Chemical industry in Russia

Chemical industry in the world

Main article: Chemical industry in the world

Ammonia production in Russia

Main article: Ammonia production in Russia

Production and production of iodine in Russia

Main article: Production and production of iodine in Russia

2025

The government allocated ₽400 million to create the first engineering development center in coal chemistry in Russia

In November 2025, it became known that the Russian government allocated ₽400 million to create an interregional center for engineering developments in coal chemistry on the basis of Kuzbass State Technical University. The economic effect of the project by 2030 will be at least ₽800 million. Read more here

Rosatom launched a plant for the production of polymer composites in Mordovia for ₽1,5 billion

The state corporation Rosatom has put into operation the second stage of the production cluster Center for Polymer Composites in the territory of the advanced socio-economic development of Ruzayevka in Mordovia. The volume of investments in the project amounted to ₽1,5 billion. The opening of high-tech production of the composite division of the state corporation was reported on August 27, 2025. Read more here.

Launch of the first silica gel plant in Russia. 21 billion rubles invested in it

On June 2, 2024, it became known that the first production of silica gels and silicazoles worth ₽21 billion was launched in Russia in the Nizhny Novgorod region. RusSilika, part of the Titan group, opened a plant on the territory of the Kulibin special economic zone in Dzerzhinsk. The Industrial Development Fund allocated a preferential loan of ₽5 billion to the enterprise for the purchase of production equipment. Read more here.

In the Kemerovo region, a plant for the production of liquid carbon dioxide was launched for ₽1,1 billion. It is used in oil production and in the creation of drugs

Azot JSC from Kemerovo completed the construction of a plant for the production of liquid carbon dioxide. Investments in the project amounted to ₽1,1 billion. This was announced on February 26, 2025 by the Governor of Kuzbass Ilya Seredyuk during the annual report on the work of the regional government. Read more here.

2024

Global urea production growth for cosmetics and medicines by 2% to 206m tonnes

Global urea production increased by 2% in 2024 to 206 million tonnes. This is evidenced by data from the analytical company BusinesStat, published in December 2025.

According to the study, in 2020 the volume was 180 million tons. In 2021, the figure increased by 2% to 184 million tons. In 2022, there was a 6% jump to 196 million tons. In 2023, the growth was 3%, the volume reached 201 million tons. In 2024, production increased by 2% to 206 million tons.

Five countries remain the main producers of urea, which account for over 60% of world output:

• India;
• Indonesia;
• China;
• Russia;
• USA.

In industry, the main method of producing carbamide is the synthesis of ammonia and carbon dioxide. The main raw material for ammonia production is natural gas. This technology determines the geography of production and makes the industry dependent on the availability of gas resources.

Carbamide is used in several industries. The main direction of use is the production of nitrogen fertilizers for agriculture. The substance also finds use in the cosmetic and pharmaceutical industries. In cosmetics, carbamide is used as a moisturizing component. In medicine, drugs are produced on its basis.

The expansion of urea production was due to the implementation of large investment projects and the growing demand of agriculture for nitrogen fertilizers. The growth was provided by new gas chemical capacities in several countries. Modernization of existing facilities also contributed to the increase in production.

Some countries have faced restrictions on raw materials. In Egypt, the shortage of natural gas reduced the loading of enterprises and led to a drop in output. Dependence on gas resources poses risks to producers in regions with unstable energy supply.^[1]

Reduction in iron vitriol production by 6% to 54.6 thousand tons

According to the "Analysis of the iron sulfate (iron vitriol) market in Russia," prepared by BusinesStat in December 2025, in 2024 its production in the country decreased by 6% and amounted to 54.6 thousand tons.

Iron vitriol is a by-product of metalworking plants, its production depends on the production of steel. In 2024, there was a decrease in steel production due to a decline in demand for metal from construction, engineering, and power. The high key rate of the Central Bank restrained investment activity. The export of Russian steel was limited by the sanctions of the EU countries.^[2]

In Russia, the production of artificial fibers for clothing, construction and mechanical engineering for the year soared by 23.5% to 12.5 thousand tons

The production of artificial fibers in Russia amounted to 12.5 thousand tons in 2024. The figure is 23.5% higher than the level of the previous year. The result confirms that the industry is going through a stage of recovery and active development. The Central Federal District became the undisputed leader with a share of about 91.1% of the total output. This is evidenced by data from a study by Alto Consulting Group, published in early October 2025.

The concentration of production is explained by the high density of enterprises in the chemical and textile industries. The presence of scientific centers ensures the development of new types of fibers. Logistics capabilities allow the integration of artificial fibers into a wide range of industries. Moscow, Tver and Vladimir regions concentrated the main production capacities. Enterprises have a full cycle from chemical synthesis to winding the finished fiber.

Over the year, the production of artificial fibers in Russia, used in the production of clothing, construction and mechanical engineering, increased significantly by 23.5%, amounting to 12.5 thousand tons

Artificial fibers are a key component of modern textile and industrial products. Materials are actively used in various sectors of the country's economy. The light industry applies fibers to the manufacture of fabrics, clothing and accessories. Viscose and acetate fiber form the basis of summer fabrics. Construction uses materials as reinforcing components. Mechanical engineering uses technical fibers for composite parts.

The manufacture of nonwoven fabrics for medicine requires sterile artificial fibers. Filtration and technical needs use specialized product brands. Applications in the construction industry include reinforcing materials for concrete. Insulation coatings made of artificial fibers provide thermal protection of buildings. The automotive and engineering industry uses fibers to upholstery salons. The chemical and food industries apply packaging materials and specialized solutions.^[3]

The production of synthetic fibers in Russia decreased by 5.5% to 192.2 thousand tons

The production of synthetic fibers in Russia amounted to 192.2 thousand tons in 2024. The figure is 5.5% less than the level of the previous year. The decrease is due to a slowdown in the processing of raw materials and changes in demand for textile and industrial materials. Fluctuations in prices for imported raw materials affected production volumes. The Central Federal District became the leader and provided about 32.3% of the total output. This is evidenced by data from a study by Alto Consulting Group, published in October 2025.

The region has a developed infrastructure and a large number of processing enterprises. Proximity to key product consumers reduces logistics costs. Moscow, Tula and Tver regions concentrated plants for the production of polyester and polyamide fibers. Enterprises have a full cycle from polymerization to fiber formation. The availability of raw materials is ensured through the supply of petrochemical plants.

The volume of synthetic fiber production in Russia decreased, stopping at 192.2 thousand tons

Synthetic fibers are used in the textile, footwear and furniture industries. The automotive industry uses materials to upholstery salons and seat belts. The production of building materials uses fibers to reinforce concrete. High strength and resistance to wear ensure the durability of the products. Resistance to moisture, chemicals and ultraviolet light extends the scope of application. The versatility of use in fabrics, technical products and packaging makes the material in demand.

The possibility of painting in a wide range of colors and shades attracts clothing manufacturers. Combining lightness and durability is important for sportswear and footwear. Products are in demand in various sectors of the economy. The demand for synthetic fibers remains stable due to the needs of the textile and industrial industries. The active growth in the production of functional materials with increased performance supports manufacturers. Moisture-wicking and breathable fabrics are used in sportswear.^[4]

The production of lighters in Russia for the year decreased by 20% to 85.7 thousand pieces

In 2024, the production of lighters in Russia decreased by 20.3%. The production amounted to 85.7 thousand pieces. This is evidenced by the data of the analytical company Alto Consulting Group, released in October 2025.

The Volga Federal District retained a monopoly position in the production of lighters. The region provided 100% of the total output. The concentration of production is explained by historical specialization and developed infrastructure.

The production of lighters in Russia for the year decreased by 20%

The main reasons for the reduction in steel production:

1. Rising imports of cheaper products from Asian countries.
2. Decrease in the number of smokers in Russia.
3. Increase production costs.
4. Changing consumer habits.
5. High competition with foreign brands.

The share of foreign lighters in retail chains exceeded 70% in 2024. This indicator has seriously affected the positions of domestic producers. Russian companies are faced with the need to adapt to new market conditions.

Manufacturers are developing lines of technical and tourist lighters. The products are used in domestic conditions and extreme situations. This approach allows you to diversify the range and remain competitive.

The production of reusable lighters with the possibility of refueling is developing. Increasing attention to the environmental friendliness of products. The use of single-use plastic in production is reduced.

Manufacturers are introducing automated assembly technologies. Robotic lines help reduce the cost of a unit of production. Improved safety standards to prevent accidental ignition.

Analysts predict industry stabilization in 2025-2027. It is expected that production volumes will remain at the level of 80-90 thousand units annually. The range of premium models will expand.^[5]

Reduction in the production of matches in Russia by 19.4% to 1.5 million conventional boxes

In 2024, the production of matches in Russia amounted to 1.5 million conventional boxes, which is 19.4% less than in 2023. Despite the reduction in volume, the industry remains strategic, providing domestic demand and a stable supply in the household product market. The leader of production was the Volga Federal District, which accounted for about 64.6% of the total. Such data in November 2025 were published on the website of Alto Consulting Group (ACG).^[6]

Reduction in production of argon used in electronics by 1.7% to 169.2 million cubic meters

The output of argon in Russia in 2024 amounted to 169.2 million cubic meters, a decrease of 1.7% compared to 2023. This is evidenced by the data of the analytical company Alto Consulting Group, released in October 2025.

Despite some decline, the argon market continues to be strategically important for industry. Gas is actively used in metallurgy, electronics, medicine and the energy sector. The Ural Federal District became the leader, providing 27.7% of the all-Russian volume.

The production of argon used in electronics in Russia for the year decreased by 1.7% to 169.2 million cubic meters

The dynamics of argon production in Russia in 2024 was formed under the influence of several reasons:

• Demand from metallurgy. Argon is widely used in welding and steel production. The protective atmosphere of the inert gas prevents oxidation of the metal at high temperatures.
• Development of electronics. Gas is in demand in the production of semiconductors and optical devices. Microelectronics require ultrapure argon to create defect-free crystals.
• Increasing medical needs. Argon is used in surgery and cryogenic techniques. Argonoplasma coagulation is used in endoscopic operations.
• Power and new technologies. Argon consumption is rising along with the development of renewable energy sources. The production of solar panels requires an inert environment.
• Impact of the global economy. Fluctuations in world energy prices are directly reflected in the cost and prices of argon. Gas production is energy intensive and depends on electricity tariffs.

The Ural Federal District is the leading producer of argon. The geographical advantage, the presence of a developed industrial base and the concentration of metallurgical enterprises provided the region with the status of a key production center.

The Siberian district occupies a significant share due to the needs for metallurgy and power. The Central Federal District is actively developing production due to the high level of consumption from engineering and high-tech industries.

The Northwest District is of strategic importance through export supplies. The Volga and South districts form a smaller share, but ensure stable growth of the local market.^[7]

Ethylene production in Russia increased by 4.2% over the year and reached 4.6 million tons

Ethylene production in Russia in 2024 amounted to 4.6 million tons, an increase of 4.2% compared to 2023. This is evidenced by the data of the analytical company Alto Consulting Group, released in October 2025.

The increase in production is due to the increase in capacity at leading enterprises and the stabilization of demand from the chemical industry. The Volga Federal District became the leader, providing 48.2% of the total.

Ethylene production in Russia increased by 4.2% over the year

The Volga Federal District holds a leading position due to the presence of large petrochemical plants. The developed industrial infrastructure supports high output volumes. The logistics advantages of the region ensure the effectiveness of the supply of raw materials and finished products.

Other regions are gradually increasing their production capacity. Expanding the geography of production is aimed at satisfying domestic demand and developing export supplies.

The five main growth drivers are:

• Increased capacity at leading enterprises. Large petrochemical plants have completed investment projects to expand. The launch of new cracker units increased the overall productivity of the industry.
• Stabilizing demand from the chemical industry. Polymer manufacturers have increased purchases of ethylene to produce polyethylene and other plastics. The growth of the construction sector and the packaging industry stimulated the consumption of polymer materials.
• Investing in modernizing plants and introducing energy efficient technologies. The upgrade of the equipment reduced the specific energy consumption for the production of tons of ethylene. Automation of pyrolysis processes optimized the yield of the target product from raw materials.
• Growing interest in high-quality ethylene grades for polymer production. Manufacturers of special polymers require product purity above standard. Investments in cleaning systems have satisfied the demand for premium brands.
• Expansion of export supplies to the CIS countries and to the world market. Logistics routes to neighboring states provide stable demand. Competitive prices of Russian ethylene attract foreign buyers.^[8]

Methanol production in Russia for the year decreased by 2% to 3.8 million tons

The output of methyl alcohol (methanol) in Russia in 2024 amounted to 3,818,6 thousand tons, having decreased by 1.9% compared to 2023. This is evidenced by the data of the analytical company Alto Consulting Group, released in October 2025.

Methanol remains one of the key products of the chemical industry used in the production of formaldehyde, plastics, fuels and solvents. The Volga Federal District became the leader in production, providing 42.1% of the total output.

Methanol production in Russia decreased by 2% over the year

The decline in production in 2024 is due to several factors:

• Industrial capacity adjustment. Enterprises carried out planned optimization of production lines. Balancing the equipment load required a temporary reduction in volume.
• Modernization of plants. Technological updating of the equipment required the shutdown of part of the capacity. The introduction of modern synthesis systems will increase efficiency in the future.
• Changing demand for chemical products. Fluctuations in demand within the country and in foreign markets affected production plans. Consumers adjusted the volume of purchases depending on the economic situation.

The high share of the Volga Federal District is explained by the presence of large production complexes. Well-developed transport infrastructure and access to raw materials provide competitive advantages.

The central and northwest regions provide a significant share of production at the expense of large industrial complexes. Developed transport infrastructure reduces logistics costs.

The Siberian Federal District participates in the production of methanol mainly for the needs of the chemical industry and export. Access to natural resources creates the basis for the development of the industry.

The southern regions of Russia provide methanol production in smaller volumes. The direction of biomethanol and alternative fuel is actively developing.^[9]

In Russia, the production of technical carbon for printer cartridges for the year decreased by 5% to 868.4 thousand tons

In 2024, the volume of technical carbon production in Russia decreased to 868.4 thousand tons. The drop was 5.2% compared to 2023. This is evidenced by the data of the analytical company Alto Consulting Group, released in October 2025.

The Central Federal District retained its leadership in carbon black production. It accounted for 34.9% of the total output. The largest chemical enterprises of the industry are concentrated in the region.

In Russia, the production of technical carbon for printer cartridges decreased by 5% over the year

The main reasons for the reduction in steel production:

1. Reducing demand from the tire industry.
2. Change in the global carbon black market.
3. Reduce consumption in individual industrial segments.
4. The impact of economic sanctions on export shipments.
5. Competitive pressure from foreign manufacturers.

Carbon black is used in the production of printer cartridges. Also, products are used in the tire and rubber industry. The material is in demand in the manufacture of plastics and paints.

Manufacturers are developing export supplies to Asian countries. China remains a key partner in the technical carbon trade. Supplies to Kazakhstan and Turkey are also developing.

Average producer prices showed moderate volatility. The cost is influenced by world oil and gas prices. The ruble exchange rate remains a significant factor.

The Volga Federal District ranks second in terms of production. The share of the region is 25% of the total output. The Siberian Federal District produces 20% of carbon black.

Manufacturers are introducing energy efficient technologies. Production emission capture systems are being developed. Environmental safety of enterprises is increased.^[10]

The production of nitric acid for drugs and explosives in Russia for the year increased by 23% to 105.3 thousand tons

The production of nitric acid in the form of concentrated monohydrate in Russia in 2024 reached 105.3 thousand tons. This is 23.2% more than in 2023. This is evidenced by the data of the analytical company Alto Consulting Group, released in October 2025.

The result reflects the resumption of activity in the chemical industry. There is also an increase in the demand for a key raw material component for related sectors of the economy. The Volga Federal District remains the leader in production.

Over the year, the production of nitric acid for drugs in Russia increased by 23%, amounting to 105.3 thousand tons

The Volga Federal District accounted for about 62.4% of the total output. This confirms the strategic importance of the region for the Russian chemical industry. Historically, the largest chemical enterprises in the country are located in the district.

Nitric acid in concentrated form is the most important product for the functioning of a number of industries. Its main purpose is to serve as a raw material and reagent in key industrial processes. Without this substance, the development of many sectors of the economy is impossible.

The main applications of nitric acid include the following areas:

• Production of mineral fertilizers, including nitrogen, ammonia and nitrate compounds.
• Chemical industry for the synthesis of organic and inorganic compounds.
• Explosives production and defense industry needs.
• Metallurgy and metal purification processes.
• Pharmaceutical industry and production of intermediates.

A wide range of applications makes the release of nitric acid an indicator of the state of the chemical industry. It also reflects the situation in the entire industrial economy of Russia. Changes in production volumes affect many related sectors.

Analysts at Alto Consulting Group have identified several factors in the growth of production volumes. Domestic demand for fertilizers increased due to the support of the agro-industrial complex. There was a recovery after the restrictions of 2022-2023 and the activation of large chemical enterprises.^[11]

Sulphite and sulphate production in Russia decreased by 0.2% to 1.57 million tons

The production of sulfides, sulfites and sulfates in Russia in 2024 amounted to 1.57 million tons, which is 0.2% less than in 2023. This was announced by the analytical company Alto Consulting Group in October 2025.

Despite a slight decline in volumes, the market shows resilience and ability to adapt to changing economic conditions. The leader of production was the Volga Federal District. The region provided about 28.5% of the total output. Dominance is associated with the concentration of large enterprises of the chemical industry and developed infrastructure.

The output of sulfites and sulfates used in the Russian pharmaceutical industry decreased by 0.2%, reaching 1.57 million tons.

The sulphide, sulphite and sulphate segment is of strategic importance for a range of industries. Products are actively used in the chemical industry, metallurgy, pulp and paper production. The textile sector also applies these chemical compounds. Substances are in demand in environmental technologies and pharmaceutical developments.

The stability of production volumes remains the most important indicator of the state of the Russian industrial sector. In the context of global competition and growing requirements for product quality, domestic enterprises continue to modernize their capacities. Companies are introducing new technologies for processing raw materials and reducing the cost of production.

The main areas of use of chemical compounds include the production of chemicals and catalysts. Substances are used for processing ores and metallurgical processes. They are necessary for the production of paper and textiles. Sulfites and sulfates are used for wastewater treatment and environmental projects. Pharmaceutical developments and medicine also employ these compounds.

These areas demonstrate stable demand. This keeps production volumes relatively high. The chemical industry retains the need for these products for different processes.^[12]

Wholesale sales of adhesives in Russia for the year decreased by 13.1% to ₽12,5 billion

The volume of glue production in Russia decreased by 13.1% and amounted to ₽12,5 billion at the end of 2024. This is evidenced by the data of the analytical company Alto Consulting Group, released in October 2025.

The figure fell from ₽14,4 billion in 2023 to ₽12,5 billion in 2024. The company's analysts calculated the given values ​ ​ based on official statistics. In 2022, production reached ₽17,2 billion, which means a two-year market decline.

The volume of wholesale sales of adhesive materials in Russia decreased by 13.1% over the year, amounting to 12.5 billion rubles

The Central Federal District remains the largest producer of adhesives in the country. According to the Alto Consulting Group, it accounts for 48.8% of the all-Russian volume, which is equivalent to ₽6,1 billion. The Southern Federal District ranks second with 29.1% of total production.

The Volga Federal District produces 15.1% of the adhesives of the all-Russian volume. The Northwestern Federal District provides 4.9% of production. The Ural Federal District accounts for 0.7% of output. The Siberian Federal District produces 0.7% of its products.

The adhesives market shows multidirectional dynamics in various segments. The production of animal adhesives showed an increase of 5.4% in 2024. The output of this category of products reached 13.6 thousand tons against 12.9 thousand tons in 2023.

The geography of animal adhesives production differs significantly from the overall market structure. The Volga Federal District dominates this segment with a share of 89.2%, which is 12.1 thousand tons. The Central Federal District holds 6.1% of the animal adhesives market.

The Southern Federal District produces 3.1% of animal adhesives. The Northwestern Federal District accounts for 0.5%. The Siberian Federal District provides 0.5% of production. The Ural Federal District produces 0.1% of the products of this category.

The dynamics of adhesives production in value terms shows market instability. In 2021, the volume was ₽13,4 billion. In 2022, production grew by 28.2% to ₽17,2 billion. In 2023, a decline of 16.3% to ₽14,4 billion followed.^[13]

In Russia, the production of carnallite used in data center cooling systems decreased by 3.8% over the year to 369.9 thousand tons.

In 2024, the volume of carnallite production in Russia decreased to 369.9 thousand tons. The figure decreased by 3.8% compared to the results of 2023. This is evidenced by the data of the analytical company Alto Consulting Group, released in October 2025.

The Volga Federal District retained its dominant position in the production structure. The region provided 100% of the total output of carnallite. This mineral is used in various industries, including data center cooling systems.

In Russia, the production of carnallite used in data center cooling systems decreased by 3.8% over the year

Carnallite is an important mineral with potassium, magnesium and sodium chlorides. It is used in the production of potash fertilizers for agriculture. The chemical industry uses raw materials to produce magnesium compounds. Metallurgical enterprises purchase carnallite for the manufacture of light alloys.

The decrease in production volumes in 2024 is due to several reasons. The dynamics were influenced by changes in demand for potash fertilizers. Planned modernization of production facilities was carried out. Fluctuations in the global mineral resources market were noted.

The Volga Federal District has a developed raw material base for the extraction of carnallite. Large processing enterprises are concentrated in the region. Developed transport infrastructure ensures efficient logistics of finished products.

The carnallite market is affected by various external and internal factors. Global demand for potash fertilizers continues to grow steadily. Currency fluctuations affect export prices of products. Investment programs are aimed at modernizing production facilities.

Analysts at Alto Consulting Group predict moderate production growth in the long term. The implementation of new projects will increase production volumes. The expansion of export supplies will strengthen the position of Russian producers.^[14]

The production of silicon dioxide used in electronics in Russia over the year increased by 2.4% and reached 17.2 thousand tons

Silicon dioxide production in Russia in 2024 reached 17.2 thousand tons, which is 2.4% more than in 2023. This was announced by the analytical company Alto Consulting Group in October 2025.

Despite moderate growth, the market maintains a high concentration of production. The Central Federal District provided about 73.6% of the total output. The region remains a key industry hub in the country.

The production of silicon dioxide used in electronics in Russia increased by 2.4% over the year

The increase in silicon dioxide production in 2024 is associated with an increase in demand from several industries. The glass, chemical and construction industries have increased demand for products. The development of technological processes at large industrial sites also supported the dynamics.

Production is subject to seasonal fluctuations. The influence of prices on raw materials forms the dynamics of the industry. Manufacturers adapt output to changes in market conditions.

The main factors determine the growth of silicon dioxide production in 2024:

• stable demand from the glass industry and manufacturers of building materials;
• investment in modernizing production lines to improve efficiency and reduce production costs;
• centralization of production in the Central Federal District, where large enterprises with a high technological level are concentrated;
• export growth due to demand for silicas in the markets of neighboring countries;
• technological update, including the introduction of automated quality control systems and optimization of production processes.

The glass industry consumes significant volumes of silica. The material is used in the production of various types of glass. Construction companies use products to make materials. Demand forms a stable base for the development of the industry.^[15]

An increase in the production of artificial corundum used in electronics by 10.6% to 100 thousand tons

The production of artificial corundum in Russia in 2024 reached 99.6 thousand tons, which is 10.6% higher than in 2023. This was announced by the analytical company Alto Consulting Group in October 2025.

The result reflects the industry's steady growth. Increased demand for high-quality abrasives for industrial applications has supported the momentum. Products are used in electronics, optics and metallurgical processes.

In Russia, the production of artificial corundum used in electronics over the year increased by 10.6% and reached 100 thousand tons

The regional leader of production was the Northwestern Federal District. The region accounted for 68.6% of the total production of artificial corundum. The high concentration of production capacity in the district is explained by several factors.

The Northwestern Federal District has a developed infrastructure. The region is provided with qualified labor for industrial production. Technologically equipped enterprises are capable of producing high-quality products. The raw material infrastructure maintains the stability of production.

The Central and Volga Federal Districts provide additional release. The regions focus on small specialized capacities. Other counties play a supporting role in the overall production structure.

Manufacturers in other regions supply products for local consumption. Small businesses provide for the needs of local consumers. The structure emphasizes the importance of the Northwest as a strategic center for the production of artificial corundum.

The growth in the production of artificial corundum in Russia in 2024 was due to a set of factors. Several drivers have identified positive industry dynamics. Demand from key consumers spurred an increase in output.

The main growth factors for the production of artificial corundum:

• increasing demand for abrasive materials from mechanical engineering, metalworking and electronics;
• investment in process lines that have improved efficiency and output;
• development of the domestic market, which reduced dependence on imports of high-quality abrasives;
• export potential - the growth of supplies to the CIS countries and Asia stimulated an increase in production volumes;
• modernization of production facilities and introduction of innovative technologies.^[16]

7.3% increase in production of fatty acids for cosmetics to 1.2 million tons

Fatty acid production in Russia in 2024 amounted to 1.22 million tons, which is 7.3% more than in 2023. This was announced by the analytical company Alto Consulting Group in October 2025.

The values are calculated by company analysts based on official statistics. Production growth continued for the third year in a row. The industry is showing steady positive development dynamics.

Polycarboxylic aromatic acids account for the largest share of fatty acid production in Russia in 2024. This category also includes carboxylic acids with additional oxygen-containing functional groups and derivatives thereof. The exception is salicylic acid and its salts.

The production volume of this category amounted to 451.2 thousand tons. The share in the total volume reaches 37.1%. This group of products occupies a leading position in the fatty acid release structure.

The second position is occupied by unsaturated monocarboxylic acids. This category accounts for 30.6% of total production. The proportion also includes cycloalkane, cycloalkene or cycloterpene acyclic polycarboxylic and derivatives of these compounds.

Saturated acyclic monocarboxylic acids and their derivatives rank third. The share of this category is 27.4% of the total production. The three main groups provide 95.1% of the country's total fatty acid output.

Production dynamics for the period from 2021 to 2024 shows stable growth. In 2021, the output was 1.01 million tons. In 2022, production grew by 6.5% and reached 1.07 million tons.

In 2023, output increased by 5.5% to 1.13 million tonnes. Growth accelerated to 7.3% in 2024 and output reached 1.22 million tonnes. The annual increase indicates the development of the industry.

The production structure by fatty acid species remains relatively stable. In 2021, polycarboxylic aromatic acids accounted for 38.1% of the market. In 2022, the share decreased to 37.6%. In 2023, the figure was 38.0%. In 2024, the share was set at 37.1%.^[17]

The production of synthetic fabrics in Russia for the year decreased by 2.9% to 458.7 million square meters. m.

The production of synthetic fabrics in Russia in 2024 amounted to 458.7 million square meters, which is 2.9% lower than in 2023. This was announced by the analytical company Alto Consulting Group in October 2025.

Despite the decline, the industry remains of strategic importance for the domestic textile complex. The production of synthetic fabrics continues to be one of the key areas in the light industry segment of Russia.

The production of synthetic fabrics in Russia for the year decreased to 458.7 million square meters. m

The Central Federal District traditionally holds the position of leader in the industry. The region provides about 35.2% of the total production of synthetic fabrics. The Central Federal District is characterized by a high concentration of textile enterprises, equipment modernization and the active introduction of innovative technologies.

Analysts at Alto Consulting Group have identified the main reasons for the reduction in the production of synthetic fabrics in 2024:

• reduction of export orders for Russian products; - partial reorientation of manufacturers to the domestic market; - changes in demand in the domestic market; - restrictions on the supply of polymer raw materials for production.

Synthetic fabrics represent one of the most technologically advanced and popular segments of the textile industry in Russia. Production relies on modern polymer materials. They provide products with high strength, wear resistance and resistance to external influences.

The main types of fabrics produced by domestic enterprises are materials based on polyester, nylon, acrylic and polypropylene. The share of these materials in the total volume is more than 85%. Manufacturers are mastering various types of synthetic fibers to meet the needs of various industries.^[18]

Growth in the production of monocarboxylic acids for cosmetics by 6.2% to 363.4 thousand tons

The production of unsaturated monocarboxylic acids in Russia in 2024 reached 363.4 thousand tons, which is 6.2% more than in 2023. The main center of production is the Volga Federal District, which provides about 87.7% of total output. The growth is due to the expansion of domestic demand for chemical intermediates used in the production of plastics, resins, pharmaceutical and cosmetic components. This was announced by the analytical company Alto Consulting Group in October 2025.

This product category includes unsaturated acyclic and cyclic acids, as well as their derivatives, which are key elements of chemical synthesis in related industries. The concentration of production facilities in the Volga Federal District is explained by the presence of full-cycle chemical enterprises, sustainable logistics and a developed infrastructure for processing hydrocarbons. Plants specializing in deep processing of oil and gas operate in the region, where unsaturated acids are an important by-product.

Production of monocarboxylic acids for cosmetics in Russia increased by 6.2% and reached 363.4 thousand tons

Modern production of unsaturated monocarboxylic acids is a complex technological process based on catalysis, oxidation and controlled synthesis of organic compounds. Acids used for the production of plasticizers, synthetic fibers, monomers and surfactants remain the most popular on the market. Major product groups include acyclic unsaturated acids, including acrylic and methacrylic acids, cycloalkanoic and cycloalkenic acids, cycloterpenic compounds and derivatives thereof, polycarboxylic acids, and chemical intermediates for organic synthesis.^[19]

Increase in production of propylene glycol for drugs and cosmetics by 7% to 1.4 thousand tons

Propylene glycol production in Russia in 2024 amounted to 1.4 thousand tons, which is 7.0% more than in 2023. The result demonstrates a steady recovery in the industry after a period of volatility in 2022-2023, when rising commodity prices and logistical constraints constrained the development of the domestic market. Propylene glycol is one of the key products of organic synthesis, widely used in the chemical, food, pharmaceutical and cosmetic industries. This was announced by the analytical company Alto Consulting Group in October 2025.

The main center of production is the Volga Federal District, which forms about 54.1% of the total output. This is due to the concentration of large chemical complexes and access to the petrochemical feedstock required to produce propylene glycol by hydrating propylene. The high degree of vertical integration of enterprises in the region allows you to reduce costs and ensure stable supplies to the domestic market.

The production of propylene glycol for drugs and cosmetics in Russia over the year increased by 7%

The production of propylene glycol in Russia in recent years has shown a tendency to gradually increase volumes, despite the technological complexity of processes and dependence on imported catalysts. The positive dynamics of 2024 reflects the growth of demand from several industries - primarily food and pharmaceutical, where the substance is used as a solvent, stabilizer and moisture-binding component.

The main directions of propylene glycol use:

• Production of antifreezes and coolants in the automotive and power industries.
• Making cosmetics, including creams, shampoos and lotions.
• Use in pharmaceutical formulas as a safe solvent.
• Use in the food industry as a Ye1520 additive.
• Production of polyester resins and plasticizers.

The demand from the segment of heat carriers and cooling liquids is growing most actively in 2024, which is associated with an increase in the volume of construction and modernization of heating systems.^[20]

Growth in sales of white soot for the production of toothpaste, paints and tires by 10% to 4.2 thousand tons

According to the "Analysis of the market for precipitated silicon dioxide (white soot) in Russia," prepared by BusinesStat in October 2025, in 2024 its production in the country increased by 10% to 4.2 thousand tons. Precipitated silicon dioxide is used in the production of a wide range of products - from automotive tires and paints to toothpastes and animal feed.

Despite high demand, its own production of white soot is significantly inferior to imports. Imported products more often have a higher degree of purification than their Russian counterparts.^[21]

Reduction of bromine production by 8.3% to 6.5 thousand tons

Bromine production in Russia amounted to 6.5 thousand tons in 2024. The indicator was 8.3% lower than the previous year. The main producing region remains the Southern Federal District, which forms almost 100% of the total output. The result indicates a high concentration of production and the dependence of the industry on a limited number of production sites. This was announced by Alto Consulting Group on September 30, 2025.

The bromine market is one of the strategically important for the chemical industry of Russia. The industry maintains sustainable potential due to the application of products in a number of key sectors of the economy. Bromine is used in petrochemicals and metallurgy. The substance is used in medicine and the production of polymers.

Bromine production in Russia for the year decreased by 8.3% to 6.5 thousand tons

Analysts highlight several major trends in recent years in the bromine market. Production volumes are declining amid reduced demand from individual industrial segments. The role of the Southern Federal District, where the largest production facilities are concentrated, is strengthening. Interest in deep processing of bromine-containing raw materials is growing.

Competition from foreign suppliers is increasing. The focus on high value-added products is gradually shifting. These factors determine the further development of the market and strategy of companies operating in this segment of the chemical industry.

Bromine in Russia is used in a wide range of industries. The dynamics of its production is closely related to the industrial needs of the economy. The development of the petrochemical industry affects demand, as bromine is used to produce drilling fluids. The substance is used in fire-resistant materials in demand in construction and mechanical engineering.

The importance of medical use of bromine is growing. The element is part of medicines and antiseptics. Logistical barriers and dependence on raw material prices have an impact on the industry. Competition from global producers from Asia and the Middle East creates additional pressure on Russian market participants.^[22]

Reduction in the production of inorganic acids in Russia by 3.4% to 954.2 thousand tons

In 2024, the production of inorganic acids in Russia amounted to 954.2 thousand tons, which turned out to be 3.4% lower than the level of 2023. Despite the reduction in output, the market remains of strategic importance for the country's industry. The main leading region was the Southern Federal District, which provided about 83.5% of the total production, which indicates its high concentration and infrastructure capacity. The data in October 2025 is published on the website of Alto Consulting Group (ACG).^[23]

Increase in production of aminaldehyde, phenoloaldehyde and polyurethane resins for electronics by 8.2% to 516.7 thousand tons

The volume of production of aminaldehyde, phenoloaldehyde and polyurethane resins in Russia reached 516.7 thousand tons in 2024. The indicator increased by 8.2% compared to the previous year. The growth is indicative of the expansion of the chemical industry and active demand for primary resins in the domestic market and for exports. The Central Federal District led production with a 53.1% share of total output. This is evidenced by data from a study by Alto Consulting Group, published in early October 2025.

The concentration of production facilities in the Central District is explained by the presence of large chemical plants. Enterprises provide high efficiency and technological reliability of production. The region has a developed infrastructure for the chemical industry. Proximity to the main markets creates logistical advantages for manufacturers.

The production of resins for electronics in Russia for the year increased by 8.2%

The production of resins in primary forms is of strategic importance for many sectors of the economy. Products are used in the production of building materials. Resins are used to create paint coatings. Materials are required for the release of electrical insulation products. Chemical products are in demand in other industrial segments.

The demand for resins is determined by the internal needs of the Russian industry. The country's export capabilities also affect the dynamics of production. The paint industry uses resins to ensure the strength and durability of coatings. The materials impart protective properties to the finish layers on various surfaces.

Phenoloaldehyde and polyurethane resins are used in electrical insulation and electronics. Materials are part of insulating composites for electrical products. Building materials are manufactured using aminaldehyde resins. They are necessary for the production of particle boards, adhesives and foams. Industrial production uses resins as part of adhesive and packaging solutions.^[24]

Exports of chemical products from Russia for the year decreased by 6% to $23.6 billion

In 2024, the export of chemical products from Russia in monetary terms amounted to $23.6 billion. For comparison, a year earlier, the indicator was at the level of $25.1 billion. Thus, a drop of about 6% was recorded. This is stated in the "Forecast of the socio-economic development of the Russian Federation for 2026 and for the planning period 2027 and 2028," published at the end of September 2025.

The products of the chemical complex include fertilizers, dyes, essential oils, perfumes, detergents, lubricants, adhesives, products of inorganic and organic chemistry, pharmaceuticals, as well as plastics, rubber, rubber and products made of them.

The volume of exports of chemical products from Russia decreased by 6% over the year, amounting to $23.6 billion.

In 2024, in the segment of chemical products, mineral fertilizers produced in Russia were in greatest demand among foreign customers. Their share in the total export volume in value terms exceeded 33%. According to the agency Metals & Mining Intelligence (MMI), cited by the Vedomosti newspaper, the export of fertilizers from Russia in 2024 amounted to 42 million tons, which is 13% more than in the previous year. Year-on-year potash exports jumped 31% to 13.3 million tonnes. Shipments of the main fertilizer of the nitrogen group - urea - increased by 4% over the year, reaching 9.7 million tons. Exports of ammonium nitrate decreased by 5%, amounting to 3.4 million tons, while supplies of phosphate fertilizers fell by 3%, to 4.8 million tons.

In 2025, sales of products of the Russian chemical complex abroad are expected to rise in monetary terms to $27.9 billion. In the future, the growth of export supplies will continue at a moderate pace, which will be mainly due to the continuation of the formation of new supply chains and access to new markets.^[25]

Largest methanol producers: Shchekinoazot, Metafrax, Gazprom methanol

In March 2025, Kept published a review with a rating of methanol producers for 2024 in Russia. The leading positions in 2024 are occupied by companies: Shchekinoazot, Metafrax, Gazprom Methanol.

75% of methanol production capacities in Russia are concentrated in the Volga and Central Federal Districts - in the logistics accessibility zone for railway supplies to Russian enterprises and export terminals of the western direction.^[26]

Chemical production in Moscow increased by 14.7% over the year and reached ₽289 billion

The turnover of Moscow manufacturers of chemical products in 2024 amounted to ₽289 billion, which is 14.7% more than in 2023 in comparable prices. Such data on March 17, 2025 was presented by the Department of Economic Policy and Development of the city of Moscow. Read more here.

Growth in the production of chemicals and chemical products in Russia by 14.3% to 6.33 trillion rubles

At the end of 2024, the production of chemicals and chemical products in Russia in monetary terms reached 6.33 trillion rubles. This is 14.3% more compared to 2023, when the market volume was estimated at 5.54 trillion rubles. Such indicators are reflected in the Rosstat report, which TAdviser got acquainted with at the end of February 2025.

The study says that in 2024 the production of paints and varnishes, as well as art and printing paints, increased significantly: 687 thousand tons of such products were made, which is 12.8% more compared to 2023. The production of means for deodorization and aromatization of air in the premises rose by 14.9% - to 231 million units. The annual production of mineral and chemical fertilizers (in terms of 100% nutrients) rose by 9%, reaching 28.26 million tons.

Chemical production in Russia increased by 14.3% over the year

The volume of plastic production in primary forms in 2024 rose by 1% - to 10.91 million tons. The production of synthetic rubbers in primary forms increased by 4.1% on an annualized basis with a final result of 1.44 million tons. Fungicides (chemicals to combat fungal plant diseases) showed an increase of 14.4% - up to 40.2 thousand tons. The production of artificial fibers increased by about 18.5% compared to 2023 with a total of 12 thousand tons. In 2024, 1.37 million tons of benzenes were produced, which is 3.9% more than the previous year.

At the same time, a drop in production volumes was recorded in such product categories as disodium carbonate (sodium carbonate, soda calcined), herbicides, polymer-based paints and varnishes, solid toilet soap and detergents, synthetic fibers, gas industrial sulfur, etc.^[27]

Production of small and medium-tonnage chemistry for the year increased by 13% and reached ₽420 billion

The Ministry of Industry and Trade of Russia at the end of January 2025 announced an increase in the volume of production of small and medium-tonnage chemical products by 13% in 2024, reaching ₽420 billion.

According to Business Gazeta, in 2023 the production of these products amounted to 4.6 million tons, which is 26% higher than in 2020. In monetary terms, production reached ₽370 billion, exceeding the level of 2020 by 60%.

Chemical production in Russia increased by 13% over the year and reached ₽420 billion

Domestic consumption of chemical products in January-November 2024 amounted to 4.8 million tons, which is 14% more than the same period in 2023. The share of imports in consumption has remained at 31% for the past two years.

Import-substituting industries have been created in Russia, which made it possible to almost completely abandon the import of certain types of chemical goods, and for some products to significantly reduce procurement volumes, the Russian Ministry of Industry and Trade said.

According to the ministry, imports of melamine decreased by more than 30 times, maleic anhydride - by 6.5 times, hydrogen peroxide - by 2 times, alkyl ethanolamines - by more than 30%.

Within the framework of the national project "New Materials and Chemistry," 55 technological chains are planned. The federal project "Development of chemical production" includes 23 technological chains in various basic areas.

The key investors of the project will be the largest oil and gas chemical companies: Gazprom Neft, Sibur, Lukoil, Tatneft, Rosneft, Norkem Group of Companies.

In Russia, the production of isopropyl alcohol, melamine, hydrogen peroxide, additives for polymers, superconcentrates, copolymer-acrylic dispersions, feed protein, cable plasticates, chemical plant protection products, adhesives and sealants, polyethylene terephthalate films have been put into operation.^[28]

In Russia, found the "key" to complex inorganic molecules to create new types of sensors

In September 2024, scientists from St. Petersburg State University (St. Petersburg State University) and Tomsk Polytechnic University announced an important discovery related to the use of polyoxomethallates (POM) to create new types of sensors. The researchers applied the concept of "key-lock," developed back in the 19th century, to study complex inorganic molecules and found that iodonium cations can act as a "key" that triggers selective interaction with POM. This discovery opens up opportunities for the creation of materials with unique properties and the development of new catalysts, which will allow them to be used in various fields of science and technology.

According to Rambler, the work of scientists is based on the principle proposed in 1894 by the German scientist Emil Fisher, who noted that biological catalysts interact with molecules like a key and a lock. This mechanism is still actively used in chemistry, and scientists have now been able to adapt it to inorganic compounds. Studies have shown that polyoxomethallates -- anions of complex inorganic molecules -- exhibit a selective interaction with iodonium cations that can be described in key-lock terms. This selectivity, as noted by Academician of the Russian Academy of Sciences Vadim Kukushkin, manifests itself only for one of the POM isomers, which is due to the formation of halogen bonds.

Found "key" to complex inorganic molecules to create new types of sensors

According to Kukushkin, halogen bonds have recently attracted great attention of scientists due to their unique properties and capabilities for creating new materials. These connections provide structures with precise configuration and characteristics, which is especially important for the development of sensors capable of selectively recognizing certain ions in solution. In addition, such systems can become the basis for creating more efficient and selective catalysts, which opens up prospects for their use in industry.^[29]

2023

9% increase in polymer production

The volume of polymer processing in Russia increased by 9% in 2023, reaching record levels in the face of growing domestic demand. This became known in early December 2024.

Polymers are substances that consist of a variety of monomers. These include polyethylene, polyurethane, polyamide, polyvinyl chloride, polystyrene, polypropylene, etc. Polymers are widely used in the oil and gas industry, medicine, construction, automotive and food industries.

Polymer production in Russia increased by 9% over the year

SIBUR General Director Mikhail Karisalov noted that the rate of development of polymer processing continues to exceed the country's GDP growth rate, although in 2024 there is a slight slowdown in dynamics.

According to the Siberian-Ural Oil and Gas Chemical Company, which produces basic polymers, rubbers, plastics and organic synthesis products, 8 million tons of oil and gas chemistry products were produced in 2023, excluding hydrocarbons.

According to the publication, there are structural changes in demand in the industry: after the decline in tire production among consumers of synthetic rubber in 2022-2023, the automotive industry recovered, while the construction sector shows the opposite dynamics.

Significant growth is shown by the online trading segment, which requires a significant amount of packaging materials. In addition, it is expected to increase demand from the housing and communal services after the adoption of the new GOST, which allows the use of polymer pipes with a service life of up to 100 years.

The head of SIBUR emphasized the sustainability of the aggregate demand for polymers in Russia, noting that the decrease in consumption in some sectors is offset by growth in other industries.

The development of the polymer industry is supported by the expansion of the use of materials and technological improvement of production. New quality standards and increasing the life of polymer products open up additional opportunities for market growth.^[30]

Chemical products production growth by 4.6%

The production of chemicals and products in Russia in 2023 increased by 4.6% compared to 2022. Such data in November 2024 leads Rosstat in its report.

As specified, in December 2023, the production of chemical products increased by 6.1% compared to December 2022 and by 3.5% compared to November 2023. This growth indicates a recovery in the industry and an increase in demand for chemical products.

Chemical production in Russia increased by 4.6% over the year

The output of plastics in primary forms for 2023 amounted to 10.7 million tons, an increase of 3.7% compared to 2022. In December, 928 thousand tons of these products were produced, which is 6.3% more than in December 2022, and 1.5% more than in November 2023.

According to Rosstat, the production of rubber and plastic products for the year increased by 9.2% compared to 2022. However, in December 2023, a decrease in volumes was recorded by 4.6% compared to November. At the same time, the production of these products in December was 7.1% higher than in December 2022.

Synthetic rubbers in primary forms in 2023 produced 1.4 million tons, which is 1.9% less than a year earlier. However, the December indicators show significant growth: 134 thousand tons of these products were produced for the month, which is 32.3% more than in December 2022, and 7.4% more than in November 2023.

The production of chemical fibers in 2023 amounted to 182 thousand tons, a decrease of 8.8% compared to 2022. Nevertheless, in December there was an increase in output by 6.8% compared to November.

Artificial fibers were produced 10.6 thousand tons per year, which is 5.3% less than in 2022. In December 2023, the volume of production of these products increased by 46.4% compared to December 2022, amounting to 978 tons^[31]

Metafrax Chemicals has occupied a third of the Russian methanol market

Metafrax Chemicals published its 2023 report, according to which its share in the Russian methanol market in 2023 reached 31%, an increase from 25% compared to the previous period. The company has strengthened the position of the second largest manufacturer in the country.

By the end of 2023, there were nine methanol producers in Russia with a total capacity of more than 5 million tons per year. The market leader remains OKH Shchekinoazot with three units with a total capacity of 1.5 million tons. Metafrax Chemicals has a capacity of 1.15 million tons, followed by Togliattiazot (1 million tons) and Gazpromtrans (900 thousand tons).

Metafrax Chemicals took a third of the methanol market in Russia

Lola Ogrel, project manager of the Fuel and Energy Complex Analytical Center, notes that the total utilization of production capacity in the industry decreased to 70% in 2023 against 81% in 2022 due to sanctions restrictions and a ban on supplies to Europe. The capacity surplus amounted to 1.65 million tons.

The total volume of methanol production in Russia in 2023 decreased by 13.7% to 3.88 million tons. Domestic consumption, excluding producers' own processing, amounted to 1.5 million tons, having decreased by 200 thousand tons from 2021.

Metafrax Chemicals is also the country's only producer of pentaerythritol and urotropine. In 2023, the company began production of melamine and urea, taking 35% and 6% of the market for these products, respectively.

Methanol exports from Russia in 2023 decreased by 29% to 1.5 million tons. Almost half of the export supplies (730 thousand tons) were sent to China, where Russian methanol began to be supplied only in 2022. The reorientation to eastern markets is complicated by logistics costs and lower sales prices.

The Ministry of Industry and Trade of Russia is developing a strategy for the development of the methanol industry aimed at increasing export supplies to the countries of the Asia-Pacific region, Turkey and India.^[32]

Growth of investments in the chemical complex by 13% to 900 billion rubles

In 2023, about 900 billion rubles were invested in the chemical industry of Russia against 796 billion rubles a year earlier. Daria Shevyakina, deputy director of the chemical industry department of the Ministry of Industry and Trade, announced an increase in investments by 13% on January 23, 2024.

Investment activity in the chemical complex continues. In the past [2023], net investments amounted to almost 1 trillion rubles... 16 new investment projects have been implemented. Therefore, in principle, we can say that chemists overcome crisis situations quite stubbornly, despite the entire geopolitical situation, "she said (quoted by Interfax), speaking at one of the forums.

From the presentation of Shevyakina it follows that the size of state support for Russian enterprises of the chemical complex in 2023 reached 34.9 billion rubles, an increase of 1.2% on an annualized basis (in 2022 it was 34.47 billion rubles). The Industrial Development Fund in 2023 issued loans to chemical enterprises of 12.5 billion rubles. Another 1.9 billion rubles of state support fell on compensation for the costs of research and design work (NIKOR).

It is also reported that the consumption of products of the Russian chemical complex in 2023 increased by 11.6%, to 8.34 trillion rubles. This indicator was achieved due to the growth in the production of plastic products. The production of pipes, hoses and fittings made of plastics increased by 9%, plates and polymer films - by 10%, packaging plastic products - by 15%, bottles - by 20%.

At the end of 2023, we added well in terms of chemical consumption. Obviously, consuming industries, related industries, such as aviation, construction and many others, have reoriented to a greater extent to Russian suppliers with a slight increase in imports, - said the deputy director of the chemical industry department of the Ministry of Industry and Trade.[33]

2022: Reduction in sulphur exports by 32% to 1.23 million tonnes

By the end of 2022, sulfur exports from Russia decreased by 32% compared to 2021 - to 1.23 million tons. This is evidenced by the data of the analytical company BusinesStat, released at the end of December 2023.

Experts, speaking about the reasons for the fall in Russian sulfur supplies abroad, noted the problems of market participants with logistics, ship freight, payment and insurance.

In August 2022, the Government of the Russian Federation established a quota for sulfur exports in the amount of 1.1 million tons for the period from August 10 to December 31, 2022. This measure was aimed at providing raw materials to domestic producers of mineral fertilizers. In December 2022, the size of the quota was increased to 1.6 million tons. As a result, Russian gas and oil refining companies had the opportunity to send additional volumes of sulfur for export. However, at the end of 2022, foreign supplies decreased. At the end of 2022, the government raised the quota for sulfur exports by 500 thousand tons - up to 1.6 million tons.

The study also says that during 2018-2021, sulfur exports from Russia mainly decreased. The exception was 2019, when supplies increased by 30%: from 3.08 to 3.99 million tons. The reason was the multiple increase in exports to Morocco. In 2020-2021. a decrease in demand, a decrease in production and logistical problems amid the pandemic led to a reduction in the export of Russian sulfur to almost all countries. For 2019-2021, foreign supplies decreased by 55%: from 3.99 to 1.81 million tons.

According to the Federal Antimonopoly Service, 80% of sulfur in industry goes to the production of sulfuric acid, and almost 80% of sulfuric acid goes to the production of mineral fertilizers.^[34]

Notes