Vehicle-to-Everytning (V2X) 5G in car evolution

Autopilot (self-driving car)

Main article: Autopilot (self-driving car)

5G (fifth generation mobile)

• 5G Main Article (Fifth Generation Mobile), LTE
• Development of 5G networks in Russia

ITS-G5 (communication standard for cars)

In mid-April 2019, the European Parliament approved a standard for wireless car interaction. Most members (304 to 207) voted in favor of ITS-G5 technology, which is based on Wi-Fi. In contrast, 5G networks were installed.

Main article: ITS-G5 (communication standard for cars)

V2X Technology: Using Wi-Fi and Cellular Networks

Many sensors, such as cameras and radars, are built into the cars. Telematics solutions for transport use Wi-Fi and cellular technology as another sensor. V2X is the use of radio technology in automobiles for active safety. The car will be able to interact with everything around it^[1].

Cars, as in mobile phones, are penetrated by Wi-Fi and cellular technologies. They are usually used to connect multimedia systems, but in 2017, access points are increasingly created using Wi-Fi and mobile communications so that passengers can easily use mobile Internet on the go.

But another case of using Wi-Fi and mobile is to prevent emergencies.

The disadvantages of cameras and radars include the fact that they can only track the situation in the immediate vicinity of the car. If the car is at a busy intersection after 100 meters, then cameras and radar sensors should see other road users before the devices predict the possibility of an accident. Cars connected to Wi-Fi or cellular communications, leaving, for example, from around the corner, can receive a sufficient amount of information about each other's location and change the route in advance to avoid a collision.

Thanks to V2X technology, connected cars will soon be able to inform the driver that they are located ahead of his field of view. For 2017, the technology of self-driving cars is developing so quickly that it is difficult to predict the technical characteristics of cars that will go off the assembly line by the end of the next decade.

Another advantage of the V2X over other sensors is its range. Cellular and Wi-Fi transmitters have a much larger range, allowing them to send and receive data much ahead of time. The range of other sensors is approximately 15 meters (~ 50 feet) to 75 meters (~ 250 feet).

Wireless is expected to play a much more important role than in 2017. First of all, passengers in the cabin will receive new services based on Internet access and location, regardless of the type of car: traditional or which move independently. However, the latter type of car will be much more aware of the environment than the most high-tech Tesla or elite Mercedes Benz, which is now on the market.

Many cars use radar to prevent collisions, and self-driving cars rely on cameras, radars and lidars (high-precision sensors based on light reflection from various surfaces) to navigate given routes. The technology will allow drivers and self-driving cars to not only avoid collisions, but also send and receive all types of data to help balance urban traffic and save fuel. Wireless "car-connected-to-everything" technology, also known for reducing V2X, will be most widespread.

Cyber attacks on cars

Main article: Cyberattacks on cars

2023: The application of the innovative V2X system is expanded at the smart Central Ring Road

The "single operator" in pilot mode will connect to the "smart" road a fleet of emergency commissars working at the Central Ring Road. Cars and the highway will be linked by V2X technology, which is a key element of smart roads. This is the first large-scale connected transport project in the Moscow region. To do this Avarkom cars are equipped with domestic V2X modules, technology is also integrated into a mobile application for emergency commissioners. This was announced on March 16, 2023 by representatives of the Telematics concern. Read more here.

2022

Sales of internet-connected cars rose 12% over the year. Leaders

At the end of 2022, sales of so-called connected cars with Internet access increased by 12% compared to the previous year. This is stated in a study by Counterpoint Technology Market Research, the results of which were released on April 24, 2023.

Analysts take into account shipments of passenger transport funds. It is noted that in 2022 the share of cars with - Internet connection exceeded 50% in the total mass of cars sold. USA remain the largest sales region for connected models; this is followed by China and. In Europe 2022, these three markets accounted for almost 80% of the global sales of cars capable of connecting with. Internet

Source: Counterpoint Global Connected Car Tracker
Based on Q1 2019 to Q4 2022 data

It is said that cars 4G with support accounted for more than 95% of sales in the total mass of connected cars. At the same time, 5G it remains a niche technology available only in premium models such as Ford the F-150 Lightning,,,, Cadillac LYRIQ iX and Mercedes-Benz EQS Audi e-tron GT BMW GWM Haval HG.

Volkswagen Group leads in terms of sales of models with Internet access: at the end of 2022, the group's share was 11.7%. Toyota is in second place with a score of 11.5%, and GM closes the top three - 9.5%. The fourth position went to Stellantis, which took 8.1% of the industry. This is followed by Hyundai with a 6.9% share. Places from sixth to tenth were taken by BMW, the Renault-Nissan-Mitsubishi alliance, Ford, Mercedes-Benz and Tesla with 6.6%, 6.3%, 5.6%, 5.5% and 3.7%, respectively.

Source: Counterpoint Global Connected Car Tracker
Based on Q1 2019 to Q4 2022 data

"As consumers shift their focus to in-car internet connectivity, shipments of unconnected cars are steadily declining. The top five car groups accounted for nearly half of the internet-enabled cars sold in 2022. Tesla broke into the Top 10 for the first time, "analyst Abhilash Gupta said[2]

At the "smart" Central Ring Road for the first time tested a car connected to the road

At the "smart" Central Ring Road, tests were carried out on a connected car equipped with domestic V2X (Vehicle-To-Everything) equipment developed by the Telematics concern. This was announced on July 14, 2022 to TAdviser by representatives of the concern. Read more here.

2021

Smart Driving Lab unveils Connected Car concept

On October 21, 2021, the Smart Driving Laboratory presented the concept of "connecting" urban public transport. It can be implemented on the basis of developments that are tested in the fleet of the administration of the Volkhov district of the Leningrad region. Read more here.

Orange Business Services and Lynk & Co launch car permanently connected to IoT

International service provider Orange Business Services and automotive brand Lynk & Co have announced a car that is constantly connected to the Web. Orange Business Services infrastructure and Internet of Things (IoT) connectivity enable Lynk & Co to provide online services to drivers across Europe. Orange Business Services announced this on August 25, 2021. Read more here.

Announcement of technology for warning about holes on the road

In mid-August 2021, Mercedes-Benz introduced Car-to-X technology, which warns motorists about pits and other irregularities. Read more here.

Bosch, Microsoft develop software platform to seamlessly connect cars to the cloud

On February 18, 2021, it became known that the companies had Bosch Microsoft agreed on cooperation in development. software platform for seamless connection of cars to the cloud The goal of this collaboration is to optimize the development and installation automobile ON throughout the life of the car in accordance with industry quality standards. The platform based on Microsoft Azure will include software modules from Bosch, will allow you to develop and install software in control units and automotive. computers More. here

2020

Full-fledged Connected Car system based on ERA-GLONASS has been tested

Smart Driving Laboratory The system developed "" (hereinafter referred to as the Laboratory), "ERA Element" combining the capabilities ERA-GLONASS and services based on telematics and, internet of things has been tested and is ready for installation on trucks and cars. The cars company announced this on November 17, 2020. More. here

Unlike the ERA-GLONASS modules used, the ERA Element system allows you to fully implement Connected Car services - to turn a car into a device connected to the network, which provides additional opportunities for drivers, fleets, car dealers and automakers.

Qualcomm tested C-V2X with automakers in China

Qualcomm has tested C-V2X with automakers in China. This became known on November 15, 2020. Read more here.

NP "GLONASS" begins testing the unmanned driving system in the stream

On November 8, 2020, NP GLONASS announced the upcoming testing of the unmanned driving system in the stream. Until the year, it is planned to test V2X equipment (onboard equipment, sensors designed for receiving and transmitting data) from Fort Telecom, MVS Group, Kaspersky Lab, Sreda Solutions, Keysight and FSUE NAMI.

As told To news"" in NP "GLONASS," after the system testing is completed, specialists will begin to develop a single technical standard for how to exchange data. This is necessary to determine the single composition of the data, the method of its transmission, use and protocols for protecting against unwanted access. By November 2020, they are at the discretion of equipment manufacturers.

The main task of the system should be to prevent accidents by obtaining and processing information about the location, as well as the speed and direction of movement of vehicles. In addition, it will allow you to exchange data on road events and recommended traffic modes depending on the phases of traffic lights.

In NP "GLONASS" added that the full introduction of an unmanned driving system is hindered by the imperfection of the road infrastructure and the lack of a legal framework.

Manufacturers whose equipment will meet a single technical standard will be able to fight for a promising market, a source in the industry told Izvestia. Equipping a kilometer of the highway between cities with V2X equipment is estimated at 240 thousand rubles, and the Moscow - St. Petersburg M-11 routes - at 164.16 million rubles.

Equipping one car with a V2X device at the current production volumes of telematic devices will cost 200 thousand rubles, but with the expansion of production, their cost will decrease, the source said.^[3]

Smart roads have appeared in Russia, warning drivers about open hatches through V2X

On April 15, 2020, it became known about the appearance in Russia of smart roads warning drivers about pedestrians and open hatches nearby. Such pilot projects have been launched  in Samara, Volgograd  and Kursk, Yaroslav Fedoseev, a representative of the NTI Avtonet working group, press secretary of Glonass NP, told RIA Novosti. Read more here.

Qualcomm unveils platform for onboard and roadside units based on C-V2X technology

On January 10, 2020, the company Qualcomm Technologies presented a reference platform Qualcomm C-V2X for on-board and roadside units (roadside unit, RSU). The Qualcomm C-V2X platform complements C-V2X communication solutions by offering the necessary processing power to implement the full range of wireless solutions, and 4G 5G C-V2X such as GNSS multi-frequency services for accurate location, V2X information security message provisioning, signing and verification applications transport , and Intelligent Transport System (ITS) V2X- stack. More. here

Qualcomm unveils wireless on-board systems update service for connected cars

On January 9, 2020, the company Qualcomm Technologies introduced a service, Qualcomm Car-to-Cloud integrated a secure set of services for cars Qualcomm Snapdragon Automotive Cockpit Qualcomm and Snapdragon Automotive and connected on platforms. 4G 5G The presented Car-to-Cloud service will help to car makers keep on-board and systems up to telematic date, as well as flexibly modernize funds, transport making it possible to activate the necessary functions at any time. More. here

2019

In Russia, a system has been developed that informs the driver about the free parking and approach of pedestrians

In December 2019, it became known about the system developed by NTI "Autonet," which informs the driver about the approach of pedestrians, the appearance of cars in "blind" zones and the presence of parking spaces. The service will be implemented within the framework of the telematic platform "Avtodata," which is expected to collect millions of gigabytes of car data by 2025. Read more here.

Avis Budget Group and Ford Commercial Solutions Agreement to Develop Connected Vehicle Technology

On September 6, 2019, Ford announced the launch of a partnership between Avis Budget Group and Ford Commercial Solutions as part of a mission to introduce fundamental changes to car rental. Read more here.

Installation of MTS SIM chips in cars on the assembly line

On August 16, 2019, MTS PJSC announced that it had signed an agreement with Geely, under which the operator's SIM chips began to be installed directly on the factory conveyor in cars supplied to Russia. MTS has already delivered the first batch of SIM chips in the amount of 1,500 pieces to the plant. Read more here.

Ford's development based on C-V2X for road safety and efficiency

In June 2019, the company Ford demonstrated two projects as part of the study of the possibility of using C-V2X technology (Cellular Vehicle-to-Everything) - a wireless system for exchange data between transport means and road objects. infrastructures Developments based on C-V2X are designed to increase safety the efficiency of road traffic, as well as contribute to development. autonomous cars

The first project demonstrated by Ford is a special installation that will be located by the road and provide communication between cars and other road users (pedestrians, cyclists and those who ride electric scooters) using various wireless technologies. The second project is an uninterrupted system based on blockchain technology, helping cars negotiate the right to travel intersections to ensure the efficiency and safety of traffic.

According to Ford, through the introduction of such innovations, road users will be able to anticipate the road situation and avoid accidents, which will help improve safety in cities. In addition, such technologies can reduce traffic congestion. In busy urban environments, drivers often overlook pedestrians and those who use alternative means of transportation, such as scooters, when they start crossing the street. A C-V2X vehicle equipped with technology can contact other road users and determine if they intend to cross its path and create a potentially emergency. This data exchange is possible if road users speak the same language. And if not? If a pedestrian has a phone c. Bluetooth How does a technology-equipped C-V2X car exchange information with such a road user before they cross on the road?

To solve this problem, Ford is working to create a special road installation that serves as a "translator" in such situations. It is capable of translating signals received using various digital technologies, including Bluetooth, C-V2X and dedicated communication channels with a short range. Signals can come from a pedestrian's mobile or wearable device, a scooter communication system, C-V2X technology and special communications with a short range in cars, as well as from traffic lights and other sources. For example, a person's mobile phone may inform nearby vehicles of their intentions and receive confirmation from their respective vehicles that it is safe to cross the road.

In the modern world, the sequence of travel at intersections is regulated by traffic lights, road signs and traffic rules, or the driver of the vehicle gestures to make it clear to another driver that his car is missing. But in the world of the future, when people drive with autonomous vehicles, "communication" with a driverless car can become a problem, Ford noted.

Ford's uninterrupted blockchain-based systems will come to the rescue. Innovation allows road users to begin "communication" at the intersection, during which they agree on who will go where and when. Data exchange takes place in a split second, making all maneuvers on the road safe and efficient.

C-V2X technology will help unlock new opportunities for urban infrastructure, being a conduit for additional sources of information about traffic, construction, emergency vehicles, etc., so that cities can optimize traffic using different mobility options. This will increase traffic safety and efficiency not only for cars, but also for city residents, Ford claims.

Ford is confident that in order to fully realize the potential of the technology, C-V2X must be widely used in cars and urban infrastructure within the transport ecosystem. Therefore, the cooperation of automakers with public and private companies is an important factor for the widespread adoption of C-V2X technology, which, in turn, will reveal the possibilities of the technology in solving existing transport problems and creating cities of the future.

Renault, Orange and Ericsson will develop a vehicle interaction system using 5G

On April 30, 2019, it became known about the intention of Renault, Orange and Ericsson to work together on a system for interacting connected vehicles using 5G. The collaboration will aim to assess the potential of 5G technology to improve communication between vehicles and their surroundings:

• other vehicles,
• elements of road infrastructure, such as traffic lights,
• the rest of the road users.

By providing vehicles with more information about what is happening around them, mobile networks will maintain balanced traffic flow and contribute to improving road safety. The tests are planned to be carried out on the basis of the V2X hybrid architecture (Vehicle-to-Everything, a system for exchanging data between a car and any other objects), which includes network segmentation (a 5G function that allows you to configure a network segment for a specific use) and Mobile Edge Computing technologies aimed at improving cloud computing performance.

At the same time, Orange, in partnership with SNCF and Nokia, is exploring the possibility of using 5G to provide passengers with a high-speed HD video download service. The experiment is carried out at the Rena railway station. The start of the service is scheduled for 2020, as soon as the necessary permission is received from the French regulatory organization Arcep. After the service is put into operation, passengers will be able to connect to the 5G access point at the station. In a few seconds, users will be able to download the film to their mobile phone or tablet to watch it later during a train trip. The experimental network will use frequencies in the 26 GHz band. The purpose of the experiment is to evaluate the benefits of the 5G network and get feedback from passengers. Later, it is also planned to test additional services for public use, or for enterprises.

Orange will conduct another experiment in the transport sector in conjunction with the Paris public transport operator RATP in 2019: for the first time in France, a 5G network will be deployed for autonomous and connected public vehicles. The experiment will take place as part of an agreement to jointly create innovations between the two companies.

In parallel with developments being implemented in partnership with other companies, Orange Group will continue to implement its own 5G network deployment strategy. In 2019, 5G networks will be deployed in 17 cities in Europe, their commercial launch is scheduled for 2020.

Huawei unveils world's first 5G vehicle equipment

April 22, 2019 Huawei presented, according to the company, the world's first 5G equipment for. cars The Chinese manufacturer hopes to become a key technology provider for. unmanned vehicles More. here

Europe allocates 1.8 billion euros for research on the Internet of things and wireless cars

On January 16, 2019, it became known that the European Commission approved the allocation of 1.75 billion euros from the state  budgets of France, Germany, Italy and the United Kingdom to support joint research and the development of innovations in the field of microelectronics related to the  Internet of Things and "connected cars" (Connected Car - a machine with Internet and local wireless communication used for the interaction of vehicles with each other and road infrastructure).

29 companies with headquarters both in the EU and abroad will be directly involved in 40 projects. They, in turn, will cooperate with third-party research organizations, as well as small and medium-sized enterprises, including those located outside the four member countries. European Union

Companies joining massive EU research initiative

The main goal of the initiative is to research and develop innovative technologies, chips and sensors that can be integrated into consumer devices, auto-self-driving  vehicles, commercial and industrial devices including battery management systems in electric vehicles and energy storage systems. In particular, the project is expected to stimulate research and development  in the field of the Internet of Things and "connected cars."

Participants and their partners will focus on five technology areas:

• Energy efficient chips: Develop new solutions to improve the energy efficiency of chips, which will help reduce the overall power consumption of electronic devices, including those installed in cars.

• Power semiconductors: The development of new component technologies for smart devices, as well as for electric and hybrid vehicles to improve the reliability of semiconductor elements.

• "Smart" sensors: the development of new optical sensors, motion sensors or magnetic field sensors with improved characteristics and increased accuracy. "Smart" sensors will improve the safety of the car by a more reliable and timely reaction, which will allow, for example, to change the lane or avoid obstacles.

• Advanced optical equipment: Developing more efficient technologies for future high-performance chips.

• Composites : Development of new composites (instead of silicon) and devices.

It is assumed that in addition to €1.75 billion, the initiative of the European authorities will attract an additional €6 billion in the form of private investment. The program is planned to be completed by 2024 (with different deadlines for each project).

2018

C-V2X technology and its impact on reducing the number of accidents

As of November 26, 2018, Vodafone, Huawei and Jaguar Land Rover demonstrated how C-V2X technology works and its impact on reducing accidents.

A demonstration of how cars can interact with each other by communicating using C-V2X technology was carried out on Jaguar F-PACE and Land Rover Discovery cars. They were equipped with Huawei chipsets, connected to the Vodafone network to exchange information at a long distance and through the interface PC5 being in close proximity to each other. The PC5 interface was also used to receive information from signs on the road, for example, about speed limits.

The main goal of the demonstration was a collision of cars, or rather how they avoided it by using data exchange among themselves. The uniqueness of the experiment was that the car, which was supposed to drive into the side of another, was in the blind spot. In addition, driving past the road sign, the car braked and dropped the speed to the permitted one.

The head of research and development at Vodafone Group, Luke Ibbetson, believes that this demonstration has drawn a certain line and now the C-V2X technology can be considered ready for use. Jaguar Land Rover, in turn, believes that the main thing in this technology is to increase traffic safety. The fewer blind spots remain, not to mention the communication of cars among themselves, the higher the safety for all participants in the movement, including pedestrians.

The European Commission wants to impose on automakers the obligation to equip all produced cars with a Wi-Fi module. ITS-G5 technology supported by Volkswagen and Renault, as well as NXP, Autotalk and Kapsch TrafficCom. They are opposed by an alliance of Ericsson, Vodafone and BMW Group, interested in Cellular-V2X (C-V2X) instead of outdated Wi-Fi^[4] to^[5].

Demonstration of a smart intersection from Honda

In early October 2018 Japanese , the automaker Honda demonstrated the work of a "smart" intersection. The technology, called, built around Smart Intersection V2X communications, prompts road users about the dangers of crossing roads. The company claims that we are talking about one of the first practical applications of the V2X system. More. here

Panasonic and Qualcomm launched a platform for connecting cars with each other and with infrastructure

In August 2018, Panasonic, Qualcomm and Ford demonstrated, according to the companies, the first use in real life of C-V2X technology used to interact cars with each other, as well as with road infrastructure.

The authors of the project claim that they have reached a new level of awareness of the situation on the roads using data, which will significantly improve the safety of motorists and other road users.

Panasonic, Qualcomm and Ford demonstrated, according to the companies, the first use in real life of C-V2X technology used to interact cars with each other, as well as with road infrastructure

The C-V2X platform, which was tested jointly by the Colorado Department of Transportation, was connected to a regional traffic control center in Denver.

All data coming from sensors of cars, traffic lights, roadside and other objects that somehow have the ability to affect the road situation flock to the Panasonic cloud platform. There is an analysis of information, after which alerts are sent to cars in real time, which can be useful for drivers while driving (traffic jams, dangerous areas on the way, road accidents nearby, the vehicle approaching a "blind" intersection, etc.).

According to Jovan Zagajac, who oversees connected car projects at Ford, C-V2X will help improve road safety and traffic management in cities. American the automaker joined 5G the Automotive Association (5GAA) consortium promoting the C-V2X. Members of this organization are also,,,,,, and Audi BMW Daimler. Honda Hyundai Nissan Volvo

We can turn our cars into sensors and transmit information to them about the change in the situation on the roads, "said Chris Armstrong, director of Smart Mobility programs at Panasonic.

Equipped with chips C-V2X cars can send about 10 signals per second, containing data on speed, direction of movement and other information about the operation of automotive systems (brakes, airbags, etc.). For example, during testing of technology in Colorado, car sensors determined the icing of the road, so that road services quickly went to these places to eliminate dangerous areas.^[6]

The data transmitted within the system does not contain any identification information about vehicles or drivers, which limits the possibility of using the technology by law enforcement agencies, The Denver Post notes.

Developing C-V2X, companies want to eliminate unnecessary distractions from drivers and inform them of critical events, Chris Armstrong said. This should ultimately reduce the number of fatal accidents, which in the United States alone occurred more than 40 thousand in 2017.

Panasonic has left its system open so that it can be implemented in older cars as well, and mapping services like Google Maps and Waze can use it to provide more accurate information about the situation on the roads.

One of the main problems when introducing C-V2X in Ford is called high cost. It takes about $1 million to deploy the technology on a section of 80-144 km, and such costs will be required if a fiber-optic cable is already stretched along the road and it is only necessary to replace the equipment. Otherwise, the costs will be much higher, the automaker believes.

Another challenge for C-V2X communications advocates to address is how to process and interpret the giant streams of data that will grow as the technology spreads. For example, a road network connected to the C-V2X in Colorado can send about 2 billion notifications per hour, according to Ford.

Trials of intelligent mobile telephony technology in Bavaria

Bosch, Vodafone and Huawei in March 2018 announced the successful completion of tests of smart mobile telephony technology.

The technology, known as Cellular-V2X (communication of the machine with other objects), allows the machine to "communicate" with other vehicles and the environment through mobile telephony.

Field tests with the first 5G test modules were carried out on the A9 in Bavaria. In the tests, the companies demonstrated the utility of direct instant information exchange between vehicles for driver assistance systems, in particular, such as adaptive cruise control (ACC).

Previously, the Cellular-V2X system was used as a real-time warning system - for example, when changing lanes on the track or suddenly braking the car in front. Thanks to adaptive cruise control technology, not only a warning is issued to the driver, but also automatic acceleration and braking are carried out.

The adaptive cruise control system (ACC) supports the speed set by the driver, and also maintains a preset distance to the car in front by means of a radar sensor. In addition, the ACC system detects a vehicle suddenly wedging into the front as soon as it enters the radar sensor detection area.

When machines communicate directly in real time using Cellular-V2X technology, it is possible to detect the vehicle even earlier in the above-described cases. Through mobile telephony, connected machines can directly transmit data such as their location and speed to all vehicles within a radius of more than 300 meters. Such transmission is carried out without the use of any intermediate channels and base stations, which makes it possible to almost completely eliminate delays. As a result, the car "knows" about the actions of drivers of cars around.

After establishing a sufficient distance to the vehicle ahead, the adaptive cruise control system automatically accelerates to a preset speed. Even in traffic jams, this feature allows the driver to relax and minimizes stress, while preventing sharp braking and acceleration on the track. In general, the movement is becoming smoother and more efficient, according to representatives of Bosch, Vodafone and Huawei.^[7]

Tests of radio technology C-V2X connected cars in Japan

In January 2018, Continental, Ericsson, Nissan, NTT Docomo, OKI and Qualcomm Technologies announced their plans to test their Vehicle-to-Everytning (V2X) cellular communications in Japan.

The purpose of this project is to validate and demonstrate the benefits of C-V2X technology, which is incorporated into the direct communication standards defined in the Third Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) 14th Release. The tests are designed to demonstrate the advantages (increased range, reliability and response delay advantage) of direct C-V2X communication systems operating in the 5 GHz frequency band. In addition, the C-V2X tests are designed to show the additional advantages of communication using cellular networks operating over the LTE-Advanced (LTE-A) protocol.

The results of the tests will help to create an ecosystem by providing the necessary data to stakeholders, including organizations and government agencies related to IT. The tests will be part of the process of preparing for the future introduction of "connected cars" and the gradual promotion of the automotive industry to the "new radio" (New Radio - NR) 5G. This is the new global cellular standard defined by 3GPP.

Complementing other Advanced Driver Assistance System (ADAS) sensors such as radars, lidars and camcorders, C-V2X technology has (in the non-line-of-sight (NLOS) frequency range) a low waiting period combined with increased range and cloud service. The task of the C-V2X is to expand the ability of the car to "see and hear," as well as "communicate" with other road users, even at sections of "blind" intersections.

C-V2X Radio Technology is a cellular technology that is validated for subsequent global adoption and uses upper layer protocols. These protocols have been developed in the automotive industry through years of research; their task is to support new, advanced technologies with an end-to-end use case. The direct communication system is C-V2X characterized by an increased range and reliability, operating regardless of the presence of a cellular network or coverage area.

Tests are expected to begin in 2018; the following direct C-V2X communication options will be tested: vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V), vehicle-to-infrastructure (V2I) and vehicle-to-pedestrian (V2P). A vehicle-to-network (V2N) communication system will also be tested, carried out over cellular broadband networks with access to the cloud.

For field tests, Continental will use the original Qualcomm C-V2X device, which includes a Qualcomm 9150 C-V2X chipset with an integrated global navigation satellite system (GNSS) function. The device will be used to build "connected car" systems and integrate systems into Nissan vehicles. Nissan will test the V2X system as well as develop test scenarios with key performance indicators (KPIs) to test the C-V2X technology. OKI, one of the leading IT companies, leverages its expertise in building an infrastructure of RSU modules and applications. OKI's goal is to demonstrate the V2I system as a viable technology for modern traffic control applications by integrating the Qualcomm 9150 C-V2X chipset into its RSU. Ericsson, as one of the leading companies in the field of telecommunications technologies and services, will join the discussion of V2N systems, considering a combination of direct communication and LTE-A network technologies. NTT DOCOMO will provide LTE-A networks and V2N applications to demonstrate the benefits of additional use of network communication for various advanced automotive information security systems.

"The solution C-V2X unique in that it, within the framework of a common technology and ecosystem, offers both network and direct communication for V2X services. Thanks to network communication, it is possible to ensure road safety and efficient traffic management using the existing coverage of cellular networks and the distribution of cellular modems and smartphones. C-V2X technology also provides connections to various cloud services, providing the user with a number of applications and additional services. These trials take into account the needs of all stakeholders to demonstrate the merits of a comprehensive solution covering both connectivity and various applications. Ericsson contributes to the trials through its leadership and expertise in 4G, 5G radio and networks, and willingness to share its knowledge of the IoT ecosystem, "said Erik Ekudden, Chief Technology Officer at Ericsson

2017

LG LTE V2X (communications for self-driving cars)

On December 10, 2017, LG Electronics announced the creation of fourth-generation cellular communication (LTE) technology for self-driving cars. The project was called LTE V2X.

5GCAR

In June 2017, it was announced the creation of the 5GCAR project, whose participants will promote the use of networks fifth generation (5G) in. The cars company was chosen as the project manager. Ericsson It was supported by 13 other companies including Bosch, Centre Tecnològic de Telecomunicacions de Catalunya, Centro Tecnológico de Automoción de Galicia, Chalmers University of Technology,, Huawei King's College London, Marben,,,,, Sequans, Nokia Orange PSA Group Viscoda and. Volvo Cars

See more: 5GCAR

Development by Huawei, China Mobile and SAIC Motor

China Mobile, SAIC Motor and Huawei in July 2017 demonstrated the technology of remote control of a passenger car, created on the basis of 5G. This demonstration confirmed the possibilities of high bandwidth and low delay in the C-band, thereby laying the foundation for the development of technology for connected smart cars in the future. Joint development improves vehicle reliability and brings commercial use of remote-controlled vehicles closer.

Huawei has provided a 5G wireless solution that connects SAIC Motor's smart concept car, iGS, and China Mobile has provided communication services. As part of the test, the driver was more than 30 kilometers from the car. Several high-resolution cameras installed in the car sent video signals to the driver as HD in real time, thereby giving him a 240-degree panorama of the view transmitted over a high-bandwidth 5G network. Such a view surpasses a person's field of vision, which averages about 180-190 degrees.

Control commands were also transmitted to the steering wheel, gas pedal and brakes, and the 5G network provided the ultra-small delay required for instant response in various road situations. The driver managed to constantly maintain full control over the car, although it was at a considerable distance from it.

As part of the test, the ultra-high bandwidth of the 5G network provided the required speed for uninterrupted transmission of HD video signal between the vehicle and the driver. The delay time between the endpoints applied to all functions of the car control system was less than 10 milliseconds (the own delay in the new 5G radio interface was less than one millisecond).

When the car was driving at a speed of 30 km/h, in the time interval between pressing the gas pedal and actual braking, it traveled only eight centimeters. Such indicators make possible emergency braking, which plays a key role in ensuring safety.

Remote vehicle control technology has a wide range of potential application scenarios, particularly useful in adverse or hazardous conditions such as mines or landfills. Remote work is more effective during road works, for example, when compacting soil with a roller over a large area. With this technology, one person can manage an entire fleet of vehicles or, for example, conduct rescue operations in disaster zones.

As digital transformation picks up pace around the world, connected smart cars are thrust into the ICT sector's spotlight. China Mobile, SAIC Motor and Huawei are actively engaged in the study, development and operational testing of solutions for 5G applications of autonomous vehicle control. This work contributes to the development of transport infrastructure, making it increasingly innovative, perfect, convenient and safe.

2016: About 67m vehicles to use 5G services by 2025 - ABI Research

The key growth drivers of the global connected car market are increasing demand for autonomous driving technology, spreading the concept of data-driven decision making, and introducing switching tools such as solutions for accessing smartphone functions, playing music on demand and connecting to the Internet, and car infotainment and entertainment systems into vehicle systems.

The connected car supports access to the Internet and a wireless local area network (LAN), so that drivers can connect other devices to the Internet both from the car interior and from the outside. To ensure customer convenience and proper protection, automotive companies should consider developing and deploying safety-oriented technology. Security systems should support different communication standards, as well as cover different devices and networks. In addition, such systems should be equipped with tracking, interaction and control functions, which are not limited to one vehicle, but fit into an extensive transport complex, including adjusting to traffic control systems.

In addition to the convenience for the driver of the car, equipping cars with sensors opens up new opportunities to improve road safety. Over 5G networks, cars will be able to communicate with each other and make instant decisions on what to do in a particular situation based on information received from other vehicles on the road. For example, a car could send a signal about its sharp braking, so that the car, which is threatened by a collision because of this, could also brake sharply in automatic mode. It is impossible to implement such a service in 4G networks, since the signal delay is too long to drive in real time, says Qualcomm's Sanjeev Atali.

In June 2016, ABI Research released a forecast that about 67 million vehicles will use 5G^[8] services by 2025^[8]

Three million of them are self-driving cars. 5G technology, thanks to a faster response, will become preferable for broadband streaming multimedia, sending diagnostic information to the service center, use in V2X systems (Vehicle-to-Everything - a system for exchanging data between a car and other road infrastructure, for example, with cars, road signs, markings, traffic lights; infrastructure must also be connected to the Internet).

The Future of Machine-to-Machine Communication, (2015)

Support for V2X systems is one of the key requirements for the connected vehicle of the future. V2X technology is closely related to the concept of joint mobility, which allows cars to exchange various information with each other. 5G, thanks to a lower delay in establishing a connection, will make interaction through V2X more efficient and the movement of self-driving cars on smart roads safer. Dominique Bonte, Director and Vice President, ABI Research

For V2X technology to become a reality, two areas - automotive and telecommunications, must expand the coverage area of ​ ​ the 5G signal and provide reliable reception. ABI Research expects this to be quite real by 2025. 5G will allow mobile operators to implement more value-added services for the automotive ecosystem. ABI Research analysts expect new business models and new opportunities for the automotive industry due to a low connection delay of up to 1ms.

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