Barcode

Barcodes in health care

Main article: Barcodes in health care

Barcodes help to optimize processes in hospitals and the pharmaceutical companies.

2000e years

• 2007: the first photoscanner of a near/distant range
• 2013: the first mobile device integrating a sensing technology of a voice and scanning without use of hands

1990e years

• 1995: the first two-dimensional photoscanner and development of the barcode of Aztec
• 1996: the first multiplane hand laser scanner

1980e years

• 1982: the first hand laser scanner with the built-in decoder

For many years shaped codes advanced as machine-readable registration signs. Each sign contained the unique serial number coded using black and white strokes which was a key to the database containing detailed information. Such approach was offered by experts. However many consumers wanted that the bigger amount of information was coded. They wanted that shaped codes were some kind of portable database, but not just a key to it.

The tendency to creation of portable databases for the first time appeared in 1984 when Automotive Industry Action Group (AIAG) published the standard of the application concerning identification marks for auto parts when transporting which consisted of four "put" (stack) barcodes of Code 39. These put shaped codes contained number of the spare part, quantity, a name of the supplier and serial number^[1].

The first two-dimensional stroke the code was provided in 1988 to Intermec Corp

The first really two-dimensional stroke the code was provided in 1988 to Intermec Corporation when in the company announced introduction of Code 49. After introduction of Code 49 six other codes meeting the need to contain the portable database in the smallest space were developed or upgraded. Now for the description of this new character class for an information access several terms are used. The two-dimensional code, or 2D - the code is the general for all this class.

The terms "the put symbolics" or "multirow code" are applied to the symbolics consisting of the sequences of one-dimensional codes. Data are coded using the sequences of strokes and intervals between them of different width.

The term "matrix code" is applied to the two-dimensional codes coding information using arrangement of dark sections in a matrix. Each dark element has the same size, and information is coded by arrangement of an element.

Normal shaped the code is "vertically excessive" that means that the same information repeats in vertical measurement. An upper part of strokes can be cut off without any loss of information. However the vertical redundancy allows to read out characters with polygraphic defects, for example, spots or spaces. Than strokes, that high probability are higher that at least one band of the shaped code can be considered.

The two-dimensional code stores information on all height and length of the character. In fact, all alphabets created by people represent the two-dimensional code. As both measurements contain information, at least, a part of vertical redundancy becomes unnecessary. In this case it is necessary to use other methods for prevention of the wrong reading and also for providing acceptable coefficient of successful reading. Prevention of the wrong reading – rather simple task. The majority of two-dimensional codes contain control words for ensuring exact reading. Providing acceptable coefficient of reading is other task, and researches on assessment it for the present were not conducted.

In the beginning two-dimensional symbolics were developed for application only when the identification character needed to be placed on small space. For the first time these characters were applied in the medical industry on the packagings containing medicines in doses on one acceptance. These packagings differed in the small sizes, and there was no place for placement of the shaped code at all. Representatives of electronic industry also from the very beginning showed interest in high density two-dimensional simvolika as in electronic circuits there is not enough empty seat.

1970e years

Since obtaining the patent before implementation of technology passed the whole 22 years. Only in 1974 the system of barcodes began to be used actively, in many respects thanks to emergence of the technology which was capable to read out a stroke codes. It is about lasers.

The very first stroke the code consisted of only four lines. And yes, there were barcodes of the strangest forms and outlines. At one time there were even round a stroke codes. And the first read the laser the barcode stood on packaging of the chewing gum sold in one of Ohio supermarkets in that 1974.

For the time being the universal system of barcodes did not get approval in other countries as different producers preferred different systems of accounting of products and identification of the goods.

On June 26, 1974 in Marsh supermarket in Troy (piece of Ohio) packaging from 10 packs of the Wrigley chewing gum was purchased, at the same time the universal product code (UPC) which is used more than 5 billion times a day today for the first time was scanned. Throughout all history of the barcode — from the invention of Code 39, the most widely used barcode, before introduction of the two-dimensional barcode of Aztec which is used on aviation and train tickets — Honeywell cooperates with the clients worldwide, developing new technologies of scanning which help to transform the main business processes.

• 1971: the first printer of barcodes

• 1972: the first contact device of reading of barcodes is patented
• 1974: the barcode of Code 39 which is still widely used in the world is invented

1952: Obtaining patent for a barcode

The patent for a barcode was oformen in 1952.

You See Also

• National standard of barcoding of payment details
• QR code

Notes