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2024
Robot surgeon who removes kidney stones without incisions commissioned
In early November 2024, Roen Surgical unveiled the world's first AI robot, Zamenix, to surgically remove kidney stones. The first robotic surgeons have already arrived at Samsung Medical Center. Read more here.
Robotic surgeons in Russia began to remove stones from the kidneys
In Russia, for the first time, a robot-assisted operation was carried out to remove a stone from a child's ureter using intraoperative ultrasound. The procedure in July 2024 was successfully carried out by specialists from the Irkutsk State Regional Children's Clinical Hospital. Read more here
Russian device for contactless treatment of kidney stones released
In July 2024, a domestic apparatus for contactless treatment of kidney stones, Litotripter LT-1, was released in Russia. Innovative medical equipment developed by the Shvabe holding of Rostec State Corporation has received official permission from the Federal Service for Supervision of Healthcare for use in medical practice. Read more here
2023
Proven: Kidney stones form due to gut microbiota disorders
On December 20, 2023, Canadian specialists from the Lawson Health Research Institute released the results of work that examined the link between kidney stone formation and altered gut microbiota. The findings are expected to help in the development of new diet options aimed at preventing urolithiasis.
It is noted that the human microbiota consists of trillions of microorganisms - these are bacteria, fungi and viruses that live in the human body. The change in this composition is associated with many diseases. In particular, an association between the gut microbiota and kidney stones in those patients who took antibiotics has previously been shown. In the new work, the researchers analyzed a possible correlation between urolithiasis and the microbiota of three regions -- gut, oral and urinary tract.
The state of the body of 83 patients with kidney stones, as well as 30 healthy people, was studied. Experts have found that in people with urolithiasis, microbiota changes were observed in all three areas. In addition, it turned out that patients with kidney stones have more antibiotic-resistant genes.
 | Microorganisms form a kind of network that is stable and beneficial for healthy people. However, in patients with kidney stones, the operation of this network is disrupted. Bacteria stop producing vitamins and beneficial metabolites, as a result of which the microbiota changes not only in the intestines, but also in the urinary tract and oral cavity, notes Dr. Keith Al (Kait Al), the lead author of the study. |  |
Experts say a microbiota-friendly diet and minimal antibiotic use could potentially reduce the chance of urolithiasis.[1]
Johnson & Johnson robot surgeon begins removing kidney stones
In early February 2023, the company, Ethicon a subsidiary, Johnson & Johnson announced the first successful procedure under. robotic removal kidney stones The operation was carried out using the Monarch platform. More. here
2022
Doctors start using robot that removes kidney stones
As it became known in June 2022, doctors began to use a robot that removes kidney stones. We are talking about a device with artificial intelligence called Automated Needle Targeting with X-ray (ANT-X), developed by the Singapore company NDR Medical Technology. Read more here.
Start using technology to remove kidney stones using a special hydrogel
In early April 2022, the German company Purenum, created on the basis of the Fraunhofer Institute of Industrial Technologies and Advanced Materials, introduced a two-component hydrogel mediNiK. The technology is able to remove even the smallest pieces of stones from the formed fragments in the kidneys. Read more here.
2021: Russia has created an apparatus for removing stones from the body by an acoustic wave
In December 2021, at one of the exhibitions in Moscow, the shock-wave lithotripter LT-1, developed by JSC Moscow Plant Sapphir (part of the Schwabe holding), was presented. Read more here.
2018: Which research method is more effective at diagnosing urolithiasis
On May 17, 2018, the European Journal of Radiology published the results of a study on the comparative assessment of instrumental methods for diagnosing urolithiasis: digital tomosynthesis, ultrasound and multi-cell computed tomography (MDCT), which is considered the "gold" standard of diagnosis.
A team of researchers led by Dr. Manavjit Singh Sandhu from the Institute of Postgraduate Education and Research (PGIMER) in Chandigarh (India) notes that due to the rapid emergence of new diagnostic methods, it becomes difficult for doctors to choose which one to use in a specific clinical situation. The researchers believe clinicians should be aware of the potential benefits, specificity and sensitivity of each imaging method. This knowledge will help optimize health care costs, radiation load and ensure patient safety.
Imaging research methods are a key aspect for both the diagnosis of urolithiasis and the subsequent management of patient data. MDCT is considered the gold standard for the detection of urolithiasis with a sensitivity of 97% and a specificity of 98%. However, this method is also characterized by the highest dose of radiation among diagnostic studies in a given group of patients.
As an alternative to MDCT, the researchers proposed evaluating digital tomosynthesis and ultrasound. Digital tomosynthesis minimizes radiation dose and allows assessment of all anatomical structures separately, while ultrasound is widely available, cheap and unrelated to radiation.
Sandhu and colleagues compared the diagnostic efficacy of digital tomosynthesis and ultrasound using MDCT as a standard. The study included 66 patients with suspected urolithiasis or a history of relapses of this disease; 41 patients had urolithiasis and 25 patients had abdominal pain of non-essential origin.
All patients underwent digital tomosynthesis, ultrasound, and MDCT for 24 hours. Two radiologists classified the stones based on their location and size. The Sandhu group then investigated the sensitivity and specificity of the methods and compared the results with the intended results.
41 urolithiasis patients with MDCT were found to have 121 stones (105 renal, 14 ureteral, and 2 bladder), most of which were not larger than 5 mm. The mean overall sensitivity of digital tomosynthesis for the diagnosis of urolithiasis was 50% (p <0,001), а чувствительность ультразвукового исследования – 50,4% (р=0,005). Что касается идентификации почечных камней, чувствительность цифрового томосинтеза была 47,1%, а ультразвука - 50,9%; для камней мочеточника чувствительность составила 74,9% при цифровом томосинтезе и 39,2% с ультразвуком.
The authors believe that the disappointingly low sensitivity of digital tomosynthesis may be due to the fact that the size of most of the stones identified in the research group was less than 5 mm. Stones of this size are poorly detected in tomography, which reduced the overall sensitivity of digital tomosynthesis. Although the results did not show a statistically significant difference between digital tomosynthesis and ultrasound to diagnose urolithiasis, the researchers found that digital tomosynthesis was more effective at detecting ureter stones, and ultrasound was effectively used to detect hydrouretheronephrosis - urinary tract edema when urinary outflow is difficult.
Thus, the researchers concluded that both methods could be used for the primary diagnosis of urolithiasis. Moreover, in clinical practice, ultrasound remains the preferred method in the primary examination of patients, especially those with acute conditions.[2]
Notes
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