Cancer vaccines

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Enteromix (cancer vaccine)

Main article: Enteromix (cancer vaccine)

Chronicle

2024

First bacterial cancer vaccine created

On October 16, 2024, American researchers from Columbia University announced the development of the first bacterial vaccine to combat malignant formations. The tool, according to the authors of the work, can be personalized to attack the primary tumor and metastases of each particular patient and can even prevent future relapses. Read more here

Gamaleya Center: A vaccine against any cancer has been created in Russia

In Russia, the development of a vaccine on a universal technology for the therapy of all types of cancer has been completed. As noted on June 7, 2024, Academician of the Russian Academy of Sciences, head of the Center named after Gamaleya Alexander Gintsburg, the vaccine has already successfully passed the first tests on mice with vaccinated melanoma.

A vaccine is being created that allows you to solve literally all the problems of oncology. For each cancer patient, the drug will be made individually, taking into account mutations in the cells of his tumor, "he explained.

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The development of a unique domestic technology is carried out jointly with two leading oncological centers of the country - the Oncology Institute named after Herzen and the National Medical Research Center of Oncology named after Blokhin with the participation of scientists from Sirius. As Gunzburg said, by biopsy of tumors, mutations specific for it will be determined, and then the design of the mRNA encoding "neoantigens" will be reconstructed. Such a vaccine introduced into the body will allow the immune system to develop protection against these mutant proteins.

According to him, now the process of creating an individual vaccine takes about a month, but scientists are working to significantly reduce this period. In experiments in mice, the therapeutic vaccine has already demonstrated high efficacy.

According to the academician, on the 15th day, scientists saw a large difference in tumor size between vaccinated and unvaccinated animals. As a result, the unvaccinated died between 19 and 22 days. And the vaccinated animals are still alive.

Work on the revolutionary project is being carried out on behalf of Russian President Vladimir Putin and with the financial support of the Ministry of Health. According to Gunzburg, it is planned to build a special module with an area of ​ ​ 500-600 square meters for the synthesis of drugs in GMP conditions, followed by transfer to the National Medical Research Center named after Herzen and Blokhin.^[1]

FMBA head: Cancer vaccines will be used in one and a half to two years

Cancer vaccines developed by the Federal Biomedical Agency (FMBA) can be introduced into clinical practice in one and a half to two years. This was announced on June 5, 2024 by the head of the FMBA Veronika Skvortsova.

Skvortsova clarified that the agency's developments are aimed at creating vaccines against colorectal cancer, malignant melanomas and glioblasts. She stressed that Russian scientists are in step with the global scientific community, creating peptide, RNA, vector and cell vaccines. These drugs take into account the individual molecular features of each patient's tumor and help their immune system fight the tumor.

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FMBA of Russia

These vaccines will help the immune system of the patient himself fight the tumor. I think that in one and a half to two years, oncovaccins will already be able to find a wide clinical application, "Skvortsova said.

However, for the widespread use of these vaccines, it is necessary to amend Russian legislation, since these drugs are individual in nature. According to Skvortsova, the corresponding amendments proposed by the FMBA will enter into force in September 2024. These changes will allow the production and use of variable formulations that will be manufactured in the same institutions where patients are located.

Skvortsova emphasized the importance of these changes for the successful introduction of vaccines into clinical practice. She noted that new legislative measures will allow Russian medical institutions to accelerate the process of production and use of vaccines, which will be a significant step in the fight against cancer in the country.

The head of the agency is confident that the introduction of such vaccines will be a breakthrough in medicine, and stressed the importance of international cooperation in this area. According to her, Russian scientists are keeping pace with the global scientific community, actively developing innovative methods of treating cancer. The introduction of oncovaccine will significantly increase the effectiveness of treatment and improve the quality of life of patients suffering from cancer.^[2]

2022: Moderna has created a vaccine against skin cancer. It reduces the risk of death or recurrence of the disease by 44%

In mid-December 2022, Moderna announced the preliminary results of the second phase of clinical trials of the RNA vaccine against melanoma. A study with one and a half hundred sick volunteers shows that the new drug increases the chances of curing aggressive skin cancer by almost 50%. Merck also participated in the creation of the vaccine. Read more here.

2021: Vaccine against any cancer based on tumor DNA successfully passed the first phase of trials

In mid-April 2021, it became known that the vaccine against any cancer based on tumor DNA successfully passed the first phase of testing. The personalized cancer vaccine developed by the company Mount Sinai did not cause safety concerns and demonstrated beneficial effects in patients with a variety of cancers, including and lung cancer bladder that have a high risk of recurrence. More. here

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