate, bought by his father in Kineshma district, and participation in 1856 in an expedition along the Volga organized by the Maritime Department for "young, gifted writers."
"The result of participation in this expedition was a diary kept by Alexander Nikolaevich. It was published in the "Maritime Collection" under the title "Journey along the Volga from the origins to Nizhny Novgorod." In the funds of the Bakhrushinsky Museum, we carefully preserve this rarity, like another author's manuscript - "The Experience of the Volga Dictionary," compiled by the playwright based on the results of a trip along the Volga, "said Svetlana Semikolenova, head of the House Museum A.N. Ostrovsky in Moscow.
The image of the great Russian river, so striking Ostrovsky, will continuously move from one of his works to another. Experts include the plays "Thunderstorm," "Kozma Zakharyich Minin, Sukhoruk," "Voivode (Dream on the Volga)," "Hot Heart," "Dowry," "Talents and Fans," "Guilty without guilt."
Fedor Ivanovich Tyutchev
On December 5 (November 23), 1803, Fyodor Ivanovich Tyutchev, translator, poet and publicist, diplomat, privy councilor (since 1865), was born in the Ovstug estate of the Bryansk district of the Oryol province
After graduating from Moscow University at the end of 1821, Tyutchev, on the recommendation of his relative Count A.I. Osterman-Tolstoy, was sent to a diplomatic mission in Munich. In Germany, he spent more than 20 years and, in addition to his main work, translated the works of German philosophers and writers, wrote poetry. But Tyutchev's poetry did not receive much fame, in Russia they almost did not know him until several manuscripts with works fell to Peter Vyazemsky and Vasily Zhukovsky. The latter showed the work of Tyutchev to A.S. Pushkin.
Publicist Yuri Samarin recalled: "Eyewitnesses told me how delighted Pushkin came when he first saw the collection of his [Tyutchev's] handwritten poems... He would rush around with them for a whole week.'
Pushkin published the works of Fyodor Ivanovich in the journal Sovremennik under the heading "Poems sent from Germany."
Throughout his life, Tyutchev wrote poetry, developing a unique style of philosophical lyrics. In total, about 350 of his poems are known. Here's one of them:
"Don't
(1850)
Guber Eduard Ivanovich
Main article: Guber Eduard Ivanovich
Nikolay Gogol
Main article: Gogol Nikolay Vasilievich
Alexander Pushkin
Main article: Pushkin Alexander Sergeevich
Anton Delvig
Main article: Delvig Anton Antonovich
18th century
Dictionary of Russian writers of the 18th century. Pushkin House
Ivan Krylov
Main article: Ivan Andreevich Krylov
Ivan Yukin
Main article: Yunkin Ivan
Alexander Radishchev
Alexander Nikolaevich Radishchev was arrested for the book "Journey from St. Petersburg to Moscow," in which autocracy and serfdom were sharply criticized. For this publication, published in Radishchev's home printing house in 1790, the writer was sentenced to death. Empress Catherine II subsequently pardoned the writer, and the execution was replaced with a 10-year exile in Siberia.
Alexander Sumarokov
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