Intelligent transport system of Russia: course - on a national scale

In 2008, the Transport Strategy of the Russian Federation for the period until 2030 was first developed. In the noughties, a change in the nature of global competition covering the markets for goods, services and capital has already become apparent.

The structural restructuring of the world economy began, associated with a change in the balance between economic centers, the increasing role of regional economic unions and the expected spread of new technologies. This entails a change in national and world cargo and passenger traffic, an increase in requirements for the quality of transport services, ensuring the safety and stability of the transport system, the need to significantly increase the competitiveness of the Russian transport system, the text of the strategy emphasized.

Around the same time, the concept of an intelligent transport system (ITS) appeared, which in the initial period was mainly associated with telematic solutions, vehicle monitoring services, etc. In the period 2010-2015. the federal target program "Development of the transport system of Russia" was carried out in the country, which included five subroutines formed according to the sectoral principle: "Roads" "Railway Transport," "Sea Transport," "Inland Water Transport," "Civil Aviation." And 2016 was the beginning of the second stage of the implementation of the transport strategy (2016-2030), associated with the innovative development of the transport system of the Russian Federation in all directions.

Source: 100 achievements of the road industry 2016-2021. Ministry of Transport, Rosavtodor

Another important milestone - July 2021 - the Ministry of Transport of the Russian Federation has begun to implement a strategy for the digital transformation of the transport industry, for which 60 trillion rubles have been allocated. Most of the funds allocated until 2024 will go to railways and highways.

Guidelines for the development of ITS in Russia

Source: concept of the introduction of intelligent transport systems in urban agglomerations, Rosavtodor

The strategy includes six key initiatives of the ministry: "Drones for passengers and cargo," "Green digital passenger corridor," "Seamless cargo logistics," "Digital management of the transport system of the Russian Federation," "Digitalization for transport security," "Digital doubles of transport infrastructure facilities."

For us, the key strategic goals of the document are based on improving the safety of the transport complex, comfort and satisfaction of each passenger with services, as well as reducing logistics inequality for citizens and businesses, "said Kirill Bogdanov, Deputy Minister of Transport of Russia. - The strategy for us is only the first step, the key role - for the implementation of developed directions and initiatives.

Digitalization of the transport system is a powerful incentive for the development of the country's IT sector. According to a study conducted by the Institute for Statistical Research and Knowledge Economics of the Higher School of Economics (ISIEZ HSE), the demand of the transport and logistics industry for advanced digital technologies, which amounted to 89.4 billion rubles in 2020, by 2030 may grow to 626.6 billion rubles, that is, 7 times, with an average annual growth rate of 21%.

Speaking in November 2021 at the next industry forum "Transport Week 2021," Deputy Prime Minister Dmitry Chernyshenko noted that 80% of companies in the transport industry in Russia are already purposefully introducing new business models based on digital technologies, and more than half of transport and logistics enterprises are implementing their own digital transformation strategies, striving to improve the efficiency of their activities.

In general, the digital transformation of the transport complex is only gaining pace, and in the next 3-4 years the list of successfully implemented socially significant projects will increase significantly, - said Deputy Minister of Transport of the Russian Federation Alexei Semenov in an interview with the Transport of Russia newspaper in September 2020.

Our actions will be planned in such a way that our partners and users in Russia do not get into a hopeless situation - these are thousands and thousands of companies, with many of which we have developed warm and even friendly relations, "said Alexander Kuvshinov, director of Wialon.

Source: 100 achievements of the road industry 2016-2021. Ministry of Transport, Rosavtodor

The key areas of digitalization of transport include the following:

• Digital roads and self-driving vehicles. One of the key development trends is the creation of smart roads and smart unmanned vehicles capable of communicating, both with each other (Vehicle-to-Vehicle) and with smart road infrastructure (Vehicle-to-Infrastructure, V2X), as well as with intelligent traffic control systems.
  It is assumed that by 2030 a set of initiatives of the Ministry of Transport will ensure the commercial use of drones in all types of transport for the transportation of passengers and goods. At the same time, goods between Asia and Europe through Russia will be delivered by domestic and foreign autonomous trucks. In addition to increasing the speed of transportation, reducing the cost of transport and logistics services, the implementation of the strategy will reduce the number of deaths in road accidents by 8% due to the use of unmanned vehicles.
• Seamless cross-border clearance procedures. In particular, it is expected that cargo transportation digital registration and technological seamlessness of procedures at the borders will increase the volume of transit through countries EEU 10 times. The number of hours for the passage of control measures by railway and road carriers at border crossings will decrease by more than 90%. The first and necessary step on this path is the transition to paperless document management.

From January 1, 2022, all cargo carriers received the right to issue electronic waybills, waybills with data from the pre and post-trip inspection of drivers and special permits for the transportation of goods. Also, since 01.01.2022, a unified information system in the field of procurement has been launched, ensuring the formation and signing of documents on the acceptance of goods, works, services in electronic form in the construction sector and in the implementation of road activities.
According to Vasily Desyatkov, Deputy Minister of Transport, one of the largest reforms in the field of public procurement is the introduction of electronic acting. This is part of the work on the de-bureaucratization of procurement procedures, increasing the transparency of the execution of contracts, and preserving the audit trail from the execution of contracts. In addition, a service has been launched that allows the supplier and customer to voluntarily sign a universal transfer document in the UIS in the format of the Federal Tax Service of Russia, which confirms the legitimacy of this document.

• Network of transport and logistics centers. According to Alexei Semenov, ensuring the functioning of the supporting network of transport and logistics centers is an important task of the transport industry, directly related to the priority national goals in the field of transport and logistics, formulated in the May presidential decree "On national goals and strategic objectives of the development of the Russian Federation for the period until 2024."
• Digital platform of transport complex (TsPTK). This is the main element that ensures the formation of a single digital space of the transport complex and a key mechanism for creating an industry data management system, which is an integral part of the National Data Management System (NDMS).

The platform is assigned the role of an aggregator of transport information, which guarantees non-discriminatory access to the data of all interested industry participants.

Source: Association "Digital Transport and Logistics"

The digital platform of the state segment of the transport complex plays a system-forming role in the formation of the Unified Digital Transport and Logistics Environment (ECTC) and ensures the integration of national and foreign systems, ensuring a safe mode of collection, aggregation and exchange of transport and logistics data between commercial users and government authorities, solving traceability problems of the entire transportation chain.

• Digital counterparts of transport infrastructure facilities. They are needed to significantly improve the safety, reliability and continuity of all transport infrastructure facilities.
• Digital travel documents and online means of payment.

According to analysts' forecasts, digital transformation will ensure an increase in labor productivity in the transport and logistics industries by 20% by 2030. Let's see further how certain areas of digitalization and intellectualization of the transport complex add up to a single picture of the national intellectual transport system of Russia.

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