Investment in silver

Return on investment in Russia

• Return on investment in Russia

Silver price dynamics

2024: Price rise to $30 an ounce - maximum since 2013

Spot silver topped $30 an ounce on May 17, 2024, hitting its highest since 2013 in a rally that became more powerful and faster than gold growth amid strong financial and industrial demand.

Silver, gold and bitcoin

Unlike gold, whose extracted world reserves grow annually, the available reserves of silver already mined once are gradually depleted due to its active use in industry.

Unlike silver, which is mainly in the form of works of art, gold is mostly in the form of measuring ingots and coins, which at any time can be used for industrial needs, but unlike silver, only a small part of the gold mined every year is spent in industry (the largest part of it goes to the needs of investors), and not so much because gold is currently more expensive than silver, but because silver has unique technical characteristics that exceed the technical characteristics of gold, and the use of which would be difficult to refuse, even if silver rose in price hundreds of times. Silver has the highest electroconductivity and reflectivity among metals, and is also an excellent catalyst - an accelerator of chemical reactions, which is superior to gold. The amount of silver used in a single product is so insignificant, and its value for reliable operation of devices is so great that an increase in the price of silver will hardly be able to reduce its demand, so the demand for silver is often called inelastic in relation to its price.

Gold Silver Ratio, или GSR

Historically (and from part and logically), it so happened that the prices of gold and silver were similar to their land reserves. So, for example, in the days when Jesus Christ lived on Earth, the price ratio of gold and silver in Rome was 1 to 12.6, and in Jerusalem - 1 to 4.7, because in Spain at that time there were mines rich in silver, and in Asia there were rich deposits of gold. Nowadays, the price ratio of two metals is the same around the world due to the development of vehicles, therefore, in order to determine the proper ratio of gold and silver prices, it remains to calculate the total amount of their land reserves, and according to various studies it is equal to 5 billion troy ounces of gold against 5 billion of the same ounces of silver, and this means that the price of gold in relation to the price of silver should be at least 1 to 1, and not 1 to 50, as it is now. I understand that at first glance such a statement may seem, to put it mildly, incorrect, but let's try to consider the situation from all sides before drawing any conclusions.

In Medieval Europe, the price ratio of gold and silver was, as a rule, 1 to 16, and this is logical, since the fact has long been recognized, that in the earth's crust is, in general, in all its layers 16 times more silver, than gold, and it is also calculated that only about 18 billion ounces can be extracted from all the silver in the earth's crust, and gold 6 times less - only 3 billion ounces. Again, according to official figures, the annual silver mining of the last decade is 20 thousand tons, or 600 million troy ounces, surpassing the annual gold mine by eight times, add to this the fact that according to several investigations and calculations carried out by different organizations, over the past 5,000 years, about 5 billion troy ounces of gold and 45 - silver have been mined, and most of them have been mined over the past half century. Knowing all these facts, it is not wise to wonder how the total silver reserves have decreased to the size of the total gold reserves, what such a mass of silver has been spent on, and, therefore, why the price of silver should rise significantly more times than the price of gold.

As for how much the price of silver will rise in the near future (June 2008), Israel Friedman 73 years old, who is the owner and has been studying silver for the last 30 years, believes that 5-10% of the total amount of silver mined on the ground remains, and that the price of silver can exceed the price of gold.

According to other estimates, it turns out that in the entire human history about 160 thousand tons of gold and (according to the maximum estimate) 1.6 million tons of silver were mined. Thus, the ratio between all mined silver and gold is about 10 to 1. Annual gold production is about 2.5 thousand tons, silver - about 22 thousand tons. That is, the ratio between annually mined silver and gold also ranges from about 9-10 to 1.

If you look at the ratio of the price of gold and silver, then as of mid-November 2010 it was about 53 to 1. That is, one troy ounce of gold can be bought for 53 troy ounces of silver. This ratio (Gold Silver Ratio, or GSR) serves as an important indicator for the comparative evaluation of silver and gold. Thus, in relation to gold, silver is underestimated by about 5 times! This remark, however, is only valid if gold and silver are regarded as two interchangeable precious metals.

Historically, this has been the case, so for many centuries the GSR ratio was close enough to 10 to be between 12 and 16 troy ounces of silver per troy ounce of gold. For example, in the early 18th century, the famous scientist Isaac Newton, when he was the head of the British mint, set the ratio of silver to gold as 15.5 to 1. This ratio remained unchanged in the British Empire (except during the Napoleonic Wars) for two centuries up until the early 20th century. In the second half of the 19th century and the beginning of the 20th century, the era of bimetallism ended with the establishment of a gold standard, which led to the cheapening of silver, and, accordingly, the growth of the GSR attitude.

The ratio of gold to silver for the period 1975-2010.

Source: goldprice.org/gold-silver-ratio.html

The rejection of the gold standard and the demonetization of gold in the 20th century did not improve the situation, so that in the early 90s of the twentieth century the GSR ratio reached its peak at about 100 to 1 (see graph). This ratio reached its minimum at 16 to 1 in 1980, but only for a day or two.

So, the long-standing underestimation of silver in relation to gold was caused successively by two main reasons - first the rejection of bimetallism, and then the rejection of the gold standard. A gradual return to gold as a monetary metal will inevitably entail the return of the monetary status of silver, and, therefore, the ratio of GSR to a fair historical level not higher than 16 to 1.

Thus, the price of silver in the future will be determined by both factors of industrial production and monetary factors, which makes the "lunar" metal a unique means of investment. At the same time, unlike copper, zinc, oil and other raw materials, silver is available to most small investors for purchase and storage in physical form. The further increase in the price of gold predicted in the not so distant future will entail a faster increase in the price of silver, since at present it is underestimated in relation to gold.

When (if) a relatively small gold market is hit by an avalanche of demand from states, central and commercial banks, investment and pension funds, hundreds of millions of private investors, the same relatively small silver market will not be able to stand aside. And we can see this trend in the market now. However, we strongly do not recommend investing in silver for faint-hearted and inexperienced short-term investors.

Bitcoin is an alternative to investing in silver

Main article: Bitcoin

Countries holding silver

For 2008, among countries with significant silver reserves, they called:

• Great Britain (which accumulated a significant amount of silver when it was a colonial power),
• Peru,
• Mexico and
• Australia (due to the fact that large silver mines are located on the territory of these countries), as well as
• India, whose inhabitants have a famous love of silver jewelry, accumulating as much as possible, and transferring them from clan to clan as family values. At least 3 billion troy ounces of silver are believed to be concentrated in India, that is, the largest part of its land reserves. Silver is not available for industrial consumption for 2008, as it is dispersed among tens of millions of Indian citizens, and, in addition, in India there is a law prohibiting the export of silver for its aisles (the adoption of such a law in June 2008 is also being discussed in the aforementioned Latin American countries^[1].

Silver in circulation - $1.1 trillion

The gold supply as of August 2019 is $8.7 trillion, the US dollar supply is $1.7 trillion. The volume of rubles in circulation is $150 billion.

�​Obyem of cash in circulation (in USD UNITED STATES). Data for 2019]]

Silver mining

2022

Decrease in silver production in Russia by 2% to 945.7 tons

At the end of 2021, silver production in Russia amounted to 945.7 tons, which is 2% less than a year earlier. This was announced in mid-March 2022 by the Ministry of Finance of the Russian Federation with reference to data on the supply of raw materials to Russian refining plants.

According to published statistics, silver production in January-December 2021 reached 429.26 tons against 438.35 tons a year earlier. The production of associated silver during this time decreased from 319.05 tons to 288.12 tons, secondary - increased from 208.33 tons to 228.32 tons.

In different regions of Russia in 2021, a total of more than 100 silver deposits were developed. The first place in terms of production was taken by the Magadan region (over 236 tons). In second place was the Chukotka Autonomous Okrug (more than 112 tons), in third place was the Khabarovsk Territory (over 51 tons).

Most of the "white gold" - about 30% - was mined in the bowels of the Dukat hub (Magadan region). It includes 4 deposits - Dukat, Lunnoye, Goltsovoye and Perevalnoye.

The total resources of the asset are 1.4 million ounces in gold equivalent, annually up to 2.4 million tons of silver are processed here. And in 2021, 306 thousand ounces were received at Dukatsky - again in gold equivalent.

The development of the asset is conducted by the largest silver producer in Russia, which accounted for a quarter of the total production of "white" gold.

Another major silver asset of the Magadan region is the Juliet deposit. Precious metals on its territory are mined. The total estimated reserves and forecast resources of the deposit reach about 475 tons of silver.

The Ozernoye field in the Republic of Buryatia is also rich in silver (developed by the Lake Mining Company). Thus, its total reserves at the end of 2021 were estimated at 157 million tons of ore, which, in addition to other metals, contains 4.5 thousand tons of silver.^[2]

Share of silver exports from Russia - 2.6% of the world market

2018: Mexico world mining leader

2010: Sales of state silver reserves dry up

2/3 of the silver extracted from the earth's bowels is the result of side mining of other metals (copper, zinc, lead, gold). That is, for producers of these metals, revenues from the sale of silver are not the main ones, so global silver production largely depends not on the price of silver, but on the prices of copper, zinc, lead and gold.

For a long time, the sale of accumulated state silver reserves covered the shortage of metal in the market, but in November 2010 this source practically dried up. So far, "secondary" silver has been helping out (this is about 20% of the annual supply of metal), but the possibilities for its growth are limited.

2006: Peru World Mining Leader

1892

Silver in industrial production

Silver today is spent in huge quantities: since 1942, the annual demand for silver has exceeded its production by an average of 25%, and the last 10 years - by 50 (which is happening in the entire history we know for the first time), and this is despite the fact that the modern level of silver production is hundreds of times higher than the level of its production of past centuries. However, what can such a lot of silver be needed? The answer is simple - to the development of the military industry (do not forget that the demand for silver first exceeded its production at the height of World War II), and this is not at all surprising if we take into account the fact that about 130 kg of silver is spent on the creation of one torpedo, and how much of it is spent on the development of a high-precision space industry? How can superior production cover demand? This can only be done in one way - using up existing stocks. As for silver, its reserves have been continuously decreasing for 65 years, and, taking into account the growing demand for this metal, they will decrease until they are completely destroyed. When the available silver reserves run out (and according to my calculations this will happen in 2010 or at the latest by 2013), then, according to the economic law of supply-demand, the lack of available reserves of silver will lead to an increase in its demand, which in turn will inevitably lead to an increase in the price of this metal, which in this case will rise 10, 100, or maybe 1000 times, higher than its current price, as the case may be, and this is not taking into account inflation and the approaching global economic crisis, which will occur in the event of a collapse of the dollar, which will lead to an overall rise in prices. So, in 1990, the available reserves of silver amounted to 2200 million troy ounces, in 2001 - 1000, and in 2004 they slipped to 400 million troy ounces; for comparison, the gold reserves available for consumption were 2000 million troy ounces in 1990, and 1800 million in 2004, with all the conclusions arising from this.

Please note that the available silver reserves mean silver ingots weighing 1000 troy ounces (about 30 kg) 999 samples; currently, only such ingots are purchased by large industrial enterprises. As mentioned at the end of the previous paragraph, the reserves of such ingots in 2004 decreased to 400 million troy ounces and continue to decrease by about 100 million ounces each year. In 2008, these reserves dry up, and if they are not replenished on time, large industrial enterprises around the world will face a shortage of a natural resource that is very important for the production of many types of goods. Someone may argue that if 1,000 ounce bullion runs out, there will be enough silver in the smaller bullion, in addition, there are silver coins, jewelry and dishes. It should be borne in mind, however, that in order to be used by enterprises, silver will need to be melted into ingots weighing 1000 ounces of 999 samples, but the most important thing is that the owners of such silver agree to sell it. Let's take a closer look at these statements.

The fact is that most silver coins, small ingots, silverware and jewelry, except for the cost of the metal from which they are made, have artistic and collector's value, therefore such silver is sold at prices exceeding the market value of the metal. When the available reserves of silver run out, industrial enterprises, in order to push private owners of silver to sell, will have to raise the price of it significantly. Given that people prefer to buy goods that are rising in price rather than sell them, the price of silver will have to rise high enough to provoke massive sales of this metal. It follows from the above that, despite the fact that there are about one billion troy ounces of silver in coins, and even more in other forms, silver will be available to enterprises only at a price many times higher than its current price, unless, of course, the demand for silver does not fall sharply. If we take into account that the development of modern technologies depends to a large extent on silver, a decrease in demand for it is not expected in the foreseeable future.

Here are some other facts that you wouldn't be bothered to know:

• each year, 700 tons of silver in the form of a catalyst are spent on plastic production;
• silver is in second place after oil in the variety of applications, the number of which is in thousands;
• personalities such as Bill Gates, Warren Buffett, George Soros and the late Laurence Tisch have already invested their money in silver.

How to buy silver

When the decision to invest in silver is ripe, it remains to decide where to store it, and in what form to purchase it. If you store silver at home, you can purchase metal in any form (for example, in the form of water tanks), however, if you are going to store silver in a bank cell, then of course it is better to buy silver in the form of smaller space, that is, in the form of coins and measuring ingots, which are also easy to transport and can be purchased at the price closest to the price of metal (in each case, prices can vary significantly, but usually when buying measuring ingots with a total weight of 1 kg or more, their selling price exceeds the metal price by only 10%).

Relatively little space is taken up by silver products such as spoons, forks and knives. It is desirable that the silver you purchase has an official mark from which the purity, weight and origin of the object would be visible, and that it be in an easily recognizable form (measuring ingots and coins), it would also not be bad to purchase silver ingots or small coins, because when the price of silver rises, cashing in silver objects of large weight may be short-lived.

If possible, buy silver from trusted sellers (be it a bank or a frequent person). If you are not sure about the purity of the silver you buy by 100%, then before making a purchase, check it with a specialist, and if there is no such opportunity, it is better to refuse a dubious purchase, because only those who have real silver on hand will benefit from the increase in the price of silver, and not a fake. A good solution for buying silver can be investment coins of the Bank of Russia called "Sable," which are sold at a price exceeding the global market value of the metal by 30%, no more. Finally, if you can't find silver, invest in gold, although the profits from such an investment will be incredibly small compared to the profits from an investment in silver.

On the status of coins

• Ordinary - coins minted for circulation.

• Uncirculated - coins minted for circulation, but not in them. There is a variety of Brilliant Uncirculated - the same, but already for collectors and the surface of the coin is polished.

• Proof is the highest collector's quality, minted for collectors with polished stamps on polished mugs. The background of the coin is mirrored, the image is matte. There is the so-called. Reversible proof - mirror image, background - matte. In our country, I can remember only one such coin (more precisely, half of the coin) - the jubilee ruble 100 years since the birth of V.I. Lenin in 1970: the head itself was mirrored.

• Remodels are coins issued later than the original ones, but completely copying them or having distinctive features. For example, coins for circulation of the first half of the 30s were minted in the 50s: 20 kopecks of 1934 in private collections - all remade. Also in 1988, there was a re-issue of 19 jubilee coins in the pond of 1965-1986. They differed from the original gurta inscription.

• Magnetic/non-magnetic - in 1992-1993, the circulation of coins in denominations of 10 and 20 r. minted in magnetic and non-magnetic alloys. Checked by any magnet.

Questions - answers for beginners

Q1: What is GPs? A1: Investment coin of the Russian Federation "George the Victorious" made of 999 silver.

Q2: What is GPz? A2: Investment coin of the Russian Federation "George the Victorious" made of 999 gold.

Q3: What is CHI? A3: Impersonal metal bill.

Q4: Is tax taken when coins are sold? A4: Investment coins of the Russian Federation are not subject to VAT when selling.

Q5: Is tax taken when bullion is sold? A5: Precious metal ingots are subject to 18% VAT when sold.

Q6: Do they take a tax on compulsory medical insurance income? A6: Compulsory medical insurance income received as a result of the growth of the metal exchange rate is not taxed.

Q7: What is the spread? What is margin? A7: The difference between the purchase price and the sale price.

Q8: What to choose: compulsory medical insurance, coins or ingots? A8: Depends on your goals. With a short investment period (from a month to six months), you can use compulsory medical insurance, but this is risky, since the bank may go bankrupt, and you will lose your money. It is more reliable to store physical metal (fizmet), since then you can be sure that your savings will remain intact, despite any financial shocks. It is easier and faster to close compulsory medical insurance by returning cash than to sell physical met, but this rule works only if the banking system works normally.

Q9: I want to buy a fizmet, what do I choose: coins or bullion? A9: Visitors to this forum bet on coins, since the price per gram of metal in investment coins is quite adequate, but you do not have to pay VAT (unlike bullion).

Q10: What are the downsides of the fizmet? A10: The most important thing is safe storage. Your house can be robbed, so when storing a large amount of metal, it is recommended to have a cache or safe. Another disadvantage is the possible damage to metal (stains, scratches), which will reduce its price during sale.

Q11: Which bank to choose when opening compulsory medical insurance? A11: Follow two criteria: spread size and bank reliability. Look for, compare, choose the best option for yourself.

Q12: Where to buy ingots? A12: Q. Choose banks the one that will offer the lowest price.

Q13: Or might it be better to buy gold scrap from a pawnshop? A13: No, no better. This is a rather illiquid type of investment, that is, it will be difficult to sell it for good money.

Q15: What other investment coins are there in Russia besides GP? A15: Different, for example, "River Beaver," "History of money circulation," "Golden Chervonets." However, the most liquid, i.e. easy to sell, is the GP.

Q16: What are commemorative precious metal coins? A16: It's a collectible. Accordingly, a gram of metal in them costs more than in the same GP.

Q17: What are leaves, eagles, philharmonic, pandas? A17: These are the slang names of investment coins, respectively, Canada, the United States, Austria and China. In general, investment coins are issued by different countries.

Q18: And can you buy them too? A18: You can, most importantly, what price per gram of metal is obtained in the end. Please note that selling foreign investment coins in our homeland can be more difficult.

Q19: Can I buy gold coins of Nicholas II? A19: If you're a numismatist wanting to add to the collection - a must. If you are an investor, then it is not better. Such coins are of collectible value and can be difficult to sell.

Q20: What do you advise to read on investments in precious metals? A20: First, this forum. Second, be sure to read Michael Maloney's book A Guide to Investing in Gold and Silver.

Q21: Where can I download M. Maloni's book? A21: Here: www.twirpx.com/file/551355/ And here (in PDF) marak.ucoz.ru/news/2011-02-21-37 But it is better to spend 300 rubles and buy it in paper form.

Q22: Why invest in precious metals at all? Maybe it's better to buy shares, real estate, keep in foreign currency? A22: Because precious metals are a universal value, which is embedded in historical traditions. They will always be in the price and will never depreciate.

Q23: What to choose: gold or silver? A23: Is there a God or is there no God? Nobody knows.

Q24: What are precious metals other than gold and silver? A24: Platinum and palladium. However, they are industrial metals, so that with a decline in the pace of economic development, they will fall in price.

Where to buy silver coins

Contact these companies (they offer good prices) to clarify discounts when buying more than 10 coins. Prices for smaller purchases can be viewed at the links:

• Company "Power."
• Company"# startSelBuy Gold Reserve"
• MosDragMet
• Master-Bank

To quickly go to the pages of banks with information about coin prices George the Victorious, use this table.

Silver coins

Coins of Russia

On November 26, 2012, it became known that the Bank of Russia issued a commemorative silver coin weighing five kilograms for the 200th anniversary of the victory in the Patriotic War of 1812.

The coin has a diameter of 15 centimeters and consists of 925th silver. The coin was issued in a circulation of 50 copies. Her face value is 500 rubles.

The reverse side of the coin depicts soldiers of the Russian and French armies from the episodes of the Battle of Borodino. At the top is an icon of the Smolensk Mother of God, and at the bottom are crossed standards, pipes, military ammunition and weapons.

According to the Central Bank's plan to issue commemorative money, the coin for the 200th anniversary of victory in the Patriotic War will be the largest for the entire 2012 and next 2013. On average, commemorative coins of the Bank of Russia contain from 7 to 155 grams of precious metal.

The weight of one kilogram has coins dedicated to the 170th anniversary of Sberbank, the 1150th anniversary of Russian statehood, the 400th anniversary of the uprising of Minin and Pozharsky, as well as the 1000th anniversary of the unification of the Mordovian people with the peoples of the Russian state.

In addition, on November 26, 2012, the Bank of Russia issued a commemorative coin for the 250th anniversary of the Winter Palace. It is made of silver 925 samples weighing 155.5 grams. The diameter of the coin is six centimeters, the face value is 25 rubles, the circulation is one and a half thousand pieces. The reverse side of the coin depicts the facade of the Winter Palace and a fragment of a patterned lattice.

History

Silver in antiquity

The healing properties of silver were known in ancient times. This is evidenced by medical works written in Sanskrit. The historian of the ancient world, Herodotus, cites information that in the 5th century BC. e. The Persian king Cyrus used drinking water stored in sacred silver vessels during campaigns, so it did not deteriorate for a long time in a hot climate. The ancient Persians knew that "silver-plated" water would protect them from all kinds of diseases widespread in the Ancient World, be it typhus or cholera. The ancient Greeks and Romans stored liquids in silver vessels, knowing that in this way they improve their effect on the human body. For centuries, the magnificent antibacterial properties of silver have been used in the treatment of a variety of inflammatory diseases. It is known, for example, that 2500 years before the Nativity of Christ, Egyptian warriors used silver to treat war wounds - they applied very thin silver plates to them, and the wounds quickly healed (during World War II, the same wonderful wound healing results were achieved by Soviet doctors in the field with bandages that were covered with a thin layer of silver). In folk medicine of the countries of the East, silver has traditionally been used for more than a thousand years. The first American settlers, moving through the Wild West, kept milk in vessels with a silver dollar at the bottom on the road. In some countries, there was a custom when consecrating wells to throw silver coins at them. Beginning in the 4th century AD, silver was used for cooking and cutlery in noble families of Europe. The cookbooks of the time indicated exactly which dishes were best cooked in silverware. Until our time, Egypt has a tradition of serving chickens baked in silver foil at the wedding table.

In Ancient Russia, silver ingots, called hryvnia, were cut into parts and thus received "rubles." That is, the names of the national currencies of Russia and Ukraine are of "silver" origin (however, like the names of the British pound sterling and the American dollar).

The favorite of Catherine II Count Grigory Orlov had a silver set consisting of 3275 items, for the production of which 2 tons of pure silver were spent.

The waters of the sacred river Ganges India have been considered healing for centuries. Crowds of pilgrims perform the sacraments of ablution in the "holy fonts" of the Ganges. Patients get rid of skin diseases, wounds quickly heal, ulcers are scarred, fistulas are tightened. The researchers decided to find out the reason for the wonderful properties of the Ganges water. It turned out that in some places groundwater washes rud¬nyye silver deposits, and there is a reaction of electrolytic decomposition of natural silver under the influence of wandering currents of the Earth. As a result of the chemical reaction, these waters are enriched with silver ions to a very high concentration and, then entering the Ganges, form the very "holy fonts" for which the river is so famous. Despite the fact that concentrated silver water is repeatedly diluted by the waters of the river, the content of silver ions in the "fonts" is about 0.4 mg/L. Ionic silver dissolved in the water of the river, very photosensitive and under the scorching rays of the sun, is lit up in about 30 minutes, turning into a metal form and settling at the bottom. In this case, the therapeutic effect of water is lost. The length of the "font" on a sunny afternoon is determined by the speed of the river and the time of exposure of ionic silver. This is usually the minimum distance. But with the onset of night, silver in ionic form from the font is transferred over huge distances not illuminated. As a result, the length of the "font" increases overnight, though only until the morning. With sunrise, the size of the "font" again shrinks and reaches a minimum at noon, when the strength of the sun's rays is maximum.

1981-2001: Why the price of silver hasn't changed

The price of silver from 1981 to 2001 remained at approximately the same level, in the limit of $5 per troy ounce (troy ounce, or troy ounce in English, equal to 31.1034768 grams), which led to the closure of a considerable number of silver mines around the world. As for the dollar, its value according to official data for the period from 1981 to 2001 fell twice.

Finally, relatively recently (June 2008) industrial enterprises (which are the only big consumers of this metal)apparently, they began to experience a shortage of silver, because in 2001 the ice started - starting this year, the price of silver went uphill and now is at $17 per troy ounce, which, however, does not even closely reflect its real value, since there is almost no light-mined silver left in the earth's crust.

How did you manage to keep the price of such a demanded metal as silver at the same level for two decades? This was achieved by two main methods - leasing and issuing contracts for silver.

When the price of silver reached $50 per troy ounce in 1980, Western banks began to practice leasing precious metals, lending silver at interest on the condition that the metal would once be returned back to the bank. Thus, by increasing the offer, in 1981 the price of silver was knocked down to $5 per ounce. The borrowed silver was used for production needs, that is, it will never return to the banks. So, for example , the United States at one time owned silver reserves equal to 5 billion troy ounces, due to leasing, they lost these reserves clean up and since 2001 have been purchasing silver for the manufacture of their anniversary coins on the side.

As for silver contracts, one such contract equates to 5,000 troy ounces of silver, while a gold contract equates to 1,000 ounces of gold. These contracts are convenient for investors who do not want to deliver their silver to their homes. It is assumed that all contracts are completely covered by real silver, which is written in the name of their owners, and that organizations that issue such contracts are able to deliver silver to their owner on demand. In fact, only a part of such contracts is covered with silver, but due to the fact that most of their owners do not require the delivery of metal to their homes, this fact does not cause proper claims. As soon as silver rises in price, the sale of silver contracts immediately begins, which creates a false impression of an excess of metal, and although in fact silver as such no longer becomes, the price of it falls, since the contracts fully satisfy the demand of investors. It is another matter for industrialists, who every year need to buy about 100 million troy ounces of missing silver from existing reserves, which cover silver contracts. When the available reserves of silver run out, the demand of industrial enterprises, unlike the demand of ordinary investors, will not be able to be satisfied with paper contracts, which, moreover, will remain mostly unsealed. This time it is not necessary to count on the help of leasing from banks, since their silver reserves have long disappeared, the only hope is India. This country has the largest silver reserves in the world, which is likely to become available outside the country in large quantities only at very high prices or military occupation. In any case, when the available reserves of silver run out, and a scam with silver contracts is revealed, and industrialists will desperately look for a way to purchase metal in order to continue production of their goods, the price of silver will surely surpass the overwhelming majority of real forecasts.

2000s: Healing properties of silver

On all space shuttles, in preparation for use, water is enriched with silver; the airliners use silver water filters. Increasingly, silver is used in the purification of water in pools - it does not irritate the mucous membranes and is more effective as an antiseptic. In Japan, the air is cleaned with silver.

The healing power of silver was well characterized by Dr. Robert Becker: "It is usually believed that the human body, with the exception of bone marrow cells, is not able to produce primitive cells. However, investigating the influence of silver compounds in the treatment of bone diseases, it turned out that fibroblast cells dedifferentiate (modify to primitive) under the influence of silver ions. Cells proliferate rapidly and produce many primitive cells that differentiate (transform) into cells that produce the tissue that should be in this place. The body regenerates itself. "

Links

• CBR course for silver
• Sale and redemption prices of Sberbank compulsory medical insurance
• Old Silver Investment Forum
• New Silver Investment Forum

See also

• Investing in gold

Notes