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2020: The HSE developed the strategy of development for the Russian IT industry till 2036
On March 17, 2020 it became known of development of the strategy of development for the Russian IT industry by the Higher School of Economics (HSE) till 2036. According to the project, the market share information technologies in national GDP will grow from 0.9% in 2019 to 4%, and 10 companies with market capitalization at the rate from $1 billion will appear.
According to the Kommersant created by request of the Ministry of Telecom and Mass Communications the strategy of development for the IT industry market participants was discussed at a meeting with the Deputy Minister of Communications Maxim Parshin. They will send the offers on completion of strategy to the HSE.
The president of InfoWatch Natalya Kasperskaya expressed doubts concerning the volume of venture investments into IT startups which authors of strategy designated in $ 10 billion by 2036 (in 2018 this indicator was $ 409 million).
 | I do not understand, than this indicator will help also that should mean and as the state is going to force venture investors to invest in IT startups in such volume — she explained. |  |
The Domestic Software association within new strategy suggests to prolong preferential tax the mode for the IT companies, to enter different measures of support and development of the domestic software and digital platforms on its basis and also to provide complex support of the Russian software for promotion for export.
According to the member of expert advice on the Russian software Ilya Massukh, in the introduced draft of the strategy of development for the information technology industry in Russia import substitution appears only in one subparagraph whereas the president the decree made this question one of priority.
Also in keyword parameters of strategy it is told about a share of domestic software in purchase costs and lease of software whereas it is more correct to speak about a share of use of domestic technologies to exclude manipulations with an indicator, Massukh added.[1]
2018: The project of strategy for 2019-2025
Contents of the document
The ministry of digital development, communication and mass communications at the end of December, 2018 prepared the draft of the updated strategy of development for the information technology industry in the Russian Federation covering the period of 2019-2025 with perspective till 2030. It was made in execution of the order of the vice-president of the government Maxim Akimov on updating of strategy of 2014-2020 which he gave in August, 2018.
As well as the initial document revision approved in 2013[2]strategy defines the purposes and the main directions of development of the IT industry and also mechanisms and methods of achievement of effective objectives. At its development a row legal and the regulations which appeared for the last five years was considered.
The industry of IT of Russia has the potential of global competitiveness and should become one of the most important points of growth of the Russian economy till 2036, authors of strategy say. They calculate that its implementation will assist achievement of an indicator of export volume of the rendered services in different branches of the economy in the amount of $100 billion a year by 2024, according to the "May" decree of the president, and other purposes set by this decree.
Also strategy implementation should promote decrease in dependence of national economy on raw export due to increase in export of products of the industry of IT, to increase in education level and labor productivity at the expense of the accelerated implementation of IT to the most important spheres of economy and to improvement of the general investment climate in Russia.
At last, development of the industry is necessary to go to new post-industrial technology way which is based on widespread introduction of achievements of IT in all sectors of economy, the document says. Accomplishment of actions of strategy will help to support average growth rate of the industry of IT at the level considerably exceeding average growth rate of GDP - not less than by 3 times for the entire period, authors of the project calculate. The same waiting was registered and in the strategy of the version of 2013, however then it was in addition specified how many specifically hi-tech jobs are expected in Russia by a strategy deadline.
It is necessary to tell that the updated document in general includes less main indicators of development of the industry of IT in comparison with the initial version of strategy of 2013 – 4 against 8. Also in the initial version they were more detailed on different segments of IT market. At the same time in 2013 the put indicators were given for "the forced scenario".
The big part in formation of an appearance of the industry in 2019-2025 and perspective till 2036 is assigned to the state. It is provided to provide favorable conditions for work of the companies on the most competitive directions, including staffing. In the conditions of a complication of an international situation to the forefront there were questions of development and deployment of import-substituting technologies.
Priority of the state will become:
- ensuring preferences for domestic competitive products, such as business applications, antivirus software and software of cybersecurity, Internet services applied in corporate environment;
- support of collective software development in market segments where there is no sufficient backlog in the form of competitive domestic goods. The emphasis is placed on client and mobile OS, server operational platforms, DBMS, methods of management of cloud infrastructure, user and the office software;
- assistance in software development, connected with industry specifics. For example, software development for the industry (PLM, CAD, CAM, CAE), fuel and energy complex, construction (BIM, CAD, CAM), health care, the financial sector, transport;
- elimination of technology dependence on use of foreign products by state agencies and state corporations in critical areas, in particular in the field of general-system and infrastructure software.
The main directions of strategy implementation include development of personnel potential and formation of the industry of IT, stimulation of work of highly qualified specialists. For this purpose it is necessary, including, to create favorable conditions for involvement to Russia of such specialists from abroad, authors of the project of strategy consider. Among like those - need to develop conditions of simplification of obtaining by highly qualified specialists of the time residence permit and the work authorization in Russia.
The list of the main directions also includes promoting of IT as fields of activity, improvement of institutional conditions of development of the industry, the international cooperation and support of export.
| | Creation of a brand of Russia as the countries of information technologies in which successful solutions in the field of information technologies are created is necessary and the companies of the specified direction develop and also in Russia it is profitable and attractive to work to the foreign organizations and specialists, - it is specified in strategy. | |
Research activity in the field of IT is referred to the key directions of development. Here among priorities the broad spectrum of technologies, including a blockchain, Big Data and Internet of Things is designated.
The important direction is also support of development of small business. Among the designated options - preferential crediting and subsidizing of the Russian customers of IT during the purchasing of domestic production and implementation of projects on migration of the information systems with foreign on domestic solutions.
Other directions of strategy implementation are stimulation of appearance of leaders of the global information technology industry, informatization of economy and the long-term order on IT from the state, providing Information Security, increase in literacy of the population in the field of IT.
Assessment of the amounts of financing of strategy implementation in the document is not specified. It is going to be performed at the expense of state programs, programs of the institutes of development connected with development of the innovation economy and the industry, budgets of subjects and extrabudgetary funds in model of PPP.
The project of strategy was sent for obtaining comments and offers on it in AP KIT, ARPP "Domestic Software", "Russoft", Competence center on import substitution in the field of ICT, Financial University under the Government of the Russian Federation, RAS, Rosatom, Vnesheconombank, the Ministry of Finance and some other the organizations and federal agencies. Collecting of a feedback from market participants is going to be completed on January 24.
Opinions of heads of the IT companies on the project of strategy
A number of heads of the Russian IT companies shared opinions on the draft of the strategy of development for the IT industry with TAdviser. In it both the positive directions, and existence of defects are noted. The president of Docsvision company Vladimir Andreyev considers that in general the document useful and formulates the correct tasks. Treat them:
- Ambitious indicators of the advancing growth in comparison with other industries (three times), among them even more advancing growth are software development;
- Direct link of problems of growth of the industry with import substitution and specific role of the state in this process;
- Orientation to export of IT of products and services as strategy for the world market;
- Ambitious plans for increase in a share of IT specialists among occupied and creation of preferences for them for work, housing and development;
- Understanding that preferences for IT – one of the directions of the global mezhdustranovy competition;
- The fact that on the first place development of a human capital is delivered;
- Inclusion of business applications as one of the priority markets of software for domestic developers;
- It is good that RCEAP was suggested to be specified as in the field of software it looks obviously archaically.
On the other hand, for implementation of problems of the proposed measures it is not enough, and a part of the directions it is formulated in too inconcrete type, Vladimir Andreyev notes.
| | The main risk for IT of the personnel and the companies today – flight from jurisdiction of the Russian Federation, it is designated, but the measures proposed in the document are obviously not enough. The problem is much more deeply: that in Russia today to organize business extremely inconveniently in general therefore any business to aim to find more comfortable conditions. And software business is transferred to other jurisdictions much more simply than others. Generally, without creation of the environment favoring to business in general cardinally not to solve a problem though the proposed measures can partially remove a problem, - the president of Docsvision says. | |
Besides, consider in the company, there is not enough problem of fall forward and quality of legal and rule-making activity in the field of IT. For example, the lack of the regulatory base for paperless document flow (a basic problem of digital transformation) slows down development of domestic market of automation, and development of domestic market – the main driver of development of the industry in general today, Andreyev in a conversation with TAdviser noted.
The emphasis in the project of strategy is placed on the domestic market, first of all, on requirement of a public sector, and measures for stimulation of the export potential are designated is declarative, it is not enough reality, the president of Docsvision specifies.
| | Today for the Russian producers there was a stalemate: the Russian market is too small for generation of sufficient profit – a source of the investments necessary for promotion on global market on which focusing, and generation of necessary profit is possible. System measures are necessary for the help in promotion of the best Russian brands out of borders of Russia though a task this very uncommon, - Vladimir Andreyev is sure. | |
The emphasis in development of technologies on import substitution and formation of completely own infrastructure is partly justified, but leads to risk of "chuchkheization" (a separation from world technology IT trends), Andreyev considers. The balance between creation of domestic infrastructure and a support on the most modern infrastructures which mostly proprietary, openness in world space and presence of export perspectives at technologies which are selected for import substitution is necessary.
Besides, increase in real competition in IT is necessary. There is a risk that regulation of the industry will reduce competition in the industry, measures for decrease in this risk are necessary, the president of Docsvision notes.
| | Regarding formation of personnel potential the proposed measures are also represented insufficient. Here several additions which, in our opinion, would be useful. Specialization and differentiation of programmers when training and, respectively, change of the list of professions is necessary: rapprochement subject and IT competences; programmer lyceums - training of encoders are necessary for simple routine tasks, selection of grants on self-education in the field of IT, - Vladimir Andreyev says. - An important point - stimulation of training in a foreign language as it is a key factor for an exit to global markets. | |
At last, the nomenclature of perspective technologies contains already recorded trends, and should be directed to the future, Andreyev believes. Not the tough list, but the mechanism of selection of the priority directions in investment is necessary, it is necessary to concentrate on those directions which well develop in Russia. The company considers that one of such directions - "paperless technologies" and digital transformation of business processes in which there are good backlogs and which are extremely demanded in the world market.
The CEO of BaseALT company Alexey Smirnov selects several moments to which it is necessary to pay attention. In the project of strategy the idea not only about import substitution is put, but also about that the Russian developers occupied a certain share in the markets of BRICS. It is the interesting idea, but it must be kept in mind that in the countries of BRICS, such as Belarus, China, India are enough developers, Smirnov considers. Also it is necessary to understand that penetration of the Russian programs on the new markets, most likely, will be not one-sided, but mutual. The countries of BRICS will want to enter the Russian market symmetrically. It will create the additional competition for domestic developers in the Russian market. It is possible that and the list of the countries whose software can be bought on state procurements in Russia will extend, the CEO of BaseALT added.
One more note of Alexey Smirnov concerns a linking of a hardware and program component in the field of import substitution.
| | Development of domestic processors is an important point. Now there is a regulatory base concerning software which interferes with it. There has to be software which can work with domestic processors. But nothing, the concerning development of software for domestic processors, I in the project of strategy noticed, - he says. | |
Not so long ago the amendment was made to government decree No. 1236 about maintaining the register of domestic programs. Now softwares, not conforming to additional requirements, will exclude from the register. In requirements it is written that application programs should be compatible from two OS from the register and to Windows OS. It turns out that if the program for the Russian processor is developed, but Windows does not support it, then it software will not be included in the register, the CEO of BaseALT explains. It is because a linking of development of processors with development of domestic software is not thought over, and in the project of strategy this moment is absent too.
In strategy there is also an idea of involvement of foreign workers against the background of the shortage of IT specialists in Russia. Involve specialists from abroad – it is good and correct, but the project of strategy does not consider specifics of the IT industry, Alexey Smirnov specifies. Often IT specialists, programmers work far off, they do not have need to move to the employer's country. The project of strategy provides improvement and simplification of conditions in that case when the specialist moves, and questions of regulation of the relations with foreign employees which would work far off from other countries, in the document are not worked, including a question – where such employee should pay taxes. "the gray zone" is formed.
| | Mechanisms of simple employment of remote workers from abroad, the benefit should be provided that the concept "distant employee" was already published in the labor law of Russia in strategy, - Smirnov notes. | |
The managing director of Rosplatforma company Vladimir Rubanov notes that in the new edition strategy appeared new accents - the phrase "digital sovereignty" as a priority of the state is for the first time used. Stimulation of development of domestic IT solutions and ensuring their consumption in domestic market, first of all, from state agencies and state corporations goes in the new paragraph too that, certainly reflects increase in the importance of domestic IT manufacturing, Rubanov considers.
| | From positive technology aspects it is interesting to system (infrastructure) software to note special attention, it is the base for all other software, but often about is mute forgot as it is not visible to directly end users, but it as an underwater part of an iceberg - without it is not present a top, - the managing director of Rosplatforma says. | |
Also in priority technologies there were software-defined systems for processing and data storage that completely corresponds to modern world trends, Vladimir Rubanov added.
Dmitry Shushkin, the CEO "Abbyy Russia", considers that the strategy designated in the project IT trends in the next years really will play a significant role in digitalization of applied tasks of people, business and the state organizations.
| | One of the most important measures mentioned and in strategy, is prolongation of privileges on payment of insurance premiums for the IT companies. Such support of developers of the innovative technologies is important for successful development of IT market. We hope that this system will remain also after 2023, - Shushkin noted. | |
The CEO of New cloud technologies Dmitry Komissarov notes that in the draft of the updated strategy of development for the IT industry two paragraphs are devoted to small business that, according to him, it is not enough. In particular, in the document nothing is told about a problem of lack of pledges at developers, he specifies.
Dmitry Gusev, the Deputy CEO of Infotecs, believes that in the document of the project much everything is written - too much for strategy. And according to him, many positions of the document have especially declarative character from discharge "it is necessary to live better better to live".
2012: AP WHALE and McKinsey developed the Strategy of development for the IT industry of Russia
Association of the enterprises of computer and information technologies (AP KIT) together with McKinsey finished in the fall of 2012 development of strategic priorities of development of the Russian IT industry. In the document in addition to a current status of the industry possible scenarios of its development are given and is defined what state support market participants would like to receive. Actually, such consolidated opinion of the market was also formulated for communication with the government.
From the Russian association enter into the working group of the project:
- head of Verysell Mikhail Krasnov,
- CEO Croc Boris Bobrovnikov and
- chief executive of AP KIT Nikolay Komlev.
Members of a project control board are also heads of other member companies of association:
- Alexey Ananyin (Borlas),
- Georgy Gens (LANIT),
- Oleg Gizatullin ("Open technologies"),
- Kirill Kornilyev (IBM),
- Valentin Makarov ("Russoft"),
- Dmitri Moskalyov (Mont),
- Boris Nuraliyev (1C),
- Nikolay Pryanishnikov (Microsoft Rus) and
- Shamil Shakirov (I-Teco).
Notes
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