The main articles are:
Climate
Main article: Climate in Europe
Population
Main article: Estonian population
Cities
Tallinn
Tallinn is the capital of the Republic of Estonia, a major passenger and cargo seaport.
Kohtla-Järve
Kohtla-Järve is an industrial city in northeastern Estonia with a population of 32.5 thousand people, it is the fifth largest city in Estonia. For 2021, 80% of the city's residents are Russians by nationality, Estonians make up 15% of the city's population.
Since the end of May 2021, the city of Kohtla-Järve has become the largest city in Estonia, which does not have a single bank branch. At the end of May, the office finally closed the Swedbank branch.
Citizenship and residence permit
2019: Number of permits with a residence permit per 1000 inhabitants of Estonia
Passport strength
Parliament
2022: Proportion of women in Parliament
Foreign policy
2024: Proposal for 50 countries to give Ukraine the equivalent of 0.25% of GDP for its victory in the conflict with Russia
Allies Ukraine should spend more Russia to win the war, Estonia believes. The country's Prime Minister Kaya Kallas said in January 2024 that "Ukraine still has a path to victory."
Each member of the so-called "Ramstein Group" - more than 50 countries, including all 31 members of the North Atlantic Treaty Organization - should send the equivalent of 0.25% of its GDP to Kyiv annually, she said. According to her, this would raise at least 120 billion euros (131 billion dollars) and "turn the conflict in favor of Ukraine."
2023: Russians denied visas and visits to maintain property
The Constitutional Commission of the Estonian Parliament in May 2023 rejected the collective appeal of Russian citizens, in which they asked to provide Russians who own real estate in Estonia with the opportunity to apply for a visa and visit Estonia to maintain property.
2022: Release of $0.25 billion in military aid to Ukraine
Armed Forces
2024: Military strength: 48,300
2023: Defence spending - 2.9% of GDP
2015: Joining JEF
November 30, 2015 Great Britain in 7 countries -,, Britain Denmark Estonia,,,, and Latvia- Lithuania Netherlands Norway signed an agreement on the establishment. JEF
Economy
Main article: Economy of Estonia
Information Technology
2018: Estonia fails' national cryptocurrency 'project
Estonia, which joined the euro zone in 2011, backed down in its plans to create a national cryptocurrency after criticism from the head of the ECB and the country's banking departments. This was reported in early June 2018 by Bloomberg. Read more here.
Estonian IT market
2021: Founders of the fintech project Wise become the first billionaires in Estonia
Co-founders of the international transfer service Wise Kristo Kaarman and Taavet Hinricus became dollar billionaires after the startup entered the London Stock Exchange on July 7, 2021.
Kaarman and Hinricus became the first Estonians whose fortunes, according to Forbes, exceeded $1 billion. Karman's share of 18.78% makes him the owner of a fortune of $2 billion. Hinricus owns a 10.85% stake worth $1.1 billion.
2020: European tech companies attracting the most investment in 5 years
2018: Largest IT companies
Social media
2019: Percentage of Facebook users of total Internet users
Health care
Education
Literacy rate
Science and Research
2020: Fewer than 5,000 animals used for scientific purposes
Almost 8 million animals are used for scientific purposes in Europe and half of them are laboratory mice and rats.
Culture
Language
Music
Religion
2022
35.1% of the population believes in life after death
10% of the population attends divine services at least once a month
2021:6% of the population say religion is important in their lives
2016: Proportion of believing population
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Sport
2022: The most popular sport is basketball
MEDIA
2022:63% of the population watch TV every day
Crime
2021: Number of intentional murders
and
Prisons
2022: The minimum age for children to be jailed is 14
2018: Number of prisoners
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Death penalty
History
2022
The resignation of Prime Minister Kai Callas and the entire government
On July 14, 2022, Estonian Prime Minister Kaya Kallas announced her resignation. Together with her, the entire government resigned.
Assistance to Ukraine during the special operation of Russia
2021: Estonian consul detained by FSB of Russia in St. Petersburg
On July 6, 2021, Russian FSB officers red-handed detained Estonian consul Mart Lyatt in St. Petersburg when he received closed materials from a Russian. He was declared persona non grata and must leave Russia in 48 hours.
2003: EU accession referendum
Main article: European Union (EU, EU)
1989: Movement of the Baltic republics to leave the USSR
1945: Losses in World War II
Main article: World War II
1940: Joining the USSR
Main article: World War II
On June 3, 1940, the USSR Charge d'Affaires in Lithuania V. Semenov wrote a review note on the situation in Lithuania, in which the Soviet embassy drew Moscow's attention to the Lithuanian government's desire to "fall into the hands of Germany," and to the intensification of "the activities of the German fifth column and arming members of the Union of Shooters," preparation for mobilization. It speaks of "the true intentions of the Lithuanian ruling circles," which, if the conflict is resolved, will only strengthen "their line against the treaty, moving to" business collusion with Germany, waiting only for a convenient moment for a direct strike on the Soviet garrisons. "
On June 4, under the guise of exercises, the troops of the Leningrad, Kalinin and Belorussian Special Military Districts were raised on alarm and began to advance to the borders of the Baltic states.
On June 14, the Soviet government presented an ultimatum to Lithuania, and on June 16 - Latvia and Estonia. In the main features, the meaning of ultimatums coincided - the governments of these states were accused of gross violation of the conditions of the Mutual Assistance Treaties previously concluded with the USSR, and a demand was made to form governments capable of ensuring the implementation of these treaties, as well as allowing additional contingents of troops to enter the territory of these countries. The conditions were accepted.
On June 15, additional contingents of Soviet troops were introduced to Lithuania, and on June 17 - to Estonia and Latvia.
Lithuanian President Antanas Smetona insisted on organizing resistance to Soviet troops, however, having been refused by most of the government, he fled to Germany, and his Latvian and Estonian colleagues - Karlis Ulmanis and Konstantin Päts - went to cooperate with the new government (both were soon repressed), as did Lithuanian Prime Minister Antanas Merkis. In all three countries, Soviet-friendly governments were formed, headed, respectively, by Eustace Paleckis (Lithuania), Johannes Vares (Estonia) and August Kirchenstein (Latvia).
The process of Sovietization of the Baltic countries was monitored by the authorized governments of the USSR - Andrei Zhdanov (in Estonia), Andrei Vyshinsky (in Latvia) and Vladimir Dekanozov (in Lithuania).
The new governments lifted bans on the activities of communist parties and demonstrations, issued pro-Soviet political prisoners and called snap parliamentary elections. At the July 14 votes in all three states, the pro-communist Blocs (Unions) of the working people formally won were the only electoral lists admitted to the elections. According to official data, in Estonia the turnout was 84.1%, while 92.8% of the votes were cast for the Union of the Working People, in Lithuania the turnout was 95.51%, of which 99.19% voted for the Union of the Working People, in Latvia the turnout was 94.8%, 97.8% of the votes were cast for the Block of the Working People.
The newly elected parliaments on July 21-22 proclaimed the creation of the Estonian SSR, the Latvian SSR and the Lithuanian SSR and adopted the Declarations on entry into the USSR. On August 3-6, 1940, in accordance with the decisions of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR, these republics were adopted into the Soviet Union.
From the Lithuanian, Latvian and Estonian armies, Lithuanian (29th rifle), Latvian (24th rifle) and Estonian (22nd rifle) territorial corps were formed, which became part of PribOVO.
1912
1907
1658: As part of Sweden
1618
1610: Witch Hunt
14th century
1260: Possessions of German Knights and Prince Bishops
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Calendar
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