The main articles are:
GDP
Main article: Canada's GDP
Sovereign Wealth Fund
National debt
2023: State debt - 107% of GDP
Non-financial debt
2022: Aggregate non-financial debt
Inflation
2024
Inflation for 5 years 19%
Accumulated inflation over 5 years in the G-20 countries at the end of 2024:
Argentina: 13,910%
Turkey: 734%
Russia: 46%
Brazil: 35%
India: 34%
Mexico: 31%
South Africa: 28%
Britain: 25%
Holland: 24%
US: 23%
Australia: 21%
Germany: 21%
Spain: 19%
Canada: 19%
Italy: 18%
Singapore: 17%
France: 15%
South Korea: 15%
Indonesia: 15%
Saudi Arabia: 13%
Japan: 9%
Switzerland: 6%
China: 6%
Decrease in inflation to 2% by the middle of the year
Inflation in Canada in August 2024 reached the target level of 2% for the first time since 2021.
2022
Inflation in November - 6.9%
Inflation rises to 7.7% - a record since 1983
Annual inflation in Canada in May 2022 accelerated to 7.7% from 6.8% in April, follows from the data of the country's statistical center. Thus, the figure became a record since January 1983, when annual inflation in Canada was 8.2%.
2021: Inflation rises to 4.8%
Consumer price inflation in Canada reached 4.8% in December 2021, the highest level since 1991.
Key rate
Main article: National Bank of Canada
Stock market
2021: Record IPO volume since 2006
Lending to other countries
2022: Canada increases lending to Ukraine to $1.5 billion
In August 2022, it was announced that Canada would issue a loan to Ukraine for almost $350 million for the purchase of fuel against the backdrop of a military special operation by Russia. After that, the total volume of loans provided by Ottawa to Ukraine will reach $1.5 billion. According to the Rada, the loan is designed for 10 years at 1.6%.
Investments
2021: 1.4 million NFT users
Businessmen
Billionaires and millionaires in Canada
2022
Toronto ranks 12th in the world in the number of millionaires
There are 2.032 million millionaires in the country
2021: The richest 1 % of citizens account for 25% of the country's wealth
2020: 9th in the world in the number of billionaires - 44
Mining
Diamond mining
2022: Diamond production - 16.2 million carats worth $1.9 billion
Uranium ore mining
2023
2022: World No. 2 in uranium mining with 7,400 tons
Lithium mining
2022:500 tonnes of lithium produced
The "triangle" of South America and Mexico as of April 2022 accounts for 60% of the world's lithium deposits.
Oil production
2025: 4th in the world in terms of oil reserves
Oil reserves in countries of the world (billion barrels), according to Bloomberg as of February 2025:
Venezuela: 303.8 Saudi Arabia: 258.6 Iran: 208.6 Canada: 170.3 Iraq: 145 Kuwait: 101.5 UAE: 97.8 Russia: 80 Libya: 48.3 UNITED STATES: 47.1 Nigeria: 36.8 Kazakhstan: 30 China: 26 Qatar: 25.2 Brazil: 12.7
2023: Plan to complete Trans Mountain oil pipeline expansion
Canada, where the world's third largest oil fields are located, plans to complete the expansion of the Trans Mountain pipeline in 2024 and increase transportation by an additional 600 thousand barrels per day - at the level of daily production in Azerbaijan.
Difficulties in drilling the tunnel can lead to a delay in the project until 2024. The project was postponed for many years, and its cost increased due to opposition from environmentalists and indigenous peoples.
2021: Production of 5.4 million bpd
2019: 4th in the world in oil production - 274.9 million tons, or 6.1% of global volume
2025: 8th in the world in rare earth reserves
Countries with the largest reserves of rare earths (in metric tons):
China: 44m Vietnam: 22m Brazil: 21m Russia: 19 million India: 6.9m Australia: 4.2m US: 2.3 million Canada: 830,000 Myanmar: 510,000 Mexico: 290 000
USGS, Mineral Raw Material Summaries, January 2025
2024: World No. 4 cobalt mining - 4,500 tonnes
In 2024, Canada ranked 4th in cobalt mining (4,500 tons). Such data are provided in the Investing News Network, which TAdviser got acquainted with at the end of November 2025. Read more here
2022: Ban on three Chinese companies investing in mining in Canada
November 2, 2022 Canada ordered three Chinese companies to cancel their investments in Canadian companies for the extraction of the most important useful minerals for reasons of national security.
Energy carriers
2021: Gasoline price - $1.22 per litre
Power
NPP
2025:17 nuclear reactors in operation
The number of operating nuclear reactors in countries around the world according to Bloomberg as of February 2025:
- UNITED STATES: 94
- China: 57
- France: 57
- Russia: 36
- South Korea: 26
- India: 20
- Canada: 17
- Ukraine: 15
- Japan: 14
- United Kingdom: 9
- Spain: 7
- Czech Republic: 6
- Pakistan: 6
- Sweden: 6
- Belgium: 5
- Finland: 5
- Slovakia: 5
- Hungary: 4
- Switzerland: 4
- UAE: 4
- Argentina: 3
- Belarus: 2
- Brazil: 2
- Bulgaria: 2
- Mexico: 2
- Romania: 2
- South Africa: 2
- Armenia: 1
- Iran: 1
- Netherlands: 1
- Slovenia: 1
2022: Number of operating reactor plants - 17
2020: Average energy consumption per capita
and
Industry
2021:191 robots for 10,000 employees
Metallurgy
2024: 4th in the world in terms of gold production - 200 tons
2023: Canada's biggest metal producer takeovers in 20 years
R&D
2020: R&D spending - $27.6 billion
Agriculture
2024: World No. 6 for wheat production - 35.9 million metric tons
In early December 2025, TAdviser, based on data from the U.S. Department of Agriculture's (USDA) External Agricultural Information Service, produced an infographic showing a list of countries with the largest wheat production. Canada took the 6th place in wheat production with an indicator of 35.9 million metric tons. Read more here
2021: Share of farmland - 7%
2019: Low use of pesticides in agriculture
Foreign trade
Main article: Canada's Foreign Trade
Tourism
2024: 7th among countries in the world in terms of citizens' spending on tourist trips - $43.3 billion
At the end of September 2025, TAdviser prepared an infographic with a rating of countries whose citizens spend the most money on tourist trips. The material was prepared on the basis of data from the UN World Tourism Organization (UNWTO) and the IMF. Read more here.
2020: Reduction in tourism revenues due to COVID-19 to $11.3 billion
Retail
2024: Canada has large per capita retail space
2021: Online sales accounted for 13.6% of total retail sales
Information Technology and Telecom
Communication
Main Article: Communications (Canadian Market)
Internet in Canada
2022: Internet is used by 91.6% of the population
Data centers
2024:336 data centers
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Astronautics
2022:56 satellites in orbit - 8th in the world
2018: 8th in number of satellites in orbit: 37
Labour market
2023: Rallies of civil servants demanding indexation of salaries and permission to work remotely
On April 19, 2023, the largest strikes of state and municipal service workers in the last 40 years took place in large Canadian cities. The protest was organized by one of the largest trade unions in the country - the Alliance of the Civil Service of Canada.
The protesters seek to index salaries by 4.5% per year over the next three years, and also oppose the adoption of a law on compulsory work.
In turn, the Treasury Council of Canada points out the need for employees to agree on a remote regime with the employer, and also comes only at a three percent indexation of salaries per year.
As a result of rallies of employees of municipal services in the country, the work of commercial seaports, the issuance of passports and visas, as well as the receipt of tax returns were disrupted.
The government promises to make every effort to resolve the problem as soon as possible and come to a mutually beneficial agreement.
2022: Proportion of workers aged 65 or over - above 10%
2020
Pension is provided from 65 years old, the real retirement age for men is 64, for women - 63 years
Canadian authorities compensate companies for 75% of salaries so that they do not fire people
On April 11, 2020, Canada passed a bill to subsidize wages in an attempt to stabilize the economy of the country affected by the COVID-19 coronavirus, which Prime Minister Justin Trudeau called the biggest problem of his generation.
The House of Commons, one of the components of the Canadian Parliament, has agreed on a package of anti-crisis assistance to enterprises affected by the coronavirus. The volume of the program is 73 billion Canadian dollars ($52 billion).
In accordance with the bill, funds will be allocated from the Canadian budget to compensate companies for 75% of salaries so that they do not cut workers. Up to C $847 ($607) per week is allocated for each employee.
Subsidies will be paid within two to five weeks. This should stop a massive wave of cuts: in recent weeks, about 5 million Canadians have applied for emergency material assistance - one in four workers in the country.
 | The front line is everywhere, - said Justin Trudeau, comparing the fight against coronavirus with the war. 'Each of us has a role to play in helping protect our country from the threat it now faces. |  |
The Prime Minister said that Canada has been on the verge of a strong economic downturn since the Great Depression - the economic crisis of 1929 - the late 1930s.
The government will also increase tax breaks for small, medium and large businesses, providing more than $10 billion in additional support. Some enterprises will be able to apply for large loans.
By April 12, 2020, the number of confirmed cases of infection with the new coronavirus in Canada reached 23,301 people, 653 patients died from the disease, the country's Ministry of Health said.[1]
Unemployment
2024
2023: Youth unemployment - 10.2%
2020: Unemployment rate - 9.7%
Incomes and debts of the population
2024: Maximum personal income tax rate - 33%
2023
Households re-credited: their debts are 102% of GDP
Minimum wage - $1545
2022
Real wage growth by a quarter in 22 years
Decrease in real income per employee in the third quarter by 1.2%
in
2019: Real hourly minimum wage - $10.2
The real hourly minimum wage is the statutory minimum wage paid to an employee for one hour worked, adjusted for inflation. Reflects the purchasing power of hourly earnings.
Transport
2025: 5th place in the number of airports among countries of the world - 1459
At the end of September 2025, a rating of the countries with the largest number of airports was published. The rating was formed by the Visual Capitalist resource based on data from the CIA World Factbook, an almanac reference book containing various information about countries around the world. Read more here.
2021:17% of the population use a bike twice a week or more
Real estate
2023
Only 1.4% of housing is available for rent
Lower property prices at the beginning of the year
2022: Property value to family income ratio
2021: Weak growth in residential property construction
Consumption
2023
Tenth place in the world in the number of cars sold - 1.8 million units
Poultry meat is the most consumed type of meat
Notes
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