Crime in Russia

Terrorism in Russia

Main article: Terrorism in Russia

Cyber crime

Main article: Cybercrime and cyber conflicts: Russia

• The number of cybercrimes in Russia
• Cryptocurrency fraud
• Email fraud (business email compromise, BEC, invoice fraud)
• Dating site scams (Fake Date)

Fraud

• Credit fraud
• Telephone fraud
• Lottery fraud
• Bank card and payment fraud
• Fraud in advertising
• Investment fraud
• Social benefits fraud
• Health insurance fraud

Sexual assault

Main article: Sexual violence

Crime in Moscow

Main article: Crime in Moscow

Prisons in Russia

Main article: Prisons and colonies in Russia

Chronicle

2024

In Russia, a scheme for tax evasion through Telegram bots has been identified. Damage to the budget estimated at 9 billion rubles

In Russia, a scheme for tax evasion through Telegram has been identified. It became known at the end of January 2024. Read more here.

2023

In Russia, there are noticeably more spies, saboteurs and convicted of treason

In April 2024, the judicial department at the Supreme Court of the Russian Federation published statistics for the previous year. From these materials it follows that in the country there have become significantly more spies, saboteurs and convicted of treason, but the number of extremists has decreased.

As Kommersant writes with reference to the report of the judicial department at the Supreme Court of the Russian Federation, in 2023, 50 people were convicted in Russia under the article on discrediting the army (Article 280.3 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation), which is more than 10 times higher than the previous year. Of these, nine people were sentenced to imprisonment for up to two years, the rest escaped with a fine.

There are significantly more spies, saboteurs and convicted of treason in the country

Almost fivefold in 2023, the number of people convicted of inaccurate information about the Russian Armed Forces increased - 65 accused appeared before the court. 30 of them were sentenced to imprisonment, and two - to terms ranging from eight to ten years.

In the case of justifying terrorism in 2023, 345 people were convicted in Russia, 281 people were convicted of public calls for a violent change in the constitutional order. 101 people were sentenced for organizing a banned extremist organization, 181 for participating in the activities of liquidated organizations, and 4 for participating in the activities of an undesirable organization.

The number of sentences for treason at the end of 2023 increased two and a half times - to 39, for espionage - from one to 9 people. Two sentences were also passed for cooperation with foreign special services. 12 people were convicted of sabotage.

Professor of Moscow State University Leonid Golovko, in a conversation with the newspaper, called such an increase in statistics "absolutely natural in wartime conditions." It is clear that the intensification of processes occurs not only at the front, he says, recruitment, data collection and even information attacks - all this is naturally activated, as well as the fight against such phenomena.^[1]

Increase in the number of cases of forced labor sentenced to 5 times

Judges in Russia have become five times more likely to impose forced labor on convicts as punishment. This was announced on April 2, 2024 by Interfax with reference to the acting Chairman of the Supreme Court of the FPM Serkov.

The number of convicts increased 5 times, who were assigned forced labor as an alternative to imprisonment, from 3600 to 17300 people, Serkov said.

Judges in Russia have become five times more likely to appoint forced labor as punishment for convicts

In addition, acting Chairman noted a decrease in the number of satisfied applications for the election of a preventive measure in the form of detention by 6%. Also, judges became 11% less likely to extend the terms of arrests by the accused.

In total, 39 million cases were considered by courts in Russia in 2023. This is 2 million less than in 2022. According to Serkov, this is due to a decrease in the number of administrative cases by more than 2 times, as well as a decrease in the number of cases of administrative violations from 7.3 million to 6.1 million cases.

When working out forced labor, the convict lives in a correctional center under the supervision of the authorities. He can get to work by public transport, have a phone and pocket money. Of the requirements - compliance with the regime and a ban on alcohol.

Recently, the law allows the employment of convicts to forced labor not only for enterprises, but also for individual entrepreneurs. According to the FSIN, the average earnings of a convict to forced labor is 24 thousand rubles.

Over the past three years, thanks to the joint work of the Ministry of Justice of Russia, the Federal Penitentiary Service of Russia, the constituent entities of the Russian Federation and business communities, the Institute of Forced Labor has begun to fully function. To date, more than 50 thousand places have been created - said the head of the Ministry of Justice of the Russian Federation Konstantin Chuichenko (quoted by Rossiyskaya Gazeta).[2]

1% reduction in crime

The number of crimes registered in Russia in 2023 decreased by 1% compared to 2022. This is evidenced by the data of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of the Russian Federation, published in February 2024.

The department notes that in 2023 the trend of past years in terms of reducing crime remained. In 2023, the number of crimes against the person decreased by 5.3%, including murders and attempted murders - by 2.1%, the facts of intentional infliction of grievous bodily harm - by 4%.

The number of crimes registered in Russia in 2023 decreased by 1%

There is a decrease in the number of registered robberies by 15.4%, robberies - by 23.9%, thefts - by 16.4%, including apartment robberies - by 24.6%, vehicle thefts - by 23.6% and their thefts - by 8.6%.92.8% of all registered crimes are detected by the internal affairs bodies, and 6.1% of them are at the stage of preparation and attempt.

In January-December 2023, more than 997 thousand crimes were solved by law enforcement agencies in Russia. 79.5% of them were investigated by employees of the internal affairs bodies.

According to the Ministry of Internal Affairs, the detection rate of crimes such as murder, intentional infliction of grievous bodily harm, rape and robbery remains at a high level and exceeds 96%.

In public places in 2023, 17.5% of crimes were registered less than a year earlier, including on the streets, squares, parks and squares - by 22%. The number of street robberies decreased by 12.2%, robberies - by 24.5%, thefts - by 22.9%. In cooperation with interested departments and organizations, security at transport infrastructure facilities has been strengthened. Compared to January-December 2022, the number of crimes registered by the internal affairs bodies in transport decreased by 8.6%. For 12 months of 2023, foreign citizens and stateless persons committed 3% less crimes than in 2022.^[3]

2022

The number of crimes in the field of public procurement in Russia has doubled

In 2022, more than 1,100 criminal offenses in the field of public procurement were committed in Russia, which is about twice as much as a year earlier. Such data on October 23, 2023 was presented by Dmitry Matveev, Deputy Head of the Office for Combating Corruption Crimes in the Field of Use and Distribution of Budget Funds of the Main Directorate of Economic Security and Anti-Corruption of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of the Russian Federation, at a meeting on the prevention and prevention of corruption offenses in the field of public procurement in the Federation Council. Read more here.

Regions of the Russian Federation with the highest crime rate named

In August 2023, experts from the "To be precise" project of the "Need Help" charitable foundation published a rating of the regions of the Russian Federation in terms of crime.

As Kommersant writes with reference to this study, compiled on the basis of data for 2022, experts included 21 regions in the list of unfavorable crime rates. The most difficult situation is recorded in the Republic of Tuva, the Amur Region, the Jewish Autonomous Region and the Trans-Baikal Territory.

Experts noted that in the four regions that are among the least prosperous since 2014, low living standards, low urbanization, strong migration outflow of the population and the "intensive presence of former prisoners."

So, in Tuva, the number of people killed per 100 thousand of the population is about 20 people who died and received serious harm to health - 186 people.

The most prosperous Russian regions from the position of reducing the crime rate were the Moscow and Ryazan regions, Adygea and the Republic of Kalmykia.

Analysts of the project "To be precise" note the increase in crimes committed in the Russian Federation by migrants. In 2022, 291 murders committed by foreign citizens were previously investigated. A year earlier - 247. Thus, the growth was 18%. The number of "grievous bodily harm resulting in the death of the victim" decreased from 107 in 2021 to 89 in 2022.

Experts draw attention to the fact that most of all - by 72% - in 2022 in Russia the number of crimes related to drug trafficking increased (from 4.5 thousand in 2021 to 7.8 thousand in 2022). As in previous years, more than half of reported crimes are theft and fraud. The level of almost all violent crimes has also decreased, the researchers note, with the exception of the category "murder and attempted murder" (in 2022 they were registered 7.6 thousand against 7.3 thousand in 2021).^[4]

The number of thefts in Russian stores increased by 20%

The number of thefts in Russian stores in 2022 increased by about 18-20% compared to the previous year. This was announced in mid-June 2023 by the profile portal Shopper's.

According to Infoline CEO Ivan Fedyakov, in some grocery stores, losses reach 3-5% of revenue. Therefore, outlets are increasingly installing locks and other antiracial protection on cheese, alcohol and other goods.

The representative of the Lenta network reports an increase in cases of group theft and theft by professional shoplifters. Vkusville said that the shortage is only 10% of the total number of losses (which includes write-offs and markdowns of goods).

Chairman of the Presidium of the Association of Retail Companies Igor Karavaev clarifies that the problem of theft in stores always escalates during crisis periods. And, according to him, this is a trend of a global nature, not individual countries.

The number of thefts is growing especially noticeably in small settlements, says Ivan Babukhadze, director of the Union of Independent Networks. Loginov named the products that are stolen most often: alcohol, delicatessen types of cheeses and meat products, clothing of famous brands, perfume and premium cosmetics. Karavaev added confectionery, coffee, shoes and small sports accessories to this list.

Chairman of the Board of the Association of Retail Market Experts Andrei Karpov, in a conversation with Kommersant FM, noted that most often attackers are interested in expensive and small goods, but sometimes they manage to steal alcohol. It is a division of thieves into two types:

• shoplifters are a movement when they steal not because of a difficult economic situation, but because they want to prove something to someone and, of course, then brag about it on social networks;
• people whose financial situation has deteriorated, and they are thus trying to provide themselves with food.^[5][6][7][8]

The number of convicted  crimes in the economic sphere increased to almost 10 thousand people

  Irina Pankina, deputy chairman of the State Duma Committee on State Construction and Legislation, said in May 2023 that in recent years the number of people convicted of crimes in the economic sphere is only growing: in 2020   - 6.5 thousand, in 2021 - 8 thousand,  and in 2022 - almost 10 thousand.

3-4% increase in domestic violence

In the Russian Federation, at the end of 2022, an increase in the level of domestic violence was recorded by 3-4% compared to the previous year. Such data were released in early May 2023.

According to the Kommersant newspaper, referring to a study by the Travmpunct human rights project, a large-scale surge in domestic violence in Russia due to the current geopolitical situation is not observed. The authors of the study analyzed the data for 2022 released by the judicial department at the Supreme Court of the Russian Federation. It is noted that there is no special accounting of family and household offenses in Russia, so the employees of the "Emergency Center" studied the cases initiated under the articles under which they are most often prosecuted for such crimes.

In particular, under the article "Beatings" (6.1.1. Administrative Code of the Russian Federation) Russian courts in 2022 considered 170,608 cases. At the same time, 108,420 people were brought to justice. For most of the convicts, a penalty was determined in the form of a fine, the average amount of which amounted to 5410 rubles - this slightly exceeds the minimum penalty under the relevant article.

Criminal cases related to domestic violence in 2022 were most often initiated under the articles "Intentional infliction of minor harm to health" (part 1 of article 115 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation), "Beating by a person subjected to administrative punishment" (article 116.1 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation) and "Torture" (part 1 of article 117 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation). On an annualized basis, the number of such cases has remained virtually unchanged.

However, experts suggest that when studying the problem, the data of the judicial department may not be representative. Experts say that the level of violence in society is gradually growing, and the impact of the current geopolitical situation can be assessed only after the servicemen return home.^[9]

Based on the materials of Rosfinmonitoring in 2022, 1.3 thousand criminal cases were initiated

During 2022, according to the materials of Rosfinmonitoring (RFM), more than 6 thousand investigations in the credit and financial sector were carried out, of which more than 20% ended in the initiation of criminal cases. This was announced on March 17, 2023 by the deputy director of the RFM Oleg Krylov. Read more here.

In Russia, for the first time in 20 years, the number of murders and attempted murders has increased

In Russia, for the first time in 20 years in 2022, the number of murders and attempted murders increased. This will be agreed in the report of the law firm "Travmpunct" (it includes lawyers specializing in the protection of victims of violent crimes), which was published at the end of March 2023.

As Kommersant writes with reference to this document, until 2022, the statistics of the General Prosecutor's Office showed a "steady reduction" in murders and assassination attempts: from 32,265 cases in 2002 to 7332 in 2021. But in 2022, the number of such cases increased by 4% - 7628 cases.

The authors explain the increase in the number of murders, attempted murders and manifestations of domestic violence by several factors directly or indirectly related to military conflict. So, they note an increase in alcohol consumption and refer to foreign studies of this phenomenon using the examples of American soldiers who fought in Iraq and Afghanistan. In relation to Russia, the authors refer to the data of Rosalkogolregulirovanie: retail sales of alcohol with a strength of more than 9% increased in Russia in 2022 by 6.8%, vodka - by 5.9%, and all alcoholic beverages excluding beer, mead and catering chains - by 3.5% compared to the previous year. Lawyers note that in 70-80% of cases of murder in Russia are committed while intoxicated.

At the same time, the number of murders committed by repeat offenders decreased by 16.7%, intentional inflictions of grievous bodily harm by 19.7%. The number of drunken crime decreased by 10.1%, as well as murders committed while intoxicated, by 2.2%, intentional infliction of grievous bodily harm by 7.2%.

Among the reasons for the increase in violence is the post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) syndrome that occurs in combatants and injured civilians, the report said. Among the manifestations of PTSD associated with the risk of violence against other people are impulsiveness, anger, alcohol consumption.^[10]

The courts heard 5,800 criminal cases against businessmen; 27% of them are closed

By the end of 2022, the courts in Russia stopped 27% of criminal cases against businessmen. This was announced in mid-February 2023 by the Chairman of the Supreme Court of the Russian Federation Vyacheslav Lebedev at a meeting of chairmen of republican, regional, regional, arbitration and military courts following the work of the judicial system in 2022 with the participation of the President of Russia.

According to statistics cited by Lebedev, in 2022 the courts considered 5800 cases of this category in relation to 6600 persons, 73% were convicted. A preventive measure in the form of imprisonment was assigned to 6% of convicts.

On February 14, 2023, Russian President Vladimir Putin said that an important issue is the protection of entrepreneurs from unjustified criminal prosecution and the guarantee of their safety under sanctions.

The judiciary, through law enforcement practice, has always influenced the formation of a favorable business investment climate in our country. Today, in the conditions of sanctions aggression, you cannot say otherwise, this is especially important against Russia. And in this regard, the question of legislative guarantees for the protection of entrepreneurs from unjustified criminal prosecution again arises, - said the head of state.

According to statistics from the Ministry of Internal Affairs, units of the internal affairs bodies in 2022 revealed 81.8% of the total number of registered crimes of an economic orientation and 74% of criminal acts of a corruption orientation.

According to TASS, the head of the Main Directorate of Economic Security and Anti-Corruption (GUEBiPK) of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia, Police Lieutenant General Andrei Kurnosenko, has not changed the nature of economic crimes in the context of external sanctions pressure on Russia in 2022.

Even the sanctions themselves have some influence, but measures taken to compensate for the consequences of these sanctions. At the same time, this influence also carries a small volume, at the level of statistical error of the criminogenic situation. It will be more correct to talk not about changes, but about shifting emphasis and priorities, "he explained.

According to him, in 2022, the Ministry of Internal Affairs revealed more than 64 thousand economic crimes. On a large and especially large scale, more than 22.5 thousand crimes were committed. The amount of material damage caused amounted to 183 billion rubles. At the same time, property was seized, voluntarily repaid, or property, money and valuables worth over 230 billion rubles were seized.^[11]

The number of crimes under the article on drug production increased by 42%

The number of crimes under the article on drug production in Russia in 2022 increased by 42% compared to 2021. This is evidenced by the data of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of the Russian Federation, which were published at the end of January 2023. Read more here.

1.9% reduction in crime

The number of registered crimes in 2022 in Russia decreased by 1.9% compared to 2021. This was reported to the Ministry of Internal Affairs of the Russian Federation on January 30, 2023.

According to the ministry, the number of grave and especially grave crimes in 2022 decreased by 4.1%. The number of crimes against the person decreased by 5.5%, including the facts of intentional infliction of grievous bodily harm - by 2.8%, rape and attempted rape - by 4.2%.

The Ministry of Internal Affairs notes a decrease in the number of robberies registered in 2022 by 10.5%, robberies - by 7.1%, thefts - by 4.8%, including apartment robberies - by 7.5%, thefts of vehicles - by 19.6% and their thefts - by 9.3%, criminal hooliganism - by 13%.

From the message of the department it follows that in 2022 more than a million crimes were solved by law enforcement agencies. 79.8% of them were investigated by employees of the internal affairs bodies. The detection rate of murders, intentional inflictions of grievous bodily harm, robberies, robberies, thefts, fraud has increased.

The number of registered crimes at transport facilities decreased by 4.1%, including acts against the person - by 26.2%. On the streets, squares, in parks and squares in 2022, 3.9% less crimes were committed than a year earlier. The number of street robberies decreased by 6.6%, robberies - by 11.5%, thefts - by 3.9%.

The number of criminal offenses involving minors decreased by 4.4%, committed by citizens in a state of alcoholic intoxication - by 12.5%, in a state of drug intoxication - by 18.5%. In many ways, this is the result of preventive work, which is carried out by district police commissioners and juvenile inspectors, the Ministry of Internal Affairs said.^[12]

The Prosecutor General's Office named the leading regions in the number of crimes

According to the Prosecutor General's Office of the Russian Federation, which were published at the end of January 2023, according to the results of 2022, the largest number of crimes in Russia was committed in Moscow - 138,100. This is 3.75% less than a year earlier.

As RBC writes with reference to the information and analytical portal of legal statistics of the General Prosecutor's Office, the Krasnodar Territory (2022), Moscow Region (77,125), St. Petersburg (74,054) and Chelyabinsk Region (62,971) entered the five most criminal regions in 62,844. In 2021, these regions occupied the same positions as in the past, except that in 2022 St. Petersburg overtook the Chelyabinsk region.

In economic crime statistics, leadership is located in a similar sequence. In Moscow, 10,709 such violations of the law were revealed, in the Krasnodar Territory - 4530, and in the Moscow region - 3697.

It is noted that in the capital, law enforcement officers identified 34,705 criminals, in the Moscow region - 37,046, in the Krasnodar Territory - 28,825.

The leader in the increase in the number of crimes in 2022 was the Yaroslavl region - 14.3% more violations of the law were revealed here than in 2021. The second place is taken by the Tomsk region (10.5%) and the Chukotka Autonomous Okrug (8.8%).

In total, 1 million 966 thousand crimes were committed in Russia in 2022. This is 1.88% less than last year. The indicator of extremist crimes has grown significantly - by 48.16%. The total number of such crimes in Russia in 2022 is 1566. Security officials identified 16.5% more people involved in extremism. Their number was 1078 people. 1,166 criminal cases were sent to the court under articles on extremism.^[13]

The number of crimes committed by foreigners in Russia increased by 10.3%

The number of crimes committed by foreigners in Russia in 2022 increased by 10.3% compared to 2021 - up to 40.2 thousand. This was announced at the end of January 2023 by the State Secretary - Deputy Head of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of the Russian Federation Igor Zubov at a meeting of the State Duma.

According to him, crime among migrants accounted for 3.9% of crimes committed in 2022 in Russia. At the same time, the representative of the Ministry of Internal Affairs added that Russia needs foreign citizens, and it is impossible to isolate from them.

Russian Interior Minister Vladimir Kolokoltsev said at a government hour in the State Duma on October 19, 2022 that an increase in the number of criminal manifestations among foreigners was recorded in the country. According to him, 80% of the increase in the share of crimes is associated with the field of drug trafficking.

At the end of December 2022, the head of the Investigative Committee of the Russian Federation, Leksander Bastrykin, also reported an increase in crime committed by foreigners in Russia. At the same time, he noted that foreigners commit more serious and especially grave crimes by a third: murders - by 16%, rapes - by 12%.

There are significantly more migrants in Russia in 2022 than in 2021. Previously, the pandemic [coronavirus COVID-19] did not allow them to come to work. Naturally, the number of crimes in this regard has increased. The law of large numbers: the more people, the more crimes, "said Vyacheslav Postavnin, head of the Center for Analytical and Practical Research of Migration Processes.

Most often, foreigners commit crimes in the regions of their compact residence and in large retail outlets in cities where migrants are employed, a representative of one of the police units to combat property crimes told Izvestia.

We often face thefts, robberies, robberies committed by foreigners in major cities. Ethnic enclaves often act as a kind of criminal exchange: some drag bank cards, others quickly run around stores with them, buying up long-term products. Purchases are made up to 1000 rubles, so they do not require the introduction of a pin code, the source says.[14]

Luring entrepreneurs outside Russia and torture for robbery

The Kuzminsky Court of Moscow in December 2022 sentenced a 33-year-old web designer from Tyumen to ten years in prison, who offered businessmen to negotiate investments abroad, after which the criminals robbed the visiting entrepreneurs.

The convict's name is Andrei Ferris, he was a member of an organized criminal group (organized crime group). The group consisted of specialists who had "broad knowledge for the remote theft of victims' funds" and fighters with "skills to exert physical influence on a person using special means."

Ferris found wealthy victims for the organized crime group with the help of publications. One of the victims, 35-year-old businessman Andrei Konovalov, told the court that an article in Russian Forbes from June 2019 attracted the attention of the criminals to him. The material was called "How a programmer from the Urals earns hundreds of thousands of dollars a year from the sale of a Soviet dietary supplement in California," after the publication he received several commercial proposals, including a letter from a "group of private investors," and the reality of bandits from Russia.

Ferris convinced the businessman that the issue of investments worth more than $1 million should be resolved by Mikhail, who cannot leave Thailand. The victim noted that ten days later he flew to Bangkok, where Ferris took him to the villa and began to torture him. The total damage amounted to almost 6 million rubles.

A resident of Novosibirsk received 6 years in prison for embezzlement of 50 million rubles earned on cryptocurrency

In November 2022, the Railway District Court Novosibirsk sentenced a 33-year-old man who was accused of stealing a bag with money received from the sale. cryptocurrencies More. here

Residents of Izhevsk, Saratov, Taganrog and Moscow region went on trial for receiving murder orders through an online forum

At the end of September 2022, it became known that residents of Izhevsk, Saratov, Taganrog and the Moscow region went on trial for receiving murder orders through an online forum. The materials of the relevant criminal case (50 volumes) were sent to the Vladimir Regional Court by the Prosecutor General's Office of the Russian Federation. Read more here.

2021

Number of intentional murders

and

In 2 years, 2680 women died from domestic violence in Russia

In 2020-2021. in Russia, 2680 women died from domestic violence, which is 70.9% and 71.1% of all cases of murders of representatives of the weaker sex in the country, respectively. Such statistics in mid-August 2022 were published by the Human Rights Consortium of Women's NGOs (engaged in legal support for victims of domestic violence). He analyzed 11,175 new sentences posted in the public domain on the state automated system "Justice" and the website of the Moscow City Court.

The number of cases involving the murder of women in a situation of domestic violence has also grown. In 2018, 1128 such cases were opened, in 2019 - 953, in 2020 - 1420, in 2021 - 1260. The level of partner violence has also increased. Of the total number of deaths from domestic violence in 2021 and 2022, 92.5 and 92.8% were killed by partners, respectively. The rest are relatives.

The authors note the highest level of domestic violence in these two years in cases examined in St. Petersburg, Perm Territory, Omsk, Kurgan and Moscow regions.

Sofya Rusova, an employee of the consortium and co-author of the report, explained that during the COVID-19 coronavirus pandemic, the Consortium of Women's NGOs sent requests for help to victims of domestic violence to all regions. According to her, some regions have strengthened the work of hotlines, but in the context of the country, such measures remain minimal.

The percentage of partner violence has grown catastrophically, and although the Ministry of Internal Affairs does not have relevant statistics, we classified such cases according to the words "roommate," "lover," "partner," making a comprehensive analysis of sentences, she continued.

The Ministry of Labor and Social Protection of Russia told Kommersant in mid-August 2022 that the topic of protection against domestic violence will be included in the National Strategy for Action for Women for 2023-2030^[15]

The number of people punished for illegal rallies in Russia has grown 6 times over the year

In 2021, Russian courts brought to administrative responsibility for violating the procedure for holding public events six times more people than in 2020. Such data were released by the Judicial Department at the Supreme Court of Russia in April 2022. Read more here.

The number of tax crimes in Russia increased by 13.8%, to 5543 cases

In January 2022 MINISTRY OF INTERNAL AFFAIRS Russia , it published data on the total material damage from all crimes for the previous year. The number of crimes in the field of taxation has grown both in quantitative terms and in terms of the amount of damage. rubles According to the department's estimates, it amounted to 84.9 billion at the end of 2021.

As Polina Gusyatnikova, senior managing partner of the law firm PG Partners, told Izvestia, citing data from the Ministry of Internal Affairs, 5543 tax crimes were recorded in 2021, which is 13.8% more than a year earlier. According to her, until 2019, the statistical number of tax crimes decreased, since the calculation methodology changed - different compositions of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation either belonged or did not belong to tax crimes for statistics. For this reason, we can only say that the growth rate of the number of tax crimes in 2021 has accelerated compared to 2020, Gusyatnikova noted.

The increase in the number of crimes related to taxation, she associated with the economic consequences of the COVID-19 coronavirus pandemic.

The difficult situation of the business during the pandemic, due to the need to comply with antiquated restrictions, transfer employees to remote work, temporary termination of the work of organizations in certain industries and other similar factors, gives rise to the need to find funds to restore their financial situation. In some cases, such a search leads not only to legal tax planning, but also to illegal evasion of taxes and fees, concealment of income, property, payment of "gray" salaries, she explained.

In 2021, according to the Ministry of Internal Affairs, 3321 tax crimes were solved in Russia, which is 10.8% more than a year earlier. ^[16]

Damage from crimes in Russia soared by 63%, to 834.5 billion rubles

The damage from crimes in Russia in 2021 soared by almost 63% compared to 2020 and reached 834.5 billion rubles. Such data were published on January 18, 2022 in the Ministry of Internal Affairs of the Russian Federation.

According to statistics from the department, a significant part of the damage as a result of crimes (about 92.2%) falls on incidents that occurred in cities and urban-type towns. According to the Ministry of Internal Affairs, four out of five crimes are registered in cities and urban-type settlements - only 1.6 million; almost a fifth - in rural areas, where 371.7 thousand crimes were registered.

In 2021, law enforcement officers identified 117.7 thousand economic crimes, material damage for which amounted to 641.9 billion rubles. Grave and especially grave crimes in the total number of detected crimes of economic orientation amounted to 57.8%.

In 2021, 23.3 thousand people died as a result of crimes in Russia, which is 600 more compared to the previous year. At the same time, the number of illegal acts in a number of compositions, including murders and attempted murders, has decreased, the report says. Thus, the number of intentional infliction of grievous bodily harm, robberies - by 18.1% decreased by 10.6%. The number of vehicle thefts decreased by 24.8%. About 32,800 people in Russia were seriously injured in 2021.

In total, in January-December 2021, 2 million crimes were registered in Russia, which is 1.9% less than in the same period of the previous year. An increase in registered crimes was noted in 27 regions of the country, a decrease of 58. The number of criminal offenses involving minors committed by citizens in a state of alcoholic intoxication, in a state of drug intoxication has decreased.

The Ministry of Internal Affairs noted that the growth rate of crimes on the Internet has decreased. At the end of 2021, their number increased only by 1.4%.^[17]

Russia ranked 32nd in the ranking of organized crime

Russia is in 32nd place in terms of organized crime among the countries that are members of the United Nations (UN). The corresponding rating was published by the international organization GITOC. Read more here.

Detaining thieves who stole electronics from trucks at 80km/h

On August 11, 2021, it became known about the detention in the Irkutsk region of thieves who stole electronics from trucks on the go. The criminals turned out to be father and son, who had previously served a five-year sentence for similar thefts.

According to the press service of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of the Russian Federation, for their own purposes, thieves equipped cars capable of adjoining heavy trucks at a speed of more than 80 km/h at night on the highway. In addition, two modernized cars were found in their acquaintances. The domestic sedan and Japanese van had a windshield that could lean forward, the floor contained a welded metal ring to secure the cable or rope, and the nose of the van was sheathed in soft material.

In November 2020, a driver who supplied household and computer equipment (among them - televisions, a kettle, flash cards, etc.) turned to the police in Irkutsk. He said that part of the cargo worth over 1 million rubles disappeared from the truck. A criminal case was initiated under Part 4 of Art. 158 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation "Theft." Police officers found that two residents of Taishet, a father and son aged 54 and 33, could be involved in the disappearance.

Some of the missing goods were found in the courtyard of the suspects' private house. Investigators do not exclude that the detainees could have committed other similar thefts.

The suspects did not recognize their involvement in the crime and by August 11, 2021 are under recognizance not to leave. At the time of the arrest, the men were at home and the police were not waiting. Investigators do not exclude that they could have committed other similar thefts, and check this information.

The suspects previously served five years for stealing a batch of weapons in a similar way in 2013. Then, on the federal highway, several boxes of weapons were stolen from a MAZ car en route from Izhevsk to the Far East. A few days later, police found them in an abandoned house.^[18]

78,290 economic crimes in six months

According to the results of the first half of 2021, law enforcement agencies identified 78,290 economic crimes, follows from the report of the Prosecutor General's Office. Compared to last year, the number of criminal cases increased by 10%, or almost 7 thousand, and became the maximum since the first half of 2015 (then there were more than 80 thousand).

The activity of employees of the Investigative Committee has sharply increased, which revealed 38% more economic crimes than a year earlier. The number of crimes solved by the Ministry of Internal Affairs increased by 8.7%, and the prosecutor's office - by 11.9%.

One in 20 economic crimes involved tax evasion, rising by 11.8% to 3702. At the same time, not a single tax case was opened in two regions in six months: these are Chechnya and Chukotka.

2020

The number of murders in Russia in 5 years decreased by 3.2%, to 7.7 thousand cases - Prosecutor General's Office of the Russian Federation

According to the Prosecutor General's Office of Russia, in 2020, 7.7 thousand murders and attempted murders were registered in the country, which is 3.2% less than in 2019. Since 2015, the figure has decreased by a third - then 11.3 thousand such crimes were committed.

According to statistics cited by the Prosecutor General's Office, most of the murders and assassination attempts in 2020 fell on the Moscow region - 311 such crimes were registered there, which is 15.5% less than in 2019. In the Sverdlovsk region, 286 acts of this kind occurred (an increase of 0.4%), in Tatarstan - 252 (+ 21.2).

Compared to 2019, in 2020, the number of rapes and attempts on them significantly increased - by 11.3%, to 3.5 thousand throughout the country.

According to the Ministry of Internal Affairs, the number of registered crimes in Russia at the end of 2020 increased by 1% compared to 2019, and for serious and especially serious acts - immediately by 14%. At the same time, in 2020, the number of registered crimes against the person decreased - 5.1% less than in 2019.

At the end of 2020, there is a decrease in the number of robberies - by 21.7%, robberies - by 16.2%, the total number of thefts - by 3%, including apartment thefts - by 22.6% and vehicle thefts - by 27.1%.

The number of criminal offenses committed by persons in a state of alcoholic intoxication decreased by 2.5%, and by 14.7% - in a state of drug intoxication. Criminal activity in the migration sector has decreased. The number of crimes committed in Russia by foreign citizens and stateless persons decreased by 1.5%, and by 4.9% against them.

Crimes on the streets, squares, parks and squares are registered less by 9.9%, including robberies - by 24.8%, thefts - by 18.5%, robberies - by 23.3%.

In 2020, a decrease of 9.5% in the number of crimes in the family and household sphere was registered, including 15.8% - the facts of intentional infliction of grievous bodily harm, 13.5% - moderate harm, 10% - minor harm to health.^[19]

The Ministry of Internal Affairs linked the increase in the number of serious crimes in the Russian Federation with the growth of cybercrime

The main impact on the growth of serious crimes at the end of 2020 was an increase in the number of criminal acts of this category committed using information and telecommunication technologies. This was announced in January 2021 by the head of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia Vladimir Kolokoltsev, presenting to the personnel of the Department of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia in the Trans-Baikal Territory the new head - Police Colonel Vyacheslav Egovtsev^[20] in the Russian Federation^[21].

According to the minister, it is necessary to increase efforts in a number of areas. "First of all, we are talking about increasing the effectiveness of identifying the perpetrators, including those who committed crimes using computer and telecommunications technologies. This is the only type of crime that has greatly increased over the past year, "the head of the Ministry of Internal Affairs emphasized.

He explained that due to a sharp increase in the number of frauds, including in telecommunications areas, serious crime in Russia as a whole increased over the year. "Criminal cases of past years must also be kept under control. Operational-search measures should not stop after the adoption of a procedural decision to suspend the preliminary investigation, "the minister added.

According to him, the topic of combating organized crime and drug trafficking remains relevant, it is necessary to strengthen positions in the field of combating economic crime and corruption.

Ministry of Internal Affairs: Damage from economic crimes reached 450 billion rubles

The total damage from economic crimes Russia in 2020 reached 450 billion. rubles This was announced by the head of the laboratory of computer forensics of the company Group-IB Valery Baulin with reference to the data. MINISTRY OF INTERNAL AFFAIRS

Earlier, the Ministry of Internal Affairs reported that the material damage from economic crimes in Russia in 2019 exceeded 447 billion rubles. It turns out that in 2020, losses increased by less than 1%. In 2019, there was a decline of more than 4% with 104.9 thousand crimes of this kind (60.3% of them were serious or especially serious).

According to Baulin, many of the economic crimes are committed using IT tools: in 2020, the number of such atrocities exceeded 300 thousand. Baulin, in a conversation with RIA Novosti, noted that investigations must necessarily include cyber criminalism and specialized expertise, since any financial offense has a digital footprint left by attackers on their devices, in e-mail correspondence and in instant messengers.

Another topic of research, which was paid to analysts at Group-IB, was the popularity of cryptocurrencies among criminals. Fraudsters, according to experts, use a new financial instrument to "cover their tracks." According to experts, Bitcoin remained the most popular digital asset among fraudsters in 2020.

In 2020, a paradigm remained when the defendants in economic cases continued to be placed in custody, said Oleg Nikulenko, lawyer of the Ekkorp-Zashchita Bar Association.

Valery Baulin noted that earlier Group-IB launched a direction to investigate financial crimes. Within the framework of it, experts are involved in solving problems in forensic science (computer forensics) for the investigation, analysis and legal consolidation of digital evidence, including for litigation.^[22]

SC: Killers in the Russian Federation began to pay cryptocurrency

In mid-January 2021, the Investigative Committee of Russia (TFR) reported that the services of killers began to be paid for with cryptocurrency. Murder customers resort to this method of payment in order to minimize the risks of being caught in the event of a murder being solved.

We are investigating cases against professional attackers who are IT specialists who feel confident in the cyber environment, carefully planning crimes and using the entire possible arsenal of means in order to maintain their anonymity and go unpunished - from VPN-programs to cryptocurrency. For example, in cases of contract killings, the use of one of the cryptocurrencies as a means of payment was established, - said TASS Information Agency of Russia cybercrimes Konstantin Komarda, head of the department for investigation and crimes in the field of high technologies of the RF IC.

He also reported on the difficulties of establishing the customer who sent the payment to the killer. In particular, when converting cryptocurrency into ordinary currency, transactions are carried out through about 15-20 electronic wallets issued for unauthorized persons. At the same time, they carefully blur among tens of thousands of other operations before reaching the final recipient. According to the representative of the TFR, to analyze such data, special software and the help of IT specialists are needed.

Earlier, the director of the FSBAlexander Bortnikov said that terrorists began to use cryptocurrency focused on increased privacy more often to finance their activities. Criminals often set up shell firms and legally bid on stock exchanges or invest in real estate, he said. Europol confirms that bitcoin is still the most popular cryptocurrency for cybercriminals.^[23]

2019

In Russia, men receive an average of 14 months more for murder than women

The sentence for murder for men in Russia is on average 14 months more than for women. Such conclusions were announced at the end of February 2024 by scientists from the Higher School of Economics, who analyzed 20 thousand court cases. The study is published in the journal Homicide Studies.

With the complete coincidence of all other factors, the term of imprisonment for men was 14 months longer than for women. Gender affects the sentence more than aggravating circumstances - they increase the term by four months - or confession of guilt, which reduces the punishment by six months, the press service of the university reports.

The sentence for murder for men in Russia is on average 14 months more than for women

The analysis was carried out by scientists from the Higher School of Economics Anton Kazun (associate professor of the Faculty of Economic Sciences) and Svetlana Zhuchkova. Using the method of intellectual analysis of texts, they studied 20 thousand court cases under Part 1 of Article 105 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation (murder) from 2013 to 2019. According to the analysis, it turned out that women most often receive less severe punishment than men. At the same time, the gender difference in sentences is not due to the "lenient" attitude towards women defendants on the part of male judges - male judges generally issued stricter sentences than female judges, regardless of the sex of the defendant.

According to the authors of the study, a possible reason for this phenomenon may be that judges interpret various mitigating and aggravating circumstances in different ways. So, with the murder of a partner, the term of imprisonment of women was less by an average of three months, and with children - by four.

Researchers expect to conduct a deeper study of case materials to more accurately establish the reasons for the existence of this gender gap.

There are many more complex parameters (like, say, the fact of kinship or state in marriage), which require more complex methods to extract... These parameters in the texts of court sentences can be described in many different ways, which makes analysis difficult, but does not make it impossible, "said study author Anton[24]

The number of real estate crimes in Russia over 5 years increased by 18%

If in 2015 there were 6,208 such cases, then in 2019 - already 7,340. The number of crimes committed on a large and especially large scale increased even more - by 28%, follows from a study by the Financial University under the government. Russia

In 2020, in the first half of 2020, 4,129 crimes were registered in the real estate market, or 56% of last year's figure, and fraud on an especially large scale - 62% of cases for the entire 2019.

Criminals still use schemes with paper documents, but there are already cases of fraud with an electronic signature.

With a steady increase in the number of crimes committed in the field of real estate turnover, the number of sentences in such cases decreases from year to year. One of the reasons for the increase in real estate crimes is the lack of effective preventive legal regulation and proper control over compliance with transactions.

Dynamics of the number of drug-related crimes

2018: Statistics of crimes committed by law enforcement officers

2016: 2.16 million crimes recorded

The Prosecutor General's Office annually calculates the state of crime by crime category and state of affairs in each region. The latest data indicate that in 2016 2,160,063 crimes were registered in Russia - this is 228,413 crimes less than a year earlier.

A decrease in crime was recorded in 77 regions of Russia. For example, in Sevastopol registered a third less crimes compared to 2015, and in the Oryol region - almost 21%.

In the country, despite the economic crisis, the number of especially serious crimes, such as murders, robberies and robberies, decreased by 15.9%.

There were 871,084 (-14.5%) thefts, 61,524 (-15.4%) robberies and 11,416 (-16.3%) robberies.

Despite the general decrease in the level of criminalization of Russia in 2016, experts from the Prosecutor General's Office identified the three regions - leaders in crime growth. This is the Republic of Tuva, where the growth was 8.7%, as well as the Sakhalin region and North Ossetia - 4.5%.

The leader in the number of murders and attempted murders in 2016 was the Moscow region. The specialists of the Prosecutor General's Office recorded the least murders in Chukotka. Bribes were given more often than in other Russian regions in Moscow, and least of all in the Nenets Autonomous Okrug.

Meanwhile, as noted in the Prosecutor General's Office of the Russian Federation, in 2016, compared to 2015, the number of detected crimes of an economic orientation decreased by 3.3% in the country. The number of reported cases of receiving bribes decreased by 17.7%.

In 2016, compared to 2015, the number of detected economic crimes decreased by 3.3% in the country. The number of reported cases of receiving bribes decreased by 17.7%.

However, according to the Moscow department of the Ministry of Internal Affairs, the average amount of bribes in Moscow in 2016 increased by more than 2.5 times compared to 2015 and exceeded 2 million rubles.

The Prosecutor General's Office claims that the number of frauds also decreased in 2016.

Experts note that more than half of the crimes in 2016 in Russia - 674,935 - were committed by repeat offenders. In addition, one in three crimes in 2016 (37%) was committed while intoxicated.

The Prosecutor General's Office did not forget about foreigners either. They committed 43,933 crimes last year, which is 8.9% less than in 2015. At the same time, 38,501 crimes of them were committed by citizens of the CIS^[25].

2014: Strengthening the role of Chechens in the underworld

In April 2019, the source of the Kremlin Bezbashennik telegram channel in the FSB central office reported that Chechens (called in "places not so remote" - Nokhchi, by their national name) began to play a significant role in the criminal world of Russia only since 2014, when they (Chechens) began to be "closed" in Russian prisons and camps.

By 2019, due to the filling of prisons and camps with persons of Chechen nationality, they begin to dominate the underworld. In prisons and camps in Russia, 60% "looking" have already become nohchi. They gained access to cash flows from ordinary prisoners allocated for "general" and "thieves." Money and drugs are their goal.

The number of Chechen "thieves" has sharply increased - 8 times, compared to 2013. Moreover, many of the Chechen "thieves" are not recognized by the community.

It is the Chechens who promote, contrary to the prohibitions of other "thieves," the flow of heavy drugs into prisons and camps. At the same time, the Chechen "authorities" themselves are drug addicts by 95% of their total mass.

The FSIN bodies are inactive in controlling the strengthening of the influence of Chechen ethnic groups in their subordinate institutions, since it is the Nokhchi who share funds from the "common fund" with them, while those living according to the "concepts" of Slavic and Georgian "authorities" are unacceptable. Although it is worth noting that the "Georgians" are mainly drug addicts, but at the same time, at least they try to adhere to the traditional "way" and "concepts."

As a result, instead of "maintaining order" with permissible cooperation with the special content, the FSIN began to simply earn money together with Nokhchi, which led to an increase in their influence in the criminal world and an increase in cases of mass supply of heavy drugs to places of imprisonment.

So, by and large, the Chechen diaspora went beyond its region only at the end of 2013 and, having gained influence on a significant part of organized crime, began to influence other areas of public life.

2011: Deaths from crimes 40.1 thousand

Full report: Crime in Russia 2011

1. In 2011, the internal affairs bodies considered 24.61 million applications, reports and other information about incidents, which is 3.1% more than in the twelve months of 2010. For almost every twelfth message (8.1%), a decision was made to initiate a criminal case. A total of 1982.4 thousand criminal cases were initiated, which is 9.2% less than the indicator of the same period in 2010^[26].

2. In 2011, 2404.8 thousand crimes were registered, or 8.5% less than in the same period in 2010. An increase in registered crimes was noted in 7 constituent entities of the Russian Federation, a decrease in 76 constituent entities.

3. 92.1% of all registered crimes are detected by the internal affairs bodies, and 5.0% of them are at the stage of preparation and assassination. In total, 109.6 thousand crimes (2.8%) were detected at these stages.

4. 41.0% of crimes are registered in republican, regional and regional centers - a total of 986.51 thousand, a fifth (21.0%) - in rural areas where 506.1 thousand crimes were registered, which is 5.7% less than in 2010.

5. As a result of criminal encroachments, 40.1 thousand people died (4.5%), 49.4 thousand people suffered serious harm to their health (2.8%). The countryside accounts for 41.0% of the dead (16.4 thousand people), cities and towns that are not centers of the constituent entities of the federations - 35.8% of persons whose health was seriously harmed (17.7 thousand people).

6. The damage from crimes (in completed and suspended criminal cases) amounted to 250.73 billion rubles, which is 4.4% less than last year. Moreover, two-thirds of the damage (64.9%) falls on crimes registered in the centers of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation.

7. The proportion of grave and especially grave crimes among those registered decreased from 26.0% in January - December 2010 to 25.3%.

8. Almost half of all registered crimes (49.3%) are thefts of someone else's property committed by:

• thefts - 1038.6 thousand (6.3%),
• robbery - 127.8 thousand (22.3%),
• robbery - 20.1 thousand (18.2%).

Nearly one in three thefts (30.3%), one in twenty-second robberies (4.6%), and one in fourteen robberies (7.2%) involved illegal entry into a dwelling, premises or other storage facility.

Every twenty-second (4.6%) recorded crime is apartment theft. In January - December 2011, their number decreased by 17.6% compared to the same period in 2010.

9. The number of detected crimes related to illegal arms trafficking decreased by 7.5% compared to January-December 2010 and amounted to 28.1 thousand, and the number of detected facts of theft and extortion of weapons, ammunition, explosives and explosive devices increased by 3.3% (1.5 thousand facts).

In January - December 2011, 6.8 thousand crimes (9.1%) were committed using weapons. The largest number of registered crimes of this category is noted in the Republic of Dagestan (593), the Sverdlovsk Region (528), St. Petersburg (377), Moscow (280), Stavropol Territory (222).

10. In 2011, 29.15 thousand environmental crimes were registered, which is 25.5% less than in the same period in 2010.

11. Compared to 2010, the number of economic crimes identified by law enforcement agencies decreased by 26.8%. In total, 202.5 thousand crimes of this category were identified, the share of these crimes in the total number of registered crimes was 8.4%.

Material damage from these crimes (in completed criminal cases) amounted to 160.71 billion rubles.

Grave and especially grave crimes in the total number of detected crimes of economic orientation amounted to 53.8%.

Units of the internal affairs bodies revealed 190.8 thousand economic crimes, their share in the total array of economic crimes amounted to 94.2%.

12. In 2011, 215.2 thousand crimes related to drug trafficking were detected, which is 3.3% less than in the same period in 2010. At the same time, employees of the drug control authorities identified 82 thousand crimes (2.2%), employees of the internal affairs bodies - 129.7 thousand crimes (4.4%). Compared to January-December 2010, the number of detected crimes committed for the sale of narcotic drugs, psychotropic substances or their analogues decreased by 8.5%, and their share in the number of crimes related to drug trafficking decreased from 51.0% in January-December 2010 to 48.3%.

13. In 2011, 622 crimes of a terrorist nature (+ 7.1%) and 622 crimes of an extremist nature (5.2%) were registered.

14. 635 thousand crimes (+ 2.3%) were registered in public places. 412.4 thousand (+ 3.7%) crimes were registered on the streets, squares, parks and squares, including: 64.9 thousand (18.5%) robberies, 174.2 thousand (+ 14.4%) thefts, 7.5 thousand (12.5%) robberies. 155 robberies (29.9%), 373 robberies (+ 0.5%) were committed on roads and highways outside settlements, 75 facts of illegal acquisition, transfer, sale, storage, transportation or carrying of weapons, ammunition, explosives and explosive devices were revealed (35.9%).

15. In 2011, 1311.8 thousand crimes (8.3%) were solved, including 650.7 thousand - the consequence of which is mandatory (9.2%) and 661.1 thousand - the consequence of which is optional (7.4%). Employees of the internal affairs bodies previously investigated 1033 thousand crimes (10.0%), which is 78.7% of the total array of previously investigated crimes, employees of the investigative bodies of the Investigative Committee of the Russian Federation - 125.9 thousand crimes (5.6%), which is 9.6% of the total array, employees of drug control bodies, respectively 51.7 thousand (9.2%), bailiff services - 64.2 thousand (+ 14.9%).

16. 1080.1 thousand crimes were not solved, which is 9.5% less than the same indicator in 2010. Of this number, grave and especially grave crimes account for 24.7% (in January - December 2010 - 25.7%). 2.1 thousand murders and attempted murders (0.0%), 6 thousand facts of intentional infliction of grievous bodily harm (2.9%), 654.9 thousand thefts (7.7%), 68.4 thousand robberies (28.4%), 7.2 thousand robberies (18.6%) remained unsolved.

1053.8 thousand crimes (9.4%) remained unsolved due to the unidentified person to be brought in as an accused.

17. Crimes of previous years in 2011 were solved 58.8 thousand, which is 3.5% less than in the same period last year.

Half (46.4%) of the solved crimes of previous years are thefts (27.3 thousand) and the thirteenth part (7.8%) - fraud (4.6 thousand).

18. 1041.3 thousand persons who committed crimes (6.3%) were identified, the proportion of persons without a permanent source of income increased from 65.7% in January - December 2010 to 66.3%, and the proportion of previously convicted persons - from 26.5% to 28.7%.

19. Almost one in three (40.7%) of the investigated crime was committed by persons who had previously committed crimes, almost one in five (20.1%) were intoxicated, one in eighteen (5.5%) were minors or with their complicity.

Organized groups or criminal communities committed 16.9 thousand grave and especially grave crimes (20.3%), and their share in the total number of investigated crimes of these categories decreased from 5.9% in 2010 to 5.2%.

20. Foreign citizens and stateless persons in the Russian Federation committed 45 thousand crimes, which is 8.2% less than in January - December 2010, including 40.5 thousand crimes (9.2%) by citizens of the CIS member states, their share was 90.1%.

The number of crimes against foreign citizens and stateless persons decreased by 7.9% and amounted to 11.4 thousand crimes.

1996: The Last Death Penalty

1993

1983: Police memo to determine nationality

1982: Thieves in law discuss participation in the political life of the USSR

In 1982, at a meeting in Tbilisi, workshops and thieves in law discussed participation in the political life of the USSR. Georgian thieves actively supported embedding in politics and promotion of personnel; and some of the Russian thieves in law, led by Vasya Brilliant, were against this. Later it turned out that the tactics of the Georgian thieves were correct. Their roof was Shevarnadze and Aliyev.

In 1991, power flowed to the workshops and thieves in the law, who, in conjunction with the party nomenclature, began to build a new Russia.

1979: Emergence of a system of shop workers and thieves

Galeotti in his book "Thieves. The history of organized crime in Russia "(published in 2019) says that back in 1979 in Pyatigorsk there was a meeting of workshops with thieves in law and it was attended by employees of the 5th Directorate of the KGB of the USSR Bobkov.

Then it was decided that the workshops would deduct a tenth of the income to the thieves' world. In fact, an alternative System has developed - thieves and shop workers.

1937: Peak Political Convictions

1930s: Beria gives start to the dominance of Georgians in the criminal community

The dominance of Georgian "thieves in law" is a consequence of the Beriev projects, when it was necessary to control L. Trotsky's supporters in the Gulag system.

1926

See also

• Shoplifting
• Corruption (fraud, bribes): Russia and the world